Abstract: A control method for an electric vehicle using a motor as a traveling drive source to decelerate by a regenerative braking force of the motor, including: obtaining an accelerator operation amount; estimating a disturbance torque acting on a vehicle body of the electric vehicle; obtaining an angular velocity of a rotating body that correlates to a rotation speed of a drive shaft which drives the electric vehicle; calculating a first torque command value based on the accelerator operation amount; setting the first torque command value to a torque command value; controlling a torque generated in the motor based on the torque command value; setting a target stop position at the time of stopping the electric vehicle; calculating a target angular velocity of the rotating body according to a distance from the electric vehicle to the target stop position; calculating a second torque command value for stopping the electric vehicle at the target stop position based on a difference between the target angular velocity an

Abstract: A primary controller operates to transmit write data and a write time to a secondary controller in the earlier sequence of the write times after reporting a completion of a request for write to a processing unit. The secondary controller stores the write data and the write time transmitted from the primary controller in the cache memory. At a time, the secondary controller stores the write data in a disk unit in the earlier sequence of the write time. These operations make it possible to guarantee all the write data on or before the reference time.

Abstract: A variable valve lift device of an internal combustion engine having a first link arm rotatably supported at a fixed position of an engine body rotatably connected to a rocker arm, and a movable support shaft rotatably supporting one end portion of a second link arm of which an other end portion rotatably connected to the rocker arm is connected to a crank member formed in a crank shape having crank webs sandwiching the second link arm from opposite sides and a connecting part integrally joining both the crank webs at a position where interference with the second link arm is avoided. The crank member is rotationally driven with a drive device and an amount of lift of an engine valve is continuously changed, in addition to which, torsional rigidity of the crank member is ensured while ensuring assembly workability of the second link arm to the crank member, and reduction in size is made possible.

Abstract: A rocker arm (63) is provided with a valve connecting portion (63a) into which tappet screws (70) abutting against a pair of engine valves (19) are screwed so that their advance/retract positions can be adjusted, and the rocker arm (63) has a cam abutting portion (65) which abuts against a valve operating cam (69) and is interlocked and connected to the engine valves (19). The rocker arm (63) turnably connects to one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported at a fixed position of an engine body and to one end of a second link arm turnably supported by a displaceable movable support shaft (68a). The rocker arm (63) is formed so that the valve connecting portion (63a) has a larger width in a direction along a rotating axis of the valve operating cam (69) than in the remaining part. This enables the lift amount of the engine valves to be continuously varied. It is also possible to reduce the size of the system, while ensuring follow-up ability of the opening/closing operations.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided in which one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported at a fixed position of an engine body and the other end of a second link arm (62) turnably supported by a displaceable movable shaft (68a) are turnably connected to a rocker arm (63) which has a cam abutting portion (65) abutting against a valve operating cam (69) and is interlocked and connected so as to apply a force in a valve opening direction to an engine valve (19) biased by a valve spring (24) in a valve closing direction. A rocker arm biasing spring (54) which is different from the valve spring (24) biases the rocker arm (63) in a direction in which the cam abutting portion (65) abuts against the valve operating cam (69). This ensures follow-up ability of the opening/closing operations and enables a reduction in the size of the system, while allowing the lift amount of the engine valve to vary continuously.

Abstract: In an engine having a cylinder head which forms a portion of an engine body and is provided with an intake valve operated for opening and closing operations by an intake valve operating device having an intake camshaft and an exhaust valve driven for opening and closing operations by an exhaust valve operating device having an exhaust camshaft, the intake camshaft (30) is placed higher in position than the exhaust camshaft (35) by increasing the distance between the intake camshaft (30) and a combustion chamber (17) along a cylinder axis (C) of the engine body (11) relative to that between the exhaust camshaft (35) and the combustion chamber (17). Lubricating oil is thereby enabled to be easily used for exhaust valve operating device after being used for lubrication and cooling of the intake valve operating device, thus achieving efficient lubrication and cooling of the exhaust valve operating device.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided in which a rocker arm (63) linked and connected to an engine valve (19) and has a cam-abutting portion (65) to abut a valve operating cam (69) is turnably connected, via first and second connecting shafts (64, 66), to one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported on an engine body (10) and one end of a second link arm (62) turnably supported by a displaceable movable shaft (68a). Also, oil supply means (58) which supply oil to the upper connecting shaft (64) of first and second connecting shafts (64, 66) are fixed to the engine body (10). This makes it possible to implement an engine valve operating system which is compact in size, ensures follow-up ability of the valve opening/closing operation, has a simple lubricating structure with a reduced number of parts, and ensures smooth valve operation while allowing the lift amount of the engine valve to be varied continuously.

Abstract: A variable valve lift device of an internal combustion engine is provided in which a first link arm (58) rotatably supported at a fixed position of an engine body is rotatably connected to a rocker arm (31), and a movable support shaft (60) rotatably supporting one end portion of a second link arm (59) of which other end portion rotatably connected to the rocker arm (31) is connected to a crank member (61) formed in a crank shape having crank webs (61a) sandwiching the second link arm (59) from opposite sides, and a connecting part (61c) integrally joining both the crank webs (61a) at a position where interference with the second link arm (59) is avoided. The crank member (61) is rotationally driven with drive means. Thus, an amount of lift of an engine valve is continuously changed, in addition to which, torsional rigidity of the crank member is ensured while ensuring assembly workability of the second link arm to the crank member, and reduction in size is made possible.

Abstract: In an engine in which a lift amount of a valve can be changed continuously, an engine valve operating system including a valve lift-changing mechanism is capable of increasing and decreasing the lift amount of the valve without changing an opening angle for the valve and capable of decreasing a tappet clearance in accordance with a decrease in lift amount of the valve. Thus, it is possible to prevent the ratio of the tappet clearance to the lift amount at a low valve lift from being increased to minimize the influence of the dispersion of the tappet clearance and to reduce the seating speed of the valve at the low valve lift to prevent the generation of a noise. It is also possible to prevent a reduction in performance of the engine at a high valve lift due to the dispersion of the tappet clearance and to decrease the seating noise of the valve at the low valve lift.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided in which one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported at a fixed position of an engine body and the other end of a second link arm (62) turnably supported by a displaceable movable shaft (68a) are turnably connected to a rocker arm (63) which has a cam abutting portion (65) abutting against a valve operating cam (69) and is interlocked and connected so as to apply a force in a valve opening direction to an engine valve (19) biased by a valve spring (24) in a valve closing direction. A rocker arm biasing spring (54) which is different from the valve spring (24) biases the rocker arm (63) in a direction in which the cam abutting portion (65) abuts against the valve operating cam (69). This ensures follow-up ability of the opening/closing operations and enables a reduction in the size of the system, while allowing the lift amount of the engine valve to vary continuously.

Abstract: A rocker arm (63) is provided with a valve connecting portion (63a) into which tappet screws (70) abutting against a pair of engine valves (19) are screwed so that their advance/retract positions can be adjusted, and the rocker arm (63) has a cam abutting portion (65) which abuts against a valve operating cam (69) and is interlocked and connected to the engine valves (19). The rocker arm (63) turnably connects to one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported at a fixed position of an engine body and to one end of a second link arm turnably supported by a displaceable movable support shaft (68a). The rocker arm (63) is formed so that the valve connecting portion (63a) has a larger width in a direction along a rotating axis of the valve operating cam (69) than in the remaining part. This enables the lift amount of the engine valves to be continuously varied. It is also possible to reduce the size of the system, while ensuring follow-up ability of the opening/closing operations.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided that includes a variable valve lift mechanism in which, when there is a possibility that the rotational speed of the engine might increase beyond an allowed rotational speed due to a downshift error in a manual transmission, etc., the amount of valve lift is decreased without changing the opening angle of the valve (19). By so doing, the curvature at the top of the curve of lift of the valve (19) is reduced, the inertial force applied to the valve (19) is reduced, and improper movement of the valve (19) can be prevented. Moreover, it is possible to prevent any increase in the intake air volume due to a decrease in the amount of lift of the valve (19), and prevent the effectiveness of engine braking from being degraded, thus enabling the rotational speed of the engine to be decreased and thereby preventing improper movement of the valve (19) from being promoted.

Abstract: First and second connecting portions 61a and 62a are arranged in parallel and relatively turnably connected to a rocker arm 36 and a movable support portion 62b of a second link arm 62 is placed nearer to an engine valve 19 than a fixed support portion 61b of a first link arm 61. This makes it possible to decrease the size of a valve operating system and ensure the follow-up ability of the opening/closing operation as well as to vary a lift amount of the engine valve continuously while maintaining the reliability and durability of drive means.

Abstract: A hydraulic tappet including: a bottomed cylindrical body; a plunger slidably fitted in the body; a check valve mounted at one end of the plunger so that the check valve is interposed between a high-pressure chamber and an oil chamber, the high-pressure chamber being formed between a closed end of the body and one end of the plunger, the oil chamber being formed within the plunger; and a return spring mounted between the body and the plunger to bias the plunger in a direction to increase the volume of the high-pressure chamber. The return spring is disposed outwardly of the body. Thus, it is possible to decrease the volume of the high-pressure chamber to provide a reduction in size of the hydraulic tappet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microwave chemical reaction apparatus characterized by comprising a means for heating a reaction liquid, which is capable of irradiating microwaves while controlling the output power according to the temperature of the reaction liquid, together with a means for forcibly cooling the reaction liquid from the outside, and being capable of precisely controlling the reaction temperature. The microwave chemical reaction apparatus can control the reaction temperature precisely, for example, within ±1° C. of a predetermined temperature, and can be applied to fine chemical reactions. Further, since reactions proceed rapidly in such an apparatus, mass production can be achieved by a relatively small-sized reaction apparatus.

Abstract: An engine valve operating system is provided in which a rocker arm (63) linked and connected to an engine valve (19) and has a cam-abutting portion (65) to abut a valve operating cam (69) is turnably connected, via first and second connecting shafts (64, 66), to one end of a first link arm (61) turnably supported on an engine body (10) and one end of a second link arm (62) turnably supported by a displaceable movable shaft (68a). Also, oil supply means (58) which supply oil to the upper connecting shaft (64) of first and second connecting shafts (64, 66) are fixed to the engine body (10). This makes it possible to implement an engine valve operating system which is compact in size, ensures follow-up ability of the valve opening/closing operation, has a simple lubricating structure with a reduced number of parts, and ensures smooth valve operation while allowing the lift amount of the engine valve to be varied continuously.

Abstract: In an engine having a cylinder head which forms a portion of an engine body and is provided with an intake valve operated for opening and closing operations by an intake valve operating device having an intake camshaft and an exhaust valve driven for opening and closing operations by an exhaust valve operating device having an exhaust camshaft, the intake camshaft (30) is placed higher in position than the exhaust camshaft (35) by increasing the distance between the intake camshaft (30) and a combustion chamber (17) along a cylinder axis (C) of the engine body (11) relative to that between the exhaust camshaft (35) and the combustion chamber (17). Lubricating oil is thereby enabled to be easily used for exhaust valve operating device after being used for lubrication and cooling of the intake valve operating device, thus achieving efficient lubrication and cooling of the exhaust valve operating device.

Abstract: Two data centers located in the vicinity are connected using a synchronous transfer copy function, and one of the data centers is coupled with a third data center disposed at a remote location by an asynchronous remote copying function. The order whereat a storage sub-system located in the vicinity has received data from a host is consistently guaranteed, and the third data center holds the data. Further, each storage sub-system includes a function whereby, during normal operation, data can be exchanged and the data update state can be obtained by the storage sub-systems located in the two data centers that do not directly engage in data transmission.

Abstract: First and second connecting portions 61a and 62a are arranged in parallel and relatively turnably connected to a rocker arm 36 and a movable support portion 62b of a second link arm 62 is placed nearer to an engine valve 19 than a fixed support portion 61b of a first link arm 61. This makes it possible to decrease the size of a valve operating system and ensure the follow-up ability of the opening/closing operation as well as to vary a lift amount of the engine valve continuously while maintaining the reliability and durability of drive means.

Abstract: In a data processing system in which main and sub disk storage devices are under the control of individual each disk control devices, the write processing time is reduced by selectively sending data according to the command-chaining time between main and sub disk control devices. A section for judging cable length and function of the sub disk control device 36 estimates command-chaining time between a pair of main and sub disk storage devices. The channel command analyzing section 31 estimates the number of records to be transferred and the length of a record using a LOCATE RECORD command. The command judgment section for the sub disk control device 32 optimizes the command-chain to be issued to the sub disk control device using the above-mentioned information. Then, the section for issuing command to the sub disk control device 35 issues the optimized command chain. Thus, a shorter transmission time is realized by either sending individual records or an entire track of data.