Abstract: A camouflage impregnating agent comprising a silver salt dissolved in an alcoholic solution of an alkyl trialkoxysilane; a process for camouflaging an oxidic surface by applying thereto a camouflage impregnating agent comprising a silver salt dissolved in an alcoholic solution of an alkyl trialkoxysilane.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds are provided which are useful in the treatment of substrates such as plastic materials and textile materials, both woven and nonwoven, from natural and synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof, to impart antistatic properties.A process is also provided for the preparation of such compounds, and for the treatment of substrates with such compounds.

Abstract: A detergent composition is provided having good cleaning effectiveness while simultaneously imparting to the material treated a soft feel and/or good conductivity for static electricity, and comprising a mixture of surfactants of which:A. from 30 to 90% by weight is a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof; andB. from 10 to 70% by weight is a surfactant mixture comprising at least one anionic surfactant and at least one cationic surfactant in a charge ratio anionic surfactant to cationic surfactant within the range from about 0.60 to about 0.90, suitably within the range from 0.70 to 0.95, and preferably within the range from about 0.75 to about 0.90.

Abstract: A liquid aqueous detergent composition is provided which contains a surface active portion, and a complexing agent, as well as, if desired, other components customarily included in detergent compositions, characterized in that the surface active portion mainly containsA. 30-70% of a surface active nonionic alkylene oxide adduct having the formulaRO(A).sub.x Hwhere R represents a hydrocarbon group of 8-24 carbon atoms, each A represents independently an oxyalkylene group derived from an alkylene oxide with 2-4 carbon atoms, x represents an integer from 5-50, the number of from ethylene oxide derived oxyalkylene groups being at least 60% of the total number of oxyalkylene groups; andB. 30-70% of a surface active phosphoric acid ester having the common formula(R'O).sub.y PO(OM).sub.3.sub.-ywhere R' is a straight or branched alkyl chain with 9-11 carbon atoms, y is an integer of 1 or 2 and M represents a monovalent cation.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds are provided which are useful in the treatment of substrates such as plastic materials and textile materials, both woven and nonwoven, from natural and synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof, to impart antistatic properties.A process is also provided for the preparation of such compounds, and for the treatment of substrates with such compounds.

Abstract: Synthetic detergents of the ampholytic betaine type are provided, having a 2-hydroxy propylene ether group attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine; the 2-hydroxy propylene ether group optionally can include a plurality of oxyalkylene units. The process for preparing these betaines easily and inexpensively involves reaction of an alcohol or hydroxy compound with epichlorohydrin to form the corresponding chloroglyceryl ether, which can be aminated and quaternized either in two stages, by reaction of a dialkyl amine and a straight or branched halogenated carboxylic acid, or in one stage by reaction of an amino acid. Detergent compositions containing these betaines are also provided.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds which contain both cationic and nonionic hydrophilic groups in the molecule. Alkylene oxide is reacted with aliphatic alcohol in the presence of an alkali catalyst at an elevated temperature; the resulting alkoxyglycol alcohol or ether is reacted with epichlorohydrin, producing the corresponding chloroglyceryl or chlorohydroxypropylene ether; and this is then reacted with a secondary amine to produce the quaternary ammonium compound.