Abstract: In bonding bumps formed on a chip to electrodes formed on a substrate in a purge gas atmosphere, purge gas is supplied locally at least around the bumps, with the substrate and the chip separated from each other. According to the method and apparatus for chip mounting, the concentration of purge gas can be increased locally around the bumps where the isolation from the air is required, so that the bumps are protected effectively from secondary oxidation.

Abstract: A masking member is provided that can be used repeatedly even for surface treatments at a high temperature. The masking member includes a plastic produced by polymerization using a metallocene compound as a catalyst or a polymer alloy containing such a plastic.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector includes a light source, a color filter for adding color projection image, a liquid crystal panel for forming a projection image on it, a projection lens and an optical unit located between the color filter and the liquid crystal panel for optically coupling the color filter and the liquid crystal panel. The color filter is separately located from the liquid crystal, and therefore the increase in temperature on the color filter because of absorbing the light from the light source has less effect on the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp comprises a flat glass container formed by a front glass panel, a rear glass panel and glass frames, a phosphor coating formed along the inner surface of the front glass panel, an anode disposed in the vicinity of the phosphor coating, a plurality of linear cathodes arranged in parallel to the anode and supported by support members, and at least one mesh electrode disposed between the anode and the cathodes The intensity of light of the lamp is adjusted by applying a pulse voltage to the mesh electrode.

Abstract: In a flat display having data-side address electrodes and scanning-side address electrodes arranged in the form of an XY matrix on the respective surfaces of a board, an apparatus for and a method of driving the electrodes by applying a horizontal scanning signal to the scanning-side electrodes successively, applying an image signal to every other data-side address electrode, applying a correction voltage signal of a specified fixed voltage value to the electrodes on opposite sides of each address electrode receiving the image signal, and alternately applying the image signal and the correction signal as replaced by each other to the data-side address electrodes for every scan.

Abstract: A flat display includes a front panel having a fluorescent screen on its rear side, a rear panel defining a flat space with the front panel, linear filament cathodes arranged close to the rear panel, and an address electrode plate having a multiplicity of apertures and disposed close to the front panel. The rear panel is formed on its inner surface with spacer ridges each extending on each side of each filament cathode therealong and having a height to reach the address electrode plate. The spacer ridges give the flat display improved strength against pressure.

Abstract: In a flat fluorescent lamp for serving as a back light of liquid crystal panels for use in display devices, upper and lower glass plates are respectively coated with fluorescent film on its inner surface and arranged in parallel to each other, a glass side wall is disposed along the peripheral edges of the upper and lower glass plates in order to form a hermetic discharge space between the upper and lower glass plates, a pair of discharge electrodes are arranged in parallel within the discharge space and opposed to each other, at least one reinforcing glass member having a height approximately equal to the distance between the upper and lower glass plates and for supporting the upper and lower glass plates is disposed between the electrodes, and the upper glass plate is formed at its inner surface with an uncoated portion having no fluorescent film at the position where the upper glass plate is opposed to the reinforcing glass member in contact therewith.

Abstract: A photodetector including a planar light guide of a polygonal shape in which organic phosphor is dispersed in a transparent support material, and a pair of photoelectric conversion elements such that light having a wavelength range for exciting the organic phosphor is introduced into the light guide and light generated from the organic phosphor upon the excitation is guided to the photoelectric conversion elements sensitive to a wavelength of the light generated from the organic phosphor. The light guide is formed, at opposite end portions of its one side, with a pair of light emitting surfaces and the photoelectric conversion elements are, respectively, provided at the light emitting end surfaces such that a light receiving surface of each of the photoelectric conversion elements confronts each of the light emitting end surfaces.

Abstract: In a flat luminescent lamp fitted to an under surface of the liquid crystalline TV display panel to backlight its image, a pair of the electrode plates 14 of cold cathode type are opposingly positioned in the cavity. The electrode plate has a concave cross section, auxiliary electrodes on each electrode plate project toward the other electrode plate from both terminations and has a lead plate projecting outwardly in the same direction as the extract tube of the lamp.

Abstract: In an endoscope for displaying an image of an object on a monitor screen, a static induction transistor (SIT) image sensor having a number of light receiving elements is arranged at a light emitting side of an image guide bundle. In order to eliminate dead spots appearing in the displayed image due to broken fibers in the image guide bundle, pixel signals of light receiving elements corresponding to the dead spots are formed by interpolation with the aid of pixel signals derived from light receiving elements adjacent to the relevant light receiving elements to be interpolated. As an interpolation function, for example, an average of the pixel signals derived from the adjacent light receiving elements is used. The addresses of the light receiving elements corresponding to the dead spots are stored previously in a PROM during a manufacturing stage. In this manner, the interpolated image of the object having an excellent image quality can be displayed on the monitor.