Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a patient. The methods comprise: producing, by a radiotherapy system, a fused model for a superficial portion of the patient's skin by combining structural imaging data acquired using high frequency ultrasound and functional imaging data acquired using optical imaging; generating a treatment plan for the patient based on the fused model; storing the treatment plan; detecting, by a processor, an arrival of the patient at a medical facility using first information acquired from a first mobile device coupled to the patient; obtaining the treatment plan using the first information; and causing a state of medical equipment to be transitioned from a first configurable operational state in which a radiotherapy treatment head has a first position to a second configurable operational state in which the radiotherapy treatment head has a second different position, in accordance with the treatment plan.

Abstract: An x-ray treatment system includes an electron beam generator configured to generate an electron beam and an x-ray treatment head comprising an array of pixel source cells including side walls defining an x-ray transmissive interior. The side walls include an x-ray absorptive material. A target element is positioned to, when impacted by the electron beam, generate x-ray photon radiation within the x-ray transmissive pixel source cell interior. An electron beam control system includes a controller configured to control responsive to a treatment plan at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to a particular one of the pixel source cells, and then responsive to the treatment plan to control at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to at least one additional pixel source cell. A method of treating a patient with x-ray photon radiation is also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiation therapy device includes an electron beam source (EBS) for generating an electron beam and a steering device for directing the electron beam. A target is disposed a predetermined distance from the EBS and is positioned to intercept the electron beam. The target element generates x-ray photons upon the impact of electrons with the target. A focusing lens is coupled to and spaced from the target by no more than 10 mm, and is positioned to receive x-ray photons generated by the target. The focusing lens focuses the x-ray photons to a focal point. The radiation therapy device can also include targets configured to generate x-ray beams for tomosynthesis. A method for performing radiation therapy is also disclosed.

Abstract: An x-ray treatment system includes an electron beam generator configured to generate an electron beam and an x-ray treatment head comprising an array of pixel source cells including side walls defining an x-ray transmissive interior. The side walls include an x-ray absorptive material. A target element is positioned to, when impacted by the electron beam, generate x-ray photon radiation within the x-ray transmissive pixel source cell interior. An electron beam control system includes a controller configured to control responsive to a treatment plan at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to a particular one of the pixel source cells, and then responsive to the treatment plan to control at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to at least one additional pixel source cell. A method of treating a patient with x-ray photon radiation is also disclosed.

Abstract: Validation of a therapeutic radiation treatment involves using an applicator balloon surrounding an X-ray radiation source to support a plurality of X-ray sensor elements (XRSE). The XRSE are supported on the applicator balloon at distributed locations to sense applied radiation from the radiation source. At least one parameter of the applied radiation which has been sensed by the XRSE is compared to a corresponding parameter of a predetermined radiation treatment plan. Based on the comparing, a determination is made as to whether one or more requirements of the predetermined radiation treatment plan have been satisfied.

Abstract: X-ray target element is comprised of a planar wafer. The planar wafer element includes a target layer and a substrate layer. The target layer is comprised of an element having a relatively high atomic number and the substrate layer is comprised of diamond. The substrate layer is configured to support the target layer and facilitate transfer of thermal energy away from the target layer.

Abstract: A balloon applicator for an intraoperative radiation therapy system includes an x-ray beam shaping component for emitting x-rays in a plurality of possible directions in three dimensions. The balloon applicator includes connecting structure for connecting to the intraoperative radiation therapy system and an inflatable balloon contactor having an outer surface. The balloon applicator has a beam hardening system including a beam hardening compound disposed between the x-ray beam shaping component and the outer surface of the balloon. The beam hardening system is capable of hardening the beam in beam directions in three dimensions. An intraoperative radiation therapy system and a method for conducting intraoperative radiation therapy are also disclosed.

Abstract: An x-ray treatment system includes an electron beam generator configured to generate an electron beam and an x-ray treatment head comprising an array of pixel source cells including side walls defining an x-ray transmissive interior. The side walls include an x-ray absorptive material. A target element is positioned to, when impacted by the electron beam, generate x-ray photon radiation within the x-ray transmissive pixel source cell interior. An electron beam control system includes a controller configured to control responsive to a treatment plan at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to a particular one of the pixel source cells, and then responsive to the treatment plan to control at least one of the direction and intensity of the electron beam to at least one additional pixel source cell. A method of treating a patient with x-ray photon radiation is also disclosed.

Abstract: X-ray target element is comprised of a planar wafer. The planar wafer element includes a target layer and a substrate layer. The target layer is comprised of an element having a relatively high atomic number and the substrate layer is comprised of diamond. The substrate layer is configured to support the target layer and facilitate transfer of thermal energy away from the target layer.

Abstract: A radiation therapy device includes an electron beam source (EBS) for generating an electron beam and a steering device for directing the electron beam. A target is disposed a predetermined distance from the EBS and is positioned to intercept the electron beam. The target element generates x-ray photons upon the impact of electrons with the target. A focusing lens is coupled to and spaced from the target by no more than 10 mm, and is positioned to receive x-ray photons generated by the target. The focusing lens focuses the x-ray photons to a focal point. The radiation therapy device can also include targets configured to generate x-ray beams for tomosynthesis. A method for performing radiation therapy is also disclosed.

Abstract: Real-time X-ray dosimetry sensing in intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). According to one aspect, a treatment head comprises at least one X-ray component configured to facilitate generation of therapeutic radiation in the X-ray wavelength range. A resilient balloon is disposed over the treatment head and configured for receiving therein a fluid to facilitate X-ray treatment of a tumor cavity. A plurality of X-ray sensing elements is disposed at a plurality of locations distributed on the interior or exterior of the resilient balloon and configured for sensing X-ray radiation emanating from the treatment head. A control system is provided that is responsive to data received from the X-ray sensing elements to determine a magnitude of X-ray radiation detected at each of the X-ray sensing elements.

Abstract: Systems, method and devices for detecting, analyzing and treating lesions, such as skin cancer are disclosed. Such a system can include a high-frequency ultrasound imaging device to image a lesion. The system can also include a processor that executes instructions stored in memory to perform operations, and the operations can include receiving a plurality of images of the lesion from the high-frequency ultrasound imaging device, rendering a three dimensional model of the lesion using the plurality of images from the high-frequency ultrasound imaging device and determining a treatment dosimetry based on the three dimensional model of the lesion. The system can also include a radiotherapy device to provide radiotherapy treatment to the lesion, where the radiotherapy treatment is based on the treatment dosimetry.

Abstract: Systems and methods for radiation therapy. The methods comprise: acquiring an image of a treatment area using a Robotic Sculpted Beam Radiation Treatment System (“RCBRTS”); presenting, by a Mobile Computing Platform (“MCP”), the image in a GUI; creating a Real-Time Beam Sculpting Treatment Plan (“RTBSTP”) for the patient based on user inputs to MCP via GUI; verifying an expected effectiveness of RTBSTP using a virtual measurement component of GUI (where the virtual measurement component simultaneously provides distance measurements and radiation dose deposition measurements associated with the patient's anatomy and RTBSTP); verifying the final treatment plan using cross sectional 3D view and/or AR view; programming RCBRTS such that radiation therapy delivery will be provided in accordance with RTBSTP; setting RCBRTS so part of it will be inserted into a cavity formed during a medical procedure; and/or performing operations by RCBRTS to apply radiation to the patient.

Abstract: A balloon applicator for intraoperative radiation therapy including a treatment head includes a connecting sleeve for attachment to the treatment head. The connecting sleeve has proximal and distal ends, the proximal end having an open end for receiving the treatment head. The distal end includes an inflatable balloon contactor for engaging patient tissue during intraoperative radiation therapy. At least one fluid port is provided for supplying and removing inflating fluid to the inflatable balloon contactor. A system and a method for conducting intraoperative radiation therapy are also provided.

Abstract: X-ray target element is comprised of a planar wafer. The planar wafer element includes a target layer and a substrate layer. The target layer is comprised of an element having a relatively high atomic number and the substrate layer is comprised of diamond. The substrate layer is configured to support the target layer and facilitate transfer of thermal energy away from the target layer.

Abstract: A balloon applicator for an intraoperative radiation therapy system includes an x-ray beam shaping component for emitting x-rays in a plurality of possible directions in three dimensions. The balloon applicator includes connecting structure for connecting to the intraoperative radiation therapy system and an inflatable balloon contactor having an outer surface. The balloon applicator has a beam hardening system including a beam hardening compound disposed between the x-ray beam shaping component and the outer surface of the balloon. The beam hardening system is capable of hardening the beam in beam directions in three dimensions. An intraoperative radiation therapy system and a method for conducting intraoperative radiation therapy are also disclosed.

Abstract: Intraoperative radiation therapy involves a treatment head disposed on a distal end of a robotic arm. An X-ray component included as part of the treatment head generates therapeutic radiation in the X-ray wavelength range. At least one patient motion sensor detects a breathing movement of a patient body. A control system dynamically controls a position of the treatment head by causing a position variation in at least one of the movable joints comprising the robotic arm. This movement is managed so that a relative motion as between the treatment head and a tumor bed internal of the patient is minimized.

Abstract: Systems and methods for radiation therapy. The methods comprise: acquiring an image of a treatment area using a Robotic Sculpted Beam Radiation Treatment System (“RCBRTS”); presenting, by a Mobile Computing Platform (“MCP”), the image in a GUI; creating a Real-Time Beam Sculpting Treatment Plan (“RTBSTP”) for the patient based on user inputs to MCP via GUI; verifying an expected effectiveness of RTBSTP using a virtual measurement component of GUI (where the virtual measurement component simultaneously provides distance measurements and radiation dose deposition measurements associated with the patient's anatomy and RTBSTP); verifying the final treatment plan using cross sectional 3D view and/or AR view; programming RCBRTS such that radiation therapy delivery will be provided in accordance with RTBSTP; setting RCBRTS so part of it will be inserted into a cavity formed during a medical procedure; and/or performing operations by RCBRTS to apply radiation to the patient.

Abstract: Three dimensional beam forming X-ray source includes an electron beam generator (EBG) to generate an electron beam. A target element is disposed a predetermined distance from the EBG and positioned to intercept the electron beam. The target element is responsive to the electron beam to generate X-ray radiation. A beam former is disposed proximate to the target element and comprised of a material which interacts with the X-ray radiation to form an X-ray beam. An EBG control system controls at least one of a beam pattern and a direction of the X-ray beam by selectively varying a location where the electron beam intersects the target element to control an interaction of the X-ray radiation with the beam-former.

Abstract: A radiotherapy system including a radiotherapy component, a structural imaging component, a functional imaging component, and a workstation coupled to the radiotherapy component, the structural imaging component, and the functional imaging component. The workstation includes a processor which combines the structural imaging data and the functional imaging data to produce a fused model for a least a portion of the region of interest, to generate a plan for radiotherapy treatment of the region of interest based on the fused model, and apply, via the radiotherapy component, the radiotherapy treatment.