Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which is capable of reducing the occurrence of defective display due to variations in the initial alignment direction of a liquid crystal alignment control film in a liquid crystal display of an IPS scheme, realizing the stable liquid crystal alignment, providing excellent mass productivity, and having high image quality with a higher contrast ratio. The liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent, and an alignment control film formed between the liquid crystal layer and the substrate. At least one of the alignment control films 109 comprises photoreactive polyimide and/or polyamic acid provided with an alignment control ability by irradiation of substantially linearly polarized light.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus has a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent; a liquid crystal layer arranged between the pair of substrates; and electrode structure for generating an electric field having a dominant component parallel to a surface of the substrate and passing through the liquid crystal layer, the electrode structure being formed on one of the pair of substrates; a pair of alignment layers formed on respective surfaces in contact with the liquid crystal layer of the pair of substrates; and a pair of polarizing plates arranged so as to sandwich the pair of substrates, wherein the glass transition temperature Tg of a boundary surface between said liquid crystal layer and the alignment layer is higher than the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature T(N?I) of a liquid crystal composite forming the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal layer, a pair of substrates between which the liquid crystal layer is arranged, a pair of polarizing plates arranged between which the substrates are arranged, and a light source arranged at an outside of the polarizing plates, the liquid crystal display further comprises a first transparent resin layer arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the light source and a second transparent resin layer to be arranged between the viewer and the liquid crystal layer, and a linear thermal expansion coefficient of the first transparent resin layer is smaller than that of the second transparent resin layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal layer positioned between the substrates, a transparent protective plate arranged on a front surface side of the display panel, and an optically transparent layer between the display panel and the protective plate, and wherein the protective plate includes fine concavity and convexity configurations on at least a surface thereof toward the display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates with a liquid crystal layer therebetween with a plurality of scanning signal lines and of video signal lines being formed on a first substrate. The scanning and video signal lines are arranged in a shape of a grid, and a pixel region is defined as a region surrounded by the scanning and video signal lines. A black matrix is formed on a second substrate, is arranged in a position overlapped on the scanning and video signal lines, and has an opening portion in each pixel region. A plurality of first electrodes are provided on the first substrate, and a plurality of second electrodes are provided on the second substrate, wherein at least one of first electrodes and at least one of the second electrodes are arranged in a position overlapped with the opening portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which is capable of reducing the occurrence of defective display due to variations in the initial alignment direction of a liquid crystal alignment control film in a liquid crystal display of an IPS scheme, realizing the stable liquid crystal alignment, providing excellent mass productivity, and having high image quality with a higher contrast ratio. The liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent, and an alignment control film formed between the liquid crystal layer and the substrate. At least one of the alignment control films comprises photoreactive polyimide and/or polyamic acid provided with an alignment control ability by irradiation of substantially linearly polarized light.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate with a liquid crystal material sandwiched therebetween, neighboring first, second, third and fourth regions arranged in a rectangular shape and in a clockwise direction, the first, second, third and fourth regions having a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, a third pixel electrode and a fourth pixel electrode, respectively. The first pixel electrode and the third pixel electrode extend in a parallel direction to one another, and the second pixel electrode and the fourth pixel electrode extend in a parallel direction to one another.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel having polarizers, and a back light having a light source for illumination of the liquid crystal panel which has a characteristic of spectral transmittance required to satisfy the following equation, x>y>z, when a medium tone display voltage varies in a range between a minimum and maximum voltage for a Blue pixel, where “x” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a longest wavelength in a range of wavelengths designated for blue light, “y” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of the intensity in a range of wavelengths designated for green light, and “z” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of the intensity in a range of wavelengths designated for red light.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display apparatus including: a liquid crystal panel including a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched by the pair of substrates; plural electrodes formed on at least one of the pair of substrates; and a pair of polarizers provided in respective outsides of the pair of substrates; and a back light unit provided in a rear of the liquid crystal panel, in which one of the pair of polarizers, which is provided at a side of the back light unit, includes at least two types of layers which cause polarization, and in which the two types of layers include a first layer provided on a side of the liquid crystal layer and a second layer provided on a side of the back light unit, the first layer being a negative uniaxial polarizer layer, the second layer being a positive uniaxial polarizer layer.

Abstract: An image retention phenomenon and black unevenness generated after long-time operation in the liquid crystal device are prevented. By using a material having a polyamide acid ester as a precursor less likely to adsorb impurities on a boundary for an alignment film and a material having a dielectric constant anisotropy ?? of 5 or less for liquid crystals, adsorption of an antioxidant dispersed in the liquid crystals is suppressed to prevent oxidation of the liquid crystals. The extent that impurities are intruded into the liquid crystals is reduced by restricting the dielectric constant anisotropy ?? of the liquid crystals to 5 or less, thereby capable of preventing the image retention phenomenon and the black unevenness.

Abstract: An active-matrix liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates, a group of electrodes for applying to the liquid crystal layer an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate plane and a plural number of active elements being formed on one of the pair of substrates, and an alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the pair of substrates. The alignment layer is made from polyamic acid obtained by reacting a diamine with an acid anhydride, and the acid anhydride is at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, and 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device is provided, in which an after image remaining after removing an application of a direct current voltage is suppressed. The active matrix liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric anisotropy and a dopant having a dissociative group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of low power consumption which exhibits high image quality is realized. To each liquid-crystal-side pixel region of one substrate out of respective substrates which are arranged while sandwiching liquid crystal therebetween, a first switching element and a second switching element which are operated in response to a scanning signal from a gate signal line, a pixel electrode to which a video signal is supplied from the drain signal line through the first switching element, and a counter electrode to which a reference voltage signal is supplied from a reference voltage signal line through the second switching element, and the pixel electrode and the counter electrode are respectively formed of strip-like transparent conductive layers and are substantially alternately arranged in the inside of the pixel region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device can suppress the local temperature elevation of a liquid crystal in the vicinity of drivers. On a liquid-crystal-side surface of one substrate out of substrates which are arranged to face each other in an opposed manner while sandwiching a liquid crystal therebetween, a switching element which is operated in response to scanning signals from a gate signal line, a pixel electrode to which video signals from a drain signal line are supplied via the switching element, and a reference electrode which generates an electric field between the reference electrode and the pixel electrode are mounted on each pixel region of the liquid-crystal-side surface. The video signals from the drain signal line are generated by a driver chip mounted on one substrate. A light transmittivity of the liquid crystal layer is set to take a minimum value when a voltage is not applied between the pixel electrode and the reference electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates having a polarizer, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates of the pair, a color filter layer sandwiched between one of the substrates of the pair and the liquid crystal layer, a light source for supplying light to the pair of substrates, the liquid crystal layer, and the color filter layer. The color filter layer includes three filters for displaying blue, green and red. The green filter of the three filters selectively includes an absorbing component capable of absorbing a light spectrum within a wavelength range from 400 nm to 500 nm.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device is provided, in which an after image remaining after removing an application of a direct current voltage is suppressed. The active matrix liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric anisotropy and a dopant having a dissociative group.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to propose the structure and constitution of a liquid crystal display device having a protection plate, which prevents exfoliation of black painting at ends of the protection plate when dust on the protection plate of the liquid crystal display device is wiped off, thus preventing degradation of design features.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel having polarizers, and a back light having a light source for illumination of the liquid crystal panel which has a characteristic of spectral transmittance required to satisfy the following equation, x>y>z, when a medium tone display voltage varies in a range between a minimum and maximum voltage for a Blue pixel, where “x” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a longest wavelength in a range of wavelengths designated for blue light, “y” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of the intensity in a range of wavelengths designated for green light, and “z” is a value of the transmittance in the panel at a wavelength corresponding to a maximum value of the intensity in a range of wavelengths designated for red light.

Abstract: A normally-closed liquid crystal display includes a component to selectively absorb characteristic leakage light occurring at black representation. Therefore, when black is displayed, occurrence of unnecessary leakage light due to partial depolarization of polarized light caused by a component of an LCD panel can be suppressed. It is therefore possible to provide a liquid crystal display in which display performance of black is improved to clearly display black.

Abstract: A thin light source unit employs a plurality of light emitting diode chips in multiple colors to generate highly uniform white light at a low cost and with a high light utilization efficiency. The light source unit has light emitting diode chips, lead frames, and a transparent sealer. A plurality of the light emitting diode chips in the same color are connected in series to three or more sets of the lead frames. The light emitting diode chips in at least three different colors are integrally sealed with the transparent sealer. An illuminating apparatus using the light source units, and a display apparatus using the illuminating apparatus are also provided.