Abstract: A method for affixing a valve seat insert into a cylinder head recess using pressure or pressure in conjunction with resistance welding. The preferred method avoids the creation of tensile stresses within the valve seat insert during installation into the cylinder head. Further, the method reduces the size of an opening of the valve seat insert during installation. In addition, the application of pressure and the respective shapes of the recess and valve seat insert are such that a moment is not created in the insert which would result in the application of tensile forces on the insert. A lower surface opposite the combustion chamber of the valve seat insert is disposed at an angle to the opening within a range of .+-.15.degree. to a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the opening. Additionally, the valve seat insert may comprise multiple components which, when resistance welded to the cylinder head, form a plurality of intermetallic layers having gradually varying coefficients of thermal expansion.

Abstract: An endless belt comprising a belt main body prepared from a liquid castable elastomeric material, a reinforcing fabric providing over the surface of the main body, and a shock absorbing layer of elastomeric material formed between the main body and the fabric. The belt is in the form of a flat belt or a belt having teeth or projections on at least one side thereof, has improved bending resistance and is operable with diminished noise. The belt is prepareed by a process comprising the steps of forming a shock absorbing layer of elastomeric material over the surface of a reinforcing fabric, fitting the fabric to one of an inner die and an outer die with the layer facing the other die, and pouring or injecting a liquid castable elastomeric material into a space between the fabric and the other die for molding.