Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel including a pair of polarizers, and a back light provided at a back side of said liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel is an active matrix type liquid crystal panel enabling display and has a characteristic of spectral transmittance required to satisfy the following equation, x>y, when a drive voltage is applied thereto so as to vary from a dark state to a light state, in which “x” is a value of the transmittance in the liquid crystal panel at a wavelength which corresponds to one of 490 nm and 500 nm, and “y” is a value of the transmittance in the liquid crystal panel at a wavelength which corresponds to 545 nm.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display for displaying an image to be visible for a viewer, has a liquid crystal, a pair of electrodes for controlling an orientation of at least a part of the liquid crystal in accordance with an electric field between the electrodes, a light source for generating a light to be transmitted through the liquid crystal to the viewer, a pair of first and second polarizer plates, and a band-pass filter. The first polarizer plate is arranged between the liquid crystal and the light source, and the second polarizer plate is arranged between the liquid crystal and the viewer. The band-pass filter absorbs a component of the light, in which a wave-length of the component of the light is no more than 440 nm, and the band-pass filter is arranged between the light source and the viewer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which is capable of reducing the occurrence of defective display due to variations in the initial alignment direction of a liquid crystal alignment control film in a liquid crystal display of an IPS scheme, realizing the stable liquid crystal alignment, providing excellent mass productivity, and having high image quality with a higher contrast ratio. The liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent, and an alignment control film formed between the liquid crystal layer and the substrate. At least one of the alignment control films comprises photoreactive polyimide and/or polyamic acid provided with an alignment control ability by irradiation of substantially linearly polarized light.

Abstract: In order to realize liquid crystal display devices having a wide viewing angle and reduce the absorption loss by polarizers and color filters, and arrangement of reflective color selective means, reflective polarizing selective means, a light control element, and others are specified.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus having first white color light sources and blue and/or red second coloring light sources disposed on a back side of a liquid crystal panel, and an image quality processing calculation circuit for detecting a brightness of input image signals, in accordance with a detection result, controlling intensities of the first white color light sources and/or second coloring light sources and correcting pixel signals to be supplied to the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus including a driver having an active element, an electrode structure mainly applying an electric field which is substantially parallel to a substrate surface to a liquid crystal layer, and at least a part of a portion of a signal wiring which opposes the liquid crystal layer transmits a video signal to the active element and is covered by a conductive material via an insulator. The conductive material is electrically connected with a common electrode as one of electrodes of the electrode structure.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates having a first substrate and a second substrate, at least one of the first and second substrate being transparent, a liquid crystal layer and a color filter layer both provided between the pair of substrates, a plurality of thin film transistors provided on the first substrate and connected to an image signal wiring and a scanning signal wiring, a common electrode and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistors and placed opposite to the common electrode in a pixel region. The common electrode and the pixel electrode are placed in different layers through an interlaminar insulating film in the formed of at least two layers including the color filter layer and an orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is controlled by a voltage applied at least through the interlaminar insulating film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, and pixel electrodes and common electrodes and active elements being arranged on at least one substrate between the pair of substrates. The liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer is controlled to perform display by applying a voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. An alignment layer is disposed on a surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer of each of the pair of substrates, and the alignment layer is made of an organic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyamic acid group polymers and polyimide ester group polymers having a relative imidization ratio above 60%.

Abstract: The video display apparatus has a light modulation device for forming a picture in accordance with a video signal and a lighting unit for irradiating, on the light modulation device, illumination light necessary to cause it to display the picture. In the apparatus, the lighting unit irradiates the illumination light in sequence of individual plural illumination light source partitive areas, a luminance distribution calculating unit calculates luminance distributions of video signals corresponding to the plural partitive areas to determine illumination light luminance levels of the individual partitive areas, an illumination controller controls rays of the illumination light of individual areas of the lighting unit on the basis of determination by the luminance distribution calculating unit, and a video corrector corrects the video signal inputted to the light modulation device on the basis of the determination by the luminance distribution calculating unit.

Abstract: A normally-closed liquid crystal display includes a component to selectively absorb characteristic leakage light occurring at black representation. Therefore, when black is displayed, occurrence of unnecessary leakage light due to partial depolarization of polarized light caused by a component of an LCD panel can be suppressed. It is therefore possible to provide a liquid crystal display in which display performance of black is improved to clearly display black.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display for displaying an image to be visible for a viewer, has a liquid crystal, a pair of electrodes for controlling an orientation of at least a part of the liquid crystal in accordance with an electric field between the electrodes, a light source for generating a light to be transmitted through the liquid crystal to the viewer, a pair of first and second polarizer plates, and a band-pass filter. The first polarizer plate is arranged between the liquid crystal and the light source, and the second polarizer plate is arranged between the liquid crystal and the viewer. The band-pass filter absorbs a component of the light, in which a wave-length of the component of the light is no more than 440 nm, and the band-pass filter is arranged between the light source and the viewer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of low power consumption which exhibits high image quality is realized. To each liquid-crystal-side pixel region of one substrate out of respective substrates which are arranged while sandwiching liquid crystal therebetween, a first switching element and a second switching element which are operated in response to a scanning signal from a gate signal line, a pixel electrode to which a video signal is supplied from the drain signal line through the first switching element, and a counter electrode to which a reference voltage signal is supplied from a reference voltage signal line through the second switching element, and the pixel electrode and the counter electrode are respectively formed of strip-like transparent conductive layers and are substantially alternately arranged in the inside of the pixel region.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus having a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer between the substrates, an orientation film a scanning signal electrode, an image signal electrode, a pixel electrode and an active device. Each of the electrodes is arranged so as to apply an electric field, mainly parallel to the substrates. At least one of the electrodes is disposed between at least two dielectric layers disposed above and below the at least one of the electrodes. The resistivity of the liquid crystal layer is set at a value sufficient to substantially prevent disturbance of the orientation of the liquid crystal layer due to static electricity.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display for displaying an image to be visible for a viewer, has a liquid crystal, a pair of electrodes for controlling an orientation of at least a part of the liquid crystal in accordance with an electric field between the electrodes, a light source for generating a light to be transmitted through the liquid crystal to the viewer, a pair of first and second polarizer plates, the first polarizer plate being arranged between the liquid crystal and the light source, and the second polarizer plate being arranged between the liquid crystal and the viewer, and a band-pass filter for absorbing a component of the light, a wave-length of which component is not more than 440 nm, and the band-pass filter being arranged between the light source and the viewer.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation film, a scanning signal electrode, an image signal electrode, a pixel electrode and an active device, each provided between the liquid crystal layer and one substrate, and a polarizer provided on the outer sides of the substrates, for changing an optical characteristic according to an orientation state of the liquid crystal layer. The electrodes are arranged so as to apply an electric field, mainly parallel to the substrates. At least one of the electrodes is disposed between at least two dielectric layers disposed above and below the at least one of the electrodes, and the resistivity of the liquid crystal layer is set at a value sufficient to substantially prevent disturbance of the orientation of the liquid crystal layer due to static electricity.

Abstract: An in-plane switching active-matrix liquid crystal display device includes an alignment layer which is a photo-reactive material layer disposed between a liquid crystal layer and at least one of a pair of substrates of the display device. The display device includes at least one of (a) a tilt angle of 3° or less, (b) an extrapolation length of at least 10% of a gap between the pair of substrates, (c) a torsional anchoring coefficient A2 of an alignment layer surface for liquid crystal molecules at an inner face of the liquid crystal layer and the alignment layer which is not greater than 20 ?N/m, and (d) the alignment layer is obtained by using as an acid moiety an acid hydride except for benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates; an electrode structure formed on one of the pair of substrates for generating an electric field in said liquid crystal layer, the electrode structure including at least one common electrode and at least one pixel electrode; a gate insulating film formed on the one common electrode; an insulation layer formed on the gate insulating film; and an orientation film formed on the insulation layer. The gate insulating film, the insulation layer and the orientation film have a combined thickness which is no greater than a predetermined thickness.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display device, having a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, a light reflector section provided between the liquid crystal layer and one of the pair of substrates, and a polymeric medium layer with fine silver particles precipitated on the surface, as formed at the light reflector section. The reflection-type liquid crystal display is produced by the steps of: applying a mixture containing monovalent silver and a photosensitive polymeric medium; exposing the mixture to light, thereby photolithographically forming a light reflector layer of desired pattern; heating the light reflector layer under a predetermined temperature condition, thereby precipitating fine silver particles on the surface of the light reflector layer; and confronting a transparent substrate with the light reflector layer-formed substrate, and sandwiching a liquid crystal layer between the substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus having a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates. One of the pair of substrates has an electrode structure including a plurality of pixel electrodes and a plurality of common electrodes, an inorganic film is formed on a surface of at least one of the plurality of pixel electrodes and the plurality of common electrodes, an organic polymer film is formed on the inorganic film and the liquid crystal layer is in direct contact with the organic polymer film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composite material for use in a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal display device having a pair of substrates with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and an electrode structure for generating an electric field having a component predominantly in parallel with one of said pair of substrates. The liquid crystal composite material includes a liquid chemical compound represented by a general chemical formula (I) In the formula (I), X1, X2 and X3 are selected from a group consisting of fluoro group, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, trifluoromethoxyl group, nitro group and hydrogen atom and not all three X1, X2 and X3 being a hydrogen group. Further, R is selected from a group consisting of alkyl group and alkoxyl group having the carbon number 1 to 10 which can be substituted, and ring A is selected from a group consisting of cyclohexane ring, benzene ring, dioxane ring, pyrimidine ring, and [2,2,2]-bicyclohexane ring.