Abstract: At least a solid-state imaging device and one or a plurality of bare ICs that are disposed on the back face or on the back face side of the solid-state imaging apparatus and serve as peripheral circuits are provided. The bare ICs are sealed by a resin. A circuit board may be interposed between the solid-state imaging device and the bare ICs, or the solid-state imaging device and the ICs are directly bonded together. According to another aspect, IC chips and other parts as peripheral circuits of a solid-state imaging device are disposed on the inner surface, mainly the ceiling surface, of a light-shielding case.

Abstract: The invention provides an image processing apparatus and an image processing method. An area to which image data belongs is discriminated, and a correction coefficient to be used for correction of a pixel value of the image data is produced based on a result of the discrimination. Then, the pixel value of the image data is corrected with the correction coefficient. The relationship in magnitude among pixel values in the same area is maintained because the same coefficient is used, but pixel values which belong to different areas can be varied or even reversed. This allows the gradation of an entire image to be corrected while preventing partial deterioration of the contrast.

Abstract: A polysaccharide useful as an ingredient of a food containing psyllium is disclosed. The increase of viscosity resulting from hydrated psyllium can be reduced by the present polysaccharides without adversely affecting the physiologically beneficial effects of psyllium. The present invention also provides a food product containing the psyllium viscosity-reducing polysaccharide and psyllium, and a method of manufacturing the same, characterized by having excellent handling properties and favorable palatability, even if the method includes a step of heating the psyllium, especially in a hydrated form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and an image processing method, and it is applicable to a variety of kinds of image processing apparatus such as television receivers, video tape recorders, television cameras, printers, etc., and it makes it possible to correct the gradation of an image avoiding the lowering of partial contrast effectively. In this case, an excessive emphasis of an outline can be avoided.

Abstract: The invention provides an image processing apparatus and an image processing method and can be applied to an image information apparatus such as, for example, a television receiver, a video tape recorder, a television camera and a printer so that the gradation can be corrected while effectively preventing a finally obtained image from partial deterioration of the contrast. An area to which each of image data belongs is discriminated with reference to, for example, a low frequency component of a pixel value, and a correction coefficient is produced for the area. Such correction coefficients are smoothed between successive frames, and the pixel values of the image data are corrected with the smoothed correction coefficients.

Abstract: A conductive material such as silver is charged in a via hole of an insulative substrate made of low-temperature-sintered ceramic. A lower electrode, a dielectric layer, and an upper electrode are formed in a thin film on the insulative substrate. Thus a thin-film capacitor element is formed in which the capacitance value of the capacitor is specified by the overlapping part of the lower electrode and the upper electrode opposed through the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is shaped like a ring with the via hole (conductive material) as the center and the part exposed inward from the inner periphery of the dielectric layer is served as a lead section of the lower electrode. The lead section is connected to a ground electrode on the back of the insulative substrate through the conductive material.

Abstract: A device and a method for image processing make it possible to significantly improve the contrast and the sharpness of the whole image, in comparison with the ordinary. By amplifying the portions other than the edges, while conserving the edges with the pixel values which change abruptly out of input image data, it is possible to enhance and display the portions other than the edges, and so it is possible to significantly improve the contrast and the sharpness of the whole image, in comparison with the ordinary.

Abstract: An input signal is accurately separated into a component in which a change in signal level is sharp and having a large edge, and the other components.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface mounting type electronic circuit unit that is suitable for miniaturization and is suitable for simple output adjustment. Circuit elements including capacitors, resistors, and inductance elements and a conducting pattern connected to the circuit elements are formed on an alumina substrate by means of thin film forming technique, and a diode D1 and a semiconductor chip of a transistor are fixed to a connection land of the conducting pattern by means of wire bonding, wherein only the emitter resistor out of the base bias voltage dividing resistors and the emitter resistor of the transistor is trimmed for output adjustment.

Abstract: In a surface-mounting-type electronic-circuit unit, circuit elements, including capacitors, resistors, and inductive devices, and electrically conductive patterns connected to the circuit elements are formed on an alumina board as thin films. Semiconductor bare chips for a diode and a transistor are wire-bonded to connection lands in electrically conductive patterns. And end-face electrodes connected to grounding electrodes, input electrodes, and output electrodes of electrically conductive patterns are formed at side faces of the alumina board.

Abstract: A polysaccharide useful as an ingredient of a food containing psyllium is disclosed. The increase of viscosity resulting from hydrated psyllium can be reduced by the present polysaccharides without adversely affecting the physiologically beneficial effects of psyllium. The present invention also provides a food product containing the psyllium viscosity-reducing polysaccharide and psyllium, and a method of manufacturing the same, characterized by having excellent handling properties and favorable palatability, even if the method includes a step of heating the psyllium, especially in a hydrated form.

Abstract: An oscillator includes an oscillation circuit unit and an amplification circuit unit of the common-base type. The oscillation circuit unit includes an oscillation transistor and a resonance circuit, the collector of the oscillation transistor being grounded via a first capacitor. The amplification circuit unit includes an amplification transistor, the emitter thereof being directly connected to the collector of the oscillation transistor and the base thereof being grounded via a second capacitor. The resonance circuit is connected between the base of the oscillation transistor and the ground. An oscillation signal output from the collector of the oscillation transistor is input to the emitter of the amplification transistor while partially being bypassed to the ground via the first capacitor. Negative feedback is provided to the amplification transistor in association with the second capacitor.

Abstract: Thin film circuit elements including capacitors, resistors, and inductance elements are formed on a large substrate, and semiconductor chips are wire bonded to the substrate. The elements and chips are sealed by potting a sealing resin. The large substrate is divided into multiple stripe substrates by dicing and a thin-film conductive layer is sputtered on cut surfaces of the stripe substrates, thereby electrically connecting edges of lower conductive patterns to edges of upper conductive patterns exposed from side surfaces of the sealing resin through the thin-film conductive layer. A Ni foundation layer and Au layer are successively plated on a surface of the thin-film conductive layer to form edge electrodes on side surfaces of the stripe substrates and the stripe substrates are divided finely into individual alumina substrates.

Abstract: By the use of an epsilon filter, in the case where a plurality of different illuminations exist, a boundary between the illuminations can be appropriately extracted, and an unnatural image pattern can be prevented from being generated, therefore subjectively preferable compression of a dynamic range can be achieved. An edge strength G(x, y) is calculated per position on an input image, and a threshold E(x, y) of an epsilon filter (12) is controlled on the basis of the edge strength G(x, y). The epsilon filter (12) filters the input image on the basis of the controlled threshold E(x, y). On the basis of the edge strength G(x, y), the threshold E of the epsilon filter (12) is adaptively changed according to a local gradient of a pixel value I(x, y), so in the case of using a linear lowpass filter or a fixed threshold epsilon filter, an illumination boundary can be more accurately extracted.

Abstract: The invention provides an electronic circuit unit that is suitable for miniaturization and excellent in high frequency characteristic. Capacitors and a wiring pattern are formed on an alumina substrate by means of thin film forming technique, and a part of the wiring pattern is served as the connection land for mounting a bare chip of a transistor. Among the capacitors, the top electrode of the capacitor is served also as a part of the connection land, and the bottom side collector electrode of the bare chip is connected to the connection land by use of conductive adhesive. Top electrodes of the residual capacitors are served as the bonding pad, and the base electrode and the emitter electrode on the top side of the bare chip are connected to the top electrodes of the respective capacitors by a wire.

Abstract: A dot detection section of a dot-interference detection section detects a portion where pixels are arranged as “dark-bright-dark” or “bright-dark-bright” in the horizontal direction, within a Y signal containing dot interference, separated by a YC separation process, and outputs the detection result as dot values to a horizontal array checking section and a vertical array checking section. The horizontal array checking section detects whether or not dot values of a predetermined number of pixels arranged horizontally in such a manner as to contain a subject pixel, have the same value. The vertical array checking section detects whether or not dot values of a predetermined number of pixels arranged vertically in such a manner as to contain a subject pixel, are alternately generated as 1 and 2. An enhancement processing section performs an enhancement process on the Y signal of portions other than the portions where dot interference occurs.

Abstract: To provide a surface-mounting type electronic circuit unit suitable for miniaturization, circuit elements including capacitors, resistors and inductance elements and a conductive pattern connected to these circuit elements are thinly formed on an alumina substrate, semiconductor bare chips for a diode and a transistor are bonded on a connection land of the conductive pattern via wire, an inductance element composed of a pair of conductors opposite at a predetermined interval on the aluminum board is thinly formed and a unbalance/balance converter is formed by these conductors.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of input images is smoothed. A plurality of smoothed images different from each other in the degree of smoothing thus results. Each of first and second synthesizers calculate an edge intensity based on an intermediate synthesized image generated from at least one smoothed image and having a relatively large degree of smoothing and another smoothed image having a relatively small degree of smoothing, and synthesizes the intermediate synthesized image and the smoothed image based on the edge intensity, thereby generating a synthesized smoothed image. A second synthesized smoothed image generated by the second synthesizer is output as a final synthesized smoothed image representing an illumination component, and is then used as a coefficient for converting a pixel value.

Abstract: An image including a bright point which is specified in another image on a screen is captured. An image processing apparatus applies threshold processing to the pixel values of the captured image to determine the position of the bright point. The image processing apparatus calculates the logical product of a pixel value in the current frame line and that in the line one frame line before (or after) for binarization in the unit period of the blinking pattern of the bright point having a margin of one frame to detect the blinking pattern of the bright point.

Abstract: A signal processing method enabling reproduction of a broadband signal free of aliasing which transforms a plurality of discrete signals obtained by sampling an identical continuous signal using sampling phases different in a one-dimensional direction and containing a basic spectral component contained in the continuous signal and imaging components other than the basic spectral component to the frequency domain in a Fourier transforming circuit and shifts the phase in a spatial shift circuit, then solves predetermined simultaneous equations in a basic spectrum calculation circuit, finds complex numbers to be multiplied with the phase shifted plurality of signals, multiplying the calculated corresponding complex numbers with the plurality of signals, and adding the results of the multiplication to generate a signal free of the aliasing.