Abstract: A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an audio signal. The method of encoding an audio signal includes transforming an input audio signal into an audio signal in a frequency domain, quantizing the frequency-domain transformed audio signal, and performing bitplane coding on the quantized audio signal using a context that represents various available symbols of an upper bitplane.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding digital data. The method includes: mapping a plurality of samples constituting the digital data onto bit planes; and selectively encoding all of bit-sliced data of the bit planes from bit-sliced data composed of most significant bits mapped onto the bit planes to bit-sliced data composed of least significant bits in consideration of an encoding efficiency or according to a transformed bit-sliced encoding method. Accordingly, an encoding efficiency can be increased.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding digital data. The method includes: mapping a plurality of samples constituting the digital data onto bit planes; and selectively encoding all of bit-sliced data of the bit planes from bit-sliced data composed of most significant bits mapped onto the bit planes to bit-sliced data composed of least significant bits in consideration of an encoding efficiency or according to a transformed bit-sliced encoding method. Accordingly, an encoding efficiency can be increased.

Abstract: Scalable stereo audio coding and decoding method and apparatus are provided. The scalable stereo audio coding method includes transforming a first channel and a second channel audio samples; quantizing the transformed first channel and a second channel audio samples; and coding the quantized first channel audio samples up to a predetermined transition layer and then interleavingly coding the quantized first and second channel audio samples with increasing a layer index from a layer succeeding the transition layer, until coding for a predetermined plurality of layers is finished.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding audio data with scalability are provided. The method includes slicing audio data so that sliced audio data corresponds to a plurality of layers, obtaining scale band information and coding band information corresponding to each of the plurality of layers, coding additional information containing scale factor information and coding model information based on scale band information and coding band information corresponding to a first layer, obtaining quantized samples by quantizing audio data corresponding to the first layer with reference to the scale factor information, coding the obtained plurality of quantized samples in units of symbols in order from a symbol formed with most significant bits (MSB) down to a symbol formed with least significant bits (LSB) by referring to the coding model information, and repeatedly performing the steps with increasing the ordinal number of the layer one by one every time, until coding for the plurality of layers is finished.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding digital data using a bandwidth extension technology. The method includes: bandwidth-extension-encoding the digital data, outputting bandwidth-limited data, and generating bandwidth extension information; encoding the bandwidth-limited data into a hierarchical structure having a base layer and at least one enhancement layer so as to control a bit rate; and multiplexing the encoded bandwidth-limited data and the bandwidth extension information.

Abstract: A scalable lossless audio coding/decoding apparatus and method are provided. The scalable lossless audio coding apparatus includes a lossy coding unit which lossy codes an input audio signal and generates a lossy bitstream, a lossy signal regenerating unit which decodes the lossy bitstream, compares a decoded signal with the input audio signal, and regenerates a lossy signal that is lost when lossy coding is implemented, a lossless coding unit which lossless codes the lossy signal and generates the result of lossless coding as a lossless bitstream, and a multiplexing unit which multiplexes the lossy bitstream with the lossless bitstream and generates one output bitstream.

Abstract: A magnetic field generating apparatus for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system adopting a C-shaped open magnet support structure includes a pair of polygonal permanent magnets disposed parallel to each other in the horizontal plane, with a predetermined imaging area therebetween; a pair of polygonal magnetic pole plates, stacked to face each other on the inner sides of the pair of permanent magnets, respectively; a pair of yokes to which the permanent magnets are fixed; at least one column for connecting the two yokes at one ends thereof with the imaging area being interposed between the yokes, wherein the at least one column together with the pair of yokes forms a closed path of the magnetic field; shims disposed at the vertexes of the polygonal magnetic pole plates, the shims having a polygonal shape, wherein the shims of one of the polygonal magnetic pole plates face those of the other polygonal magnetic pole plate; peripheral permanent magnets disposed along the edges of the polygonal magnetic pole p

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus being medical diagnostic equipment for understanding the internal structure of a human body, a radio frequency coil for a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus is provided for transmitting and receiving a magnetic resonance signal for forming a magnetic resonance image of a portion of a human body. The coil has an opening formed by splitting a portion of one turn of the coil into two. Thereby, a radio frequency coil for a vertical magnetic field provides a maximum open area. Therefore, a simple operation or an observation can be made through the opening simultaneously with taking a magnetic resonance image of the affected part. Also, a patient can feel less claustrophobic because they can see out through the opening.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system includes a computer for performing overall control and signal processing, a pulse generator for generating a predetermined RF pulse signal and a gradient field pulse signal having variable intensities, a main magnet for generating a static magnetic field, a gradient field coil having a cylindrical dish-like structure surrounding a magnetic pole of the main magnet for generating a gradient field based on the gradient field pulse signal, an RF coil for transmitting a RF field according to the RF pulse signal to an imaging object and receiving MR signals from the imaging object, and an analog-to-digital converter for converting the MR signals from the RF coil into digital signals and outputting the converted digital signals to the computer.

Abstract: An optical tape cassette and a player for using the cassette. The optical tape cassette includes a drum on which optical tape is wound and two tape reels for supplying and winding the tape. The cassette player includes a driver having two rotating members which can be connected to the drum and tape take-up reel for driving the drum and tape take-up reel, respectively, and an optical pickup for projecting a light beam onto the optical tape which is wound about the periphery of the drum, thereby realizing a simplified structure and easy handling for home use.

Abstract: A dual disc recording/reproducing apparatus and recording method. The apparatus includes a reproducing deck unit and a recording/reproducing deck unit with both being controlled by one control unit. The method comprises the steps of recording on a disc a first program and a disc playing time on the lead-in area thereof unless data is recorded on the disc, recording the data onto the next recording area of the lead-out area if data is already recorded on the disc, and then recording the lead-out to process a present lead-out area as a bad block area. The next step is recording a new lead-out at the end of the disc playing time, and then processing the previous and next blocks, including the present lead-out area, as a bad block during the recording of the data, processing the previous and next blocks, including the lead-in area, as a bad block, and then recording the data in the program memory area onto a new lead-in area.

Abstract: A planar discharge type PDP in which all of the electrodes are formed on one substrate. Auxiliary and display anodes, first and second dielectric layers and display cathodes are formed in intersecting strips in substantially parallel planes. The second dielectric layer is provided with a light shielding plate to achieve a PDP in which auxiliary and display discharge both occur in a single cell, has increased luminance and efficiency of light transmission, and yields an increased lifetime for the phosphor layer of a color PDP.

Abstract: A new polysaccharide polymer and a process for producing the same are disclosed. The polysaccharide polymer as a biopolymer can be produced by culturing a heteropolysaccharide-producing strain of Methylobacterium organophilum on a aqueous culture medium containing methanol as a source of carbon and energy.