Abstract: Transparent conductive coatings excellent in transparency are provided on substrates such as glass, plastics, etc. by the use of conductive coating materials obtained by maintaining aqueous solutions of hydrolyzable tin containing or indium containing compounds at pH of 8-12, and gradually hydrolyzing said compounds in the solutions to form sols containing colloidal particles, followed by drying and calcining.

Abstract: An asynchroonous interface device changes the serial data format of the video signal output of a computer intended for display on a cathode ray tube (CRT), to a video signal having parallel data format for a liquid crystal display (LCD). The device includes a read/write control circuit which responds to a clock signal corresponding to the synchronizing signal of the serial signal and to an asynchronous clock signal. Data signals which were removed from the serial signal and temporarily stored in memory are read out as parallel data signals at the next read cycle when read address counter is counted.