Abstract: A front-wheel steering system, which has a clearance between a steering shaft and a pinion shaft so that the two shafts will be out of contact when the relative angular position of these shafts is within the range of the angle .theta..sub.1. A driving motor drives the pinion shaft 9 within the range of angle .theta.1 and a mechanical clutch 8 transmits transmitting the driving torque of the driving motor to the pinion shaft 9. This mechanical clutch 8 is designed to be disconnected by the driver's steering power when the relative angle has exceeded the angle .theta..sub.1.

Abstract: A steering torque is transmitted from a steering wheel side rotary member to a steering shaft side rotary member through a plurality of elastic bodies, when a steering wheel is turned. The elastic bodies are provided around a rotational center of a steering shaft which bending parts. A relative rotation produced between the steering wheel side rotary member and the steering shaft side rotary member is detected by detecting coils, because the detecting coils detect the change of the reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the rotary members and the detecting coil.

Abstract: A throttle valve control apparatus comprises a throttle valve element supported on a valve shaft, a wire for transferring a force of an accelerator operation part to the throttle valve element, a motor for driving the throttle valve, and a stopper member for transferring a driving force of the motor to the valve shaft. The stopper member has a gear part driven by the motor and a restraint part for restraining an opening degree of the throttle valve. A notch is provided near the restraint part. The driving force of the motor is transferred from the gear part to the stopper member at the time of traction control. The restraint part of the stopper member thus drives the throttle valve element in the close direction. The notch prevents the stopper member from coming in contact with the valve shaft.

Abstract: A torque detection apparatus for measuring a torque applied between a drive shaft and an output shaft which is applicable to an electric power steering system of a motor vehicle. The torque detection apparatus is provided between the drive and output shafts and comprises first and second rotating bodies which are respectively at one end portions coupled fixedly to the drive and output shafts, the first rotating body being rotatable in accordance with rotation of the drive shaft and the second rotating body being rotatable in accordance with rotation of said output shaft. The first and second rotating bodies are shaped cylindrically and the first rotating body has on its outer circumferential surface magnetic toothed portions and the second rotating body has on its inner circumferential surface magnetic toothed portions.

Abstract: A control apparatus for electrically operating a throttle valve adapted to adjust the amount of air drawn into an internal combustion engine to adjust the position of the throttle valve. The position and operating condition of an accelerator pedal are electrically detected to generate a signal in accordance with the accelerator position to drive an actuator adapted to operate the throttle valve, and also a desired throttle position established by the signal, the detected actual position of the throttle valve and the operating condition of the accelerator pedal are suitably compared and examined, thus monitoring to see whether the detection of the accelerator position is not faulty, whether the throttle valve is controlled to follow the desired throttle position and so on and thereby performing a safe control by using a substitute desired position upon occurrence of a faulty condition.

Abstract: An intake air quantity control apparatus for use in a motor vehicle for controlling an intake air quantity introduced into an engine of the motor vehicle by controlling the opening degree of a throttle valve provided in an air intake passage of the engine. The intake air quantity control apparatus includes a stepping motor connected to the throttle valve and operatively coupled to an accelerating pedal of the motor vehicle so that the stepping motor drives the throttle valve in response to depression of the accelerating pedal. The stepping motor is arranged to be further controllable in response to a control signal from a control unit of the motor vehicle and thus comprising a stator having a plurality of magnetic poles and a plurality of windings respectively wound around the magnetic poles and excited by the control signal, a first rotor rotatable with respect to the stator in response to excitation of said windings of said stator, and a second rotor disposed between the stator and the first rotor.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a brushless dc motor comprises: a parallel connection circuit including a plurality of series circuits connected in parallel; each series circuit having one armature coil and one field-effect transistor, one end of the parallel connection circuit being connected to one end of a dc power source; a free-wheeling diode connected across the parallel connection circuit; first semiconductor switch means connected between the other end of the parallel connection circuit and the other end of the dc power source; a plurality of second semiconductor switch means connected between respective gates of the field-effect transistors; and the one end of the dc power source; a plurality of reverse current blocking elements for preventing reverse currents from flowing into the second semiconductor switch means from the gates of the field-effect transistors; a plurality of comparators for detecting induced voltages developed across the armature coils; a drive circuit responsive to detection output signal