Abstract: A sampling streak tube in which the signal-to-noise ratio is reduced. The tube includes a photocathode to which an incident light beam is applied and an accelerating electrode for accelerating an electron beam emitted by the photocathode the accelerating electrode being in the form of a plate with an opening through which the beam passes. The accelerated beam is passed through deflecting electrodes for deflecting the electron beam. The deflected beam crosses a slit in a sampling electrode, a sampled beam portion passing through the slit and impinging on a phosphor screen.

Abstract: The X-ray image microscope according to this invention comprises an X-ray absorption imaging unit having a glazing incidence mirror, and an electron imaging unit having an electron lens connected to the X-ray absorption imaging unit. A thin support film is provided on the boundary between the X-ray absorption imaging unit and the electron imaging unit. On the support film is formed a photocathode screen which emits photoelectrons in response to an incident X-ray. The X-ray absorption image of an X-ray which has penetrated a specimen, e.g. a living cell, is magnified by the X-ray imaging unit, and the electron image corresponding to the X-ray image is magnified by an electron lens. The magnified electron image is converted into a light image by a phosphor screen, and the light image is caught by a TV camera. In this way biological materials can be observed, magnified in their living states.

Abstract: A streak tube comprising a photocathode for converting an optical image into a photoelectron beam, accelerating means for accelerating the photoelectron beam, deflecting means for deflecting the accelerated photoelectron means, focusing means for focusing the deflected photoelectron beam and a phosphor screen for receiving the focused photoelectron beam and forming a streak image corresponding to the optical image. The photoelectron beam emitted from the photocathode is deflected immediately after accelerated by the accelerating means, and subsequently is focused on the phosphor screen, to thereby eliminate the spread of the photoelectron beam on the phosphor screen upon sweeping of the photoelectron beam.

Abstract: An alpha-ray image detecting apparatus detects the image of alpha-rays emitted from nuclides of a substance by analyzing the electrons emitted from the substance. The apparatus includes a vacuum chamber having a layer of fluorescent material at one end and an electronic optical system for multiplying the emitted electrons and focusing the emitted electrons on the fluourescent layer.

Abstract: A streak camera having two pairs of orthogonal deflecting electrodes for producing elliptical waveform patterns. The sweep frequency is synchronized with a repetitive light source, and the eccentricity and position of the elliptical waveform can be adjusted such that part of the sweep excites the phosphor output screen and a return portion of the sweep may occur off the phosphor screen.

Abstract: A high time resolution electron microscope unit comprising a beam source for generating an exciting beam; a microscope for exposing the surface of a specimen to be observed to the exciting beam for emitting electrons from the surface; an image formation device for receiving the emitted electrons and for displaying an image representative of variations in the surface of the specimen; a gate mechanism for controlling the flow of emitted electrons from the specimen toward the image formation device; deflecting plates for deflecting the emitted electrons from the gate mechanism onto the image formation device; and a drive circuit for synchronizing the operation of the gate mechanism, the deflecting coil and the beam source.

Abstract: A streak tube comprising an envelope having therein a photocathode surface, a mesh electrode, a focusing electrode, an aperture electrode, a deflection electrode and a phosphor screen positioned along the longitudinal axis of the envelope in the given order. The axis connects the photocathode surface and the phosphor screen which face each other. The photocathode is formed on a concave surface at one end of the envelope, the distance between the photocathode surface and the mesh electrode being greatest at the axis of the envelope and gradually decreasing toward its periphery. Electrons emitted from any position on the photocathode surface at a given instant enter simultaneously into the deflection field formed by the deflection electrode.

Abstract: A streak tube device for electrically slitting the image of an object provided by an optical system. The streak tube device includes a streak tube body having a photoelectric conversion device for receiving the object image and producing a corresponding electron image. The streak tube device further includes focusing apparatus for focusing the electron image, electrical slitting apparatus for transmitting a selected portion, that is, slit images of the electron image, apparatus for controlling the electrical slitting apparatus, and focusing apparatus for focusing slit images on a fluorescent surface included within the streak tube body. The electrical slitting apparatus of the streak tube device includes a slit member having a slit which extends across the streak tube body, shift electrodes for vertically shifting the transmitted electron image, and a circular collimator for collimating the shifted electron image and transmitting the collimated electron image through the slit to form a slit image.

Abstract: An imaging tube for amplifying and observing a diminished light image and a streaking tube for analyzing the light intensity distributions of light sources with elapsing of time. In order to avoid adhesion of alkali metal to the micro-channel-plate in fabrication of the imaging tube and to avoid adhesion of alkali metal to the deflection electrode in the streaking tube, a separation wall and a lid movable on the separation wall are used.

Abstract: Electronic high-speed frame pick-up cameras for instantaneously or successively picking up an image of an object being observed while the structure and birghtness thereof are being changed at high speed. Each camera of this type consists of a first electron lens to reforming the photoelectronic image formed on the photoelectric layer, deflection means arranged so that the re-formed image of the photoelectronic image is located at the deflection center thereof, a singularity or plurality of second electron lenses arranged so that the electron beam deflected by the deflection means can be received thereby, a singularity or plurality of phosphor layers arranged to receive the electron beam sent from the second electron lens(es), a lens drive circuit to supply power to the first and second electron lenses, and a deflection means drive circuit to supply power to the deflection means.

Abstract: A synchronous scan streaking device comprising a photoelectric layer, an electronic lens, an anode with an aperture, a pair of deflection electrodes, and a phosphor layer arranged in order within a vacuum envelope. A deflection voltage at the same frequency as the repetition rate of the light pulses incident on the phosphor layer to be measured is fed from deflection voltage generation means to the deflection electrodes so as to repetitively generate an enhanced image of the incident light on the phosphor layer. At least one shielding metal structure which is connected to the common potential source is arranged in the space between the deflection electrode plate and the wall of the envelope, and surrounding a deflection electrode plate lead provided to connect the deflection electrode plate through the envelope to the deflection voltage generation means.

Abstract: An imaging tube for amplifying and observing a diminished light image and a streaking tube for analyzing the light intensity distributions of light sources with elapsing of time. In order to avoid adhesion of alkali metal to the micro-channel-plate in fabrication of the imaging tube and to avoid adhesion of alkali metal to the deflection electrode in the streaking tube, a separation wall and a lid movable on the separation wall are used.