Abstract: An apparatus fixes ink on a substrate, such as in ink-jet printing. A leveling member is positioned to contact an ink-bearing side of the substrate at a nip. A radiation source is positioned to direct radiation to the ink-bearing side of the substrate at the nip, the radiation suitable for curing the ink on the substrate.

Abstract: Various traveling wave grid configurations are disclosed. The grids and systems are well suited for transporting, separating, and classifying small particles dispersed in liquid or gaseous media. Also disclosed are various separation strategies and purification cells utilizing such traveling wave arrays and strategies.

Abstract: Set forth is an electrophoretic display device including a display region between substrates, at least one of which is transparent, the display region including a multiplicity of pixels, wherein one or more of the pixels have three or more subpixels, the three or more subpixels being made up of individual reservoirs that each contain a display medium of one or more set of colored particles in a dielectric fluid. The display mediums include two different colors therein so that the subpixel is capable of exhibiting each of the two different colors, and each of the three or more subpixels include a display medium having a combination of two colors that is different from the combinations of two colors of the display mediums of the other of the three or more subpixels. A method of displaying a full color image with the display device is also provided.

Abstract: A method of displaying an image in an electrophoretic display device having at least one display layer including a multiplicity of individual reservoirs containing a display fluid between conductive substrates, wherein the display fluid comprises at least two sets of particles in a liquid medium, the at two sets of particles each exhibiting a different color, wherein a first set of particles and a second set of particles have a same charge polarity and the first set of particles has a higher average charge than the second set of particles, includes applying an electric field to selected ones of the multiplicity of reservoirs to effect movement of one or more of the differently colored sets of particles in the display fluid therein to display a desired color derived from among the sets of differently colored particles, wherein the applying to display a color of the second set of particles involves pulsing an electric field through the conductive substrates for a time sufficient to attract the first set of part

Abstract: Systems and methods for aligning substrates that include microstructures. The microstructures may be electronic or micromechanical components. The system includes a first substrate having a first alignment structure and a second substrate having a second alignment structure. The substrates are positioned so that the first alignment structure contacts the second alignment structure without the substrates directly contacting each other, and one of the substrates is adjusted in relation to the other substrate until the first and second alignment structures lock into place. After alignment, the microstructures on the first substrate and the second substrate may establish a connection with or be positioned in near proximity to each other.

Abstract: A method of forming vias and pillars using printed masks is described. The printed masks are typically made from droplets that include suspended metal nanoparticles. The use of the same metal nanoparticle solution in both the mask formation and the subsequent formation of conducting structures simplifies the fabrication process.

Abstract: A method forms a first active electronic layer, prints an array of pillars on the first active electronic layer, dispenses a curable polymer over the array of pillars, molds the curable polymer by contacting the curable polymer with a mold structure to displace the curable polymer from upper surfaces of the pillars, cures the curable polymer to produce a hardened polymer, and removes the array of pillars to leave an array of holes in the hardened polymer. Another method provides a substrate having selected areas, prints an array of pillars on the substrate, dispenses a curable polymer over the array of pillars, molds the curable polymer by contacting the array of pillars with a mold structure to displace the curable polymer from upper surfaces of the pillars, cures the curable polymer to produce a hardened polymer, and removes the array of pillars to leave an array of holes in the hardened polymer corresponding to the selected areas.

Abstract: An improved method of forming a display is described. The method describes depositing droplets of a display fluid into a sealing solution. The sealing solution seals the droplets of display fluid such that each droplet forms a miniature cell of display fluid. Electrodes address charged particles in the miniature cells to form viewable images for use in a display.

Abstract: A method forms a first active electronic layer, prints an array of pillars on the first active electronic layer, dispenses a curable polymer over the array of pillars, molds the curable polymer by contacting the curable polymer with a mold structure to displace the curable polymer from upper surfaces of the pillars, cures the curable polymer to produce a hardened polymer, and removes the array of pillars to leave an array of holes in the hardened polymer. Another method provides a substrate having selected areas, prints an array of pillars on the substrate, dispenses a curable polymer over the array of pillars, molds the curable polymer by contacting the array of pillars with a mold structure to displace the curable polymer from upper surfaces of the pillars, cures the curable polymer to produce a hardened polymer, and removes the array of pillars to leave an array of holes in the hardened polymer corresponding to the selected areas.

Abstract: A flexible structure has at least one elastomeric layer, at least two structural elements adjacent the elastomeric layer, and a curable material arranged adjacent to the elastomeric layer and the structural elements. A method of manufacturing a flexible structure includes adhering an elastomeric layer to at least two structural components to form a flexible structure, applying a curable material to the flexible structure such that the curable material is arranged adjacent to the elastomeric layer and the structural components. An apparatus has at least one elastomeric layer, at least two structural components arranged adjacent to and in contact with the elastomeric layer, a functional component arranged adjacent to and in contact with at least one of the structural components, and a curable material arranged adjacent to the elastomeric layer and the structural components.

Abstract: A method of forming an electronic device includes depositing a dielectric, forming a first functional material layer having a first surface energy, depositing at least one first at least semiconductive feature of the device, forming a second functional material layer to provide a surface having a second surface energy, and depositing at least one second at least semiconductive feature of the device to connect to the first at least semiconductive feature of the device. A method of forming an electronic device includes depositing a first, dielectric material, depositing a second material, depositing at least one first at least semiconductive feature of the device on the second material, altering the second material to form a altered second material, and depositing at least one at least semiconductive feature from solution to connect the first semiconductive feature of the device.

Abstract: A method to seal cells includes providing a substrate having at least one cell, laminating a membrane onto the cells such that there is at least one aperture over each cell, introducing a functional material into each cell through the aperture, and sealing the apertures with a sealant that is self-supporting. A device has at least one cell having walls, a membrane forming a lid of the cell, having at least one aperture, a functional material in the cell, and a self-supporting sealant to seal the aperture.

Abstract: An improved method of forming a display is described. The method includes the operation of forming a cell in an array of cells. Walls of the cell are used to confine both a color filter and a display material prior to sealing the cell. The method is particularly useful when jet printing particulate display materials and filter materials to form pixels in a display.

Abstract: A method of printing electronic circuits uses pattern recognition to detect locations of interconnects on electronic components oriented on a substrate such that the interconnects face away from the substrate, the interconnects having ramps between the interconnects and the substrate, adjusts routing paths as needed based upon a difference between an intended placement and an actual placement of the electronic components, and generates a new image file for printing with adjusted routing paths. A device has at least one electronic component having interconnects, a ramp from a surface of the substrate to the interconnects, wherein the ramp is formed of one of either a polymer or an adhesive, a printed, conductive path on the ramp providing electrical connection to at least one of the interconnects.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting and concentrating bioagents within a continuously flowing fluid medium includes a flow channel fluid inlet, in which bioagents are concentrated from three dimensions to a two-dimensional transport layer in a preconcentration area. Traveling wave grids cause the preconcentrated bioagents to migrate to one side of the flow channel and then to an extraction port. Each of the traveling wave grids includes a substrate, a collection of closely spaced and parallel electrically conductive electrodes extending across said substrate, and a collection of buses providing electrical communication with the collection of conductive electrodes. A voltage controller provides a multiphase electrical signal to the collection of buses and electrodes of the traveling wave grids. Fluid exits through an outlet port.

Abstract: A system and method extracts/deposits fluid and includes a pipette having a pipette body portion and a pipette tip. A stirring/agitation mechanism including a fiber or a rod extends through the interior of the pipette tip, wherein a fiber end or rod end of the fiber or rod, extends out of a narrowed end of the pipette tip, and the fiber end or rod end is configured to stir or agitate the fluid.

Abstract: A lateral wire apparatus allows direct lateral viewing of particles of electrophoretic ink (e.g., liquid emulsion aggregation particle (LEAP) ink) that are undergoing electrophoretic migration. Electrophoretic ink movement is commonly monitored by placing the ink through the top electrode, but as the toner particles migrate back and forth between the two electrodes, the viewer can not see what lies beneath the top electrode. This may hide commonly known failure modes, such as particle agglomeration, swishing of particles due to hydrodynamic effects. The lateral wire apparatus includes two narrow gauge wires glued to a glass substrate and held apart at a fixed distance to help maintain a uniform electric field across the gap. A plastic block with pegs that situated at a fixed distance and threaded screws is used to make the lateral wire apparatus with precise wire spacing that may be reproducibly made in less than five minutes using inexpensive and readily available materials.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a multiplicity of individual reservoirs containing a display medium between conductive substrates, at least one of which is transparent, wherein the display medium includes one or more set of colored particles in a dielectric fluid, and wherein the multiplicity of individual reservoirs are defined by a unitary grid whose walls segregate the reservoirs. The gird may be formed via photolithography or from a master stamp derived from a mold of the grid pattern.

Abstract: A method of dispensing display fluid into an array of cells loads an array of quills with the fluid. inserts the array of quills loaded with the fluid into the array of cells, such that each quill is inserted into a separate cell, contacts an inner surface of the cells to cause the fluid to transfer from the quills to the cells, and seals the cells. A dispensing system has a first substrate having an array of quills arranged on a first pitch, a first fixture to hold the first substrate, a second substrate having an array of cells, wherein the cells are arranged on a second pitch that is proportional to the first pitch, a second fixture to hold the second substrate, and an alignment system to align the first substrate to the second substrate such that each quill dispenses a display fluid into selected ones of the cells.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a multiplicity of individual reservoirs containing a display medium between conductive substrates, at least one of which is transparent, wherein the display medium includes one or more set of colored particles in a dielectric fluid and has an electrical conductivity of about 10?11 to about 10?15 S/m, and wherein the multiplicity of individual reservoirs are defined by a unitary grid whose walls segregate the reservoirs. The grid may be formed via photolithography or from a master stamp derived from a mold of the grid pattern.