Abstract: Provided is a monitoring system that can find abnormality in a device that supports a vehicle body of a railway vehicle during running at an early stage. The monitoring system for the railway vehicle includes a detector and a determiner. The detector detects a pressure A1 of a first air spring, a pressure A2 of a second air spring, a pressure A3 of a third air spring, and a pressure A4 of a fourth air spring of the railway vehicle during running. The first, second, third, and fourth air springs are respectively disposed on right front, left front, right rear, and left rear sides in a running direction of the railway vehicle. The determiner determines abnormality from a relation between a magnitude of diagonal imbalance P obtained from a formula (1) or (2) below and a mileage or elapsed time of the railway vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a constant monitoring system for a railway vehicle that is monitorable of a dimensional change of a railroad truck during running. The present disclosure is the constant monitoring system for the railway vehicle that includes a sensor and a calculator. The sensor detects passage therethrough of wheels included in the railroad truck of the railway vehicle. The calculator calculates an inter-axle distance between two axles of the railroad truck based on a detection result obtained from the sensor. The sensor includes two displacement sensors of non-contact type that detect the passage of the wheels from respective different locations.

Abstract: Provided is a monitoring system that can find abnormality in a device that supports a vehicle body of a railway vehicle during running at an early stage. The monitoring system for the railway vehicle includes a detector and a determiner. The detector detects a pressure A1 of a first air spring, a pressure A2 of a second air spring, a pressure A3 of a third air spring, and a pressure A4 of a fourth air spring of the railway vehicle during running. The first, second, third, and fourth air springs are respectively disposed on right front, left front, right rear, and left rear sides in a running direction of the railway vehicle. The determiner determines abnormality from a relation between a magnitude of diagonal imbalance P obtained from a formula (1) or (2) below and a mileage or elapsed time of the railway vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus according to the present invention includes vapor production determining means for determining whether or not the vapor of the fuel is producible, and control means (ECU) for operating a passage resistance adjusting means of a pressure adjusting mechanism to cause increase of the pressure of the fuel supplied to an injector insomuch as the production of the vapor is inhibited when the vapor production determining means has determined a vapor producible condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for enhancing a foam retention property of a beverage, and in addition a method for stably retaining foam in a beverage, the foam obtained by shaking the beverage, by enhancing the foam retention property. The present invention is implemented by preparing a beverage by using a fermentation-derived cellulose as a raw material thereof, more preferably by preparing a beverage by using a fermentation-derived cellulose in a state of complex with a high molecular substance.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to inhibit production of vapor within fuel when an engine is at a high temperature and to inhibit change of amount of the fuel injected from an injector. A fuel supply apparatus according to the present invention includes vapor production determining means (3) for determining whether or not the vapor of the fuel is producible, and control means (ECU) for operating a passage resistance adjusting means (47) of a pressure adjusting mechanism (40) to cause increase of the pressure of the fuel supplied to an injector (5) insomuch as the production of the vapor is inhibited when the vapor production determining means (3) has determined a vapor producible condition.

Abstract: A regulator circuit is provided which suppresses a variation in output voltage upon occurrence of a variation in input voltage or output current without any increase in steady-state power consumption.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor wafer capable of manufacturing a wafer without ring-like sag in an outer peripheral portion thereof when polishing an alkali etched wafer, and a wafer without the ring-like sag in an outer peripheral portion thereof. The present invention comprises: a back surface part polishing and edge polishing step for performing back surface part polishing and edge polishing such that mirror polishing is performed on a chamfered portion and an inner part extending inward from a boundary between the chamfered portion and a back surface of a starting wafer; and a front surface polishing step for mirror polishing a front surface of the wafer subjected to the back surface part polishing and edge polishing step holding the wafer by the back surface thereof.

Abstract: A substrate 1 for a photoelectric conversion device includes a first transparent conductive layer 5 formed on at least a part of the surface region of a transparent substrate 3, the first transparent conductive layer 5 having at least an opening portion 7 exposing the substrate 3.

Abstract: An arc welding cable that is resistant to bending and twisting and can give a long life is provided. For this purpose, an arc welding cable (65) for supplying a welding current, a welding wire and a sealed gas from a wire feeding device (61) to a welding torch (64), has a passage (4) for the welding wire (2) and sealed gas is located at a center of the arc welding cable and a plurality of conductors (5) are arranged apart from one another on a circumference around the passage (4). The space between the plurality of conductor (5) may be filled with a cushion material such as cotton or elastic synthetic resin.

Abstract: A regulator circuit is provided which suppresses a variation in output voltage upon occurrence of a variation in input voltage or output current without any increase in steady-state power consumption. The regulator circuit includes a detection circuit and an auxiliary circuit in addition to an error amplifier, an output transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a reference voltage source. The error amplifier, the output transistor, the first resistor, and the second resistor form a typical linear regulator. The detection circuit includes a detecting capacitor, a first transistor, and a gain control resistor, which are serially connected between an input terminal and a ground terminal. A variation in input voltage leads to a change in potential at one end of the detecting capacitor with the input voltage. This causes a transient detecting current to flow, thereby allowing for detecting a voltage variation.

Abstract: An arc welding cable that is resistant to bending and twisting and can give a long life is provided. For this purpose, an arc welding cable (65) for supplying a welding current, a welding wire and a sealed gas from a wire feeding device (61) to a welding torch (64), has a passage (4) for the welding wire (2) and sealed gas is located at a center of the arc welding cable and a plurality of conductors (5) are arranged apart from one another on a circumference around the passage (4). The space between the plurality of conductor (5) may be filled with a cushion material such as cotton or elastic synthetic resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor wafer capable of manufacturing a wafer without ring-like sag in an outer peripheral portion thereof when polishing an alkali etched wafer, and a wafer without the ring-like sag in an outer peripheral portion thereof. The present invention comprises: a back surface part polishing and edge polishing step for performing back surface part polishing and edge polishing such that mirror polishing is performed on a chamfered portion and an inner part extending inward from a boundary between the chamfered portion and a back surface of a starting wafer; and a front surface polishing step for mirror polishing a front surface of the wafer subjected to the back surface part polishing and edge polishing step holding the wafer by the back surface thereof.

Abstract: Throttles (10) include a bore (1b) defined within throttle body (1a). A longitudinal axis defined within the bore serves as a throttle air flow channel. Throttle shaft (3) extends across the air flow channel and is rotatably supported by the throttle body about a rotational axis. Throttle valve (5) is coupled to the throttle shaft and opens and closes the air flow channel by rotating throttle shaft and throttle valve within the bore. The throttle valve extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bore when the throttle valve is disposed in a fully closed position. Clearance (S) is defined between a peripheral edge (5a) of throttle valve and an inner wall of the bore when the throttle valve is in the fully closed position. The peripheral edge of the throttle valve end defines a substantially spherical surface having a radius (R) of curvature with respect to the rotational axis.

Abstract: Supplier-specific data of material items are extracted from data of various material items used for the manufacture of a product. Tabular data having a structure that allows various pieces of environment consideration condition information about the extracted data to be input is created by using general-purpose spreadsheet software. The tabular data is laid out to locate an item whose contents are likely to change at an end of a table so as to minimize a change in data structure in the event of a change in contents of environment consideration condition items. The tabular data is provided to the supplier. Environment consideration condition information about each material item is acquired by using the tabular data containing the environment consideration condition information added to the tabular data on the supplier side.

Abstract: In a PWM motor driving device, the amount of electric power supplied to a motor is controlled by controlling the ON/OFF duty factor of output transistors connected between a power source and the motor. This motor driving device has phase detecting circuits for detecting, among a plurality of phases of the motor, the phase which is currently being driven by the output transistors, and saturation preventing circuits for performing control according to the voltage of the phase detected by the phase detecting circuits in such a way that the output transistors are not saturated. Thus, the output transistors are controlled so as not to be saturated according to the voltage of, among the plurality of phases of the motor, the phase in which the motor is currently being driven by the output transistors.

Abstract: A thermosetting powder coating composition prepared by a wet process, which contains a mixture comprising (a) an epoxy-containing acrylic resin, (b) a polycarboxylic acid compound curing agent, (c) fine crosslinked resin particles and, optionally, (d) a resin that exists in the liquid form at room temperature.

Abstract: Throttles (10) may include a bore (1b) defined within a throttle body (1a). A longitudinal axis is defined within the bore and the bore serves as an air flow channel for the throttle. A throttle shaft (3) may extend across the air flow channel and may be rotatably supported by the throttle body about a rotational axis. A throttle valve (5) may be coupled to the throttle shaft and preferably opens and closes the air flow channel by rotating the throttle shaft and the throttle valve within the bore. The throttle valve may extend perpendicular, or substantially perpendicular, to the longitudinal axis of the bore when the throttle valve is disposed in a fully closed position with respect to the bore. A clearance (S) is defined between a peripheral edge (5a) of the throttle valve and an inner wall of the bore when the throttle valve is disposed in the fully closed position.

Abstract: In a motor driving device, an IC chip of a drive circuit for driving a motor is die-bonded to one island of a leadframe, and a diode chip of a protection diode for preventing the drive circuit from being destroyed when supplied power is connected to the IC chip with reverse polarities is die-bonded to another island of the leadframe. The supplied-power pad of the IC chip is wire-bonded to the second island, which serves as the cathode electrode of the diode chip.

Abstract: An air-fuel mixture control device 12 controlling a combustible air-fuel mixture to be supplied to a combustion chamber 19 of an engine 11. This device 12 is constructed of an injector 35 used for fuel supply, a fuel pump, a fuel filter, a fuel pressure regulator, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 64, which are united as an assembly with respect to a throttle body 26 including an intake passage 24 and a throttle valve 25. A memory incorporated in the ECU 64 stores a correction value with respect to the fuel injection quantity dispersion preliminarily experimentally determined on an assembly-by-assembly basis. The ECU 64 corrects the fuel injection quantity based on the correction value stored in the memory to control the fuel injection quantity.