Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

Abstract: A conventional optical switching engine has difficulty in producing a universal multiport switching engine being capable of (i) programmatically changing regions to be switched, (ii) generating no wavelength dependent loss, (iii) having a small Walk-off, and (iv) being usable for small to large light beams. Produced is a light beam deflecting element in which a polarization grating is fitted in parallel on an N×M transmissive birefringence modulator formed such that a transmissive variable half-wavelength liquid crystal plate is divided into rectangular extreme small pixels, and many N and M pixels thus obtained are respectively arranged in X and Y axes directions in a matrix form, the polarization grating being a grating in which a period ? changes in an X? axis direction (direction to which a birefringence axis rotates) in accordance with a wavelength width of light.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon and a plurality of impurities other than carbon. A concentration of each of the plurality of impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %, and the nano polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size (a maximum length) not greater than 500 nm. The nano polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by preparing graphite in which a concentration of an impurity is not higher than 0.01 mass % and converting graphite to diamond by applying an ultra-high pressure and a high temperature to graphite.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon and a plurality of impurities other than carbon. A concentration of each of the plurality of impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %, and the nano polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size (a maximum length) not greater than 500 nm. The nano polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by preparing graphite in which a concentration of an impurity is not higher than 0.01 mass % and converting graphite to diamond by applying an ultra-high pressure and a high temperature to graphite.

Abstract: Single-crystal diamond is composed of carbon in which a concentration of a carbon isotope 12C is not lower than 99.9 mass % and a plurality of inevitable impurities other than carbon. The inevitable impurities include nitrogen, boron, hydrogen, and nickel, and a total content of nitrogen, boron, and hydrogen of the plurality of inevitable impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %. In order to manufacture single-crystal diamond, initially, a hydrocarbon gas in which a concentration of the carbon isotope 12C is not lower than 99.9 mass % is subjected to denitrification.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

Abstract: Provided are a diamond polycrystalline body having a longer life than conventional diamond polycrystalline bodies when it is slid, a method for manufacturing the same, and a tool. In a diamond polycrystalline body, at least one element whose sulfide or chloride has a melting point of less than or equal to 1000° C. is added thereto, and crystal grains have an average grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm. Thereby, wear of diamond can be suppressed, and the diamond polycrystalline body can have a longer life when it is slid.

Abstract: Provided are a diamond polycrystalline body having a longer life than conventional diamond polycrystalline bodies when it is slid, a method for manufacturing the same, and a tool. In a diamond polycrystalline body, at least one element whose oxide has a melting point of less than or equal to 1000° C. is added thereto, and crystal grains have an average grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm. Thereby, wear of diamond can be suppressed, and the diamond polycrystalline body can have a longer life when it is slid.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having an idle gear that transmits power received from a crankshaft to valve train systems, an idle shaft that rotatably supports the idle gear, and an outer cover that covers a crankcase from a lateral side, a valve train system drive mechanism includes a crankcase-side boss part is formed on a sidewall of the crankcase, which supports one end of the idle shaft. The drive mechanism also includes a case-cover-side boss part that is formed on the outer cover and supports the other end of the idle shaft. A cover-side joint part and a shaft-side joint part are formed at the case-cover-side boss part and the other end of the idle shaft, respectively, and engagement of the joint parts with each other precludes the idle shaft from rotating.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon and a plurality of impurities other than carbon. A concentration of each of the plurality of impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %, and the nano polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size (a maximum length) not greater than 500 nm. The nano polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by preparing graphite in which a concentration of an impurity is not higher than 0.01 mass % and converting graphite to diamond by applying an ultra-high pressure and a high temperature to graphite.

Abstract: A double-stranded nucleic acid molecule including (a) a sense strand which includes a nucleotide sequence corresponding to a target sequence indicated by any one of SEQ ID Nos.: 1 to 21, and (b) an antisense strand which includes a nucleotide sequence complementary to that of the sense strand specified in (a), wherein the double-stranded nucleic acid molecule is for suppressing the expression of at least one of APP and EBAG9 genes.

Abstract: Provided are a diamond polycrystalline body having a longer life than conventional diamond polycrystalline bodies when it is slid, a method for manufacturing the same, and a tool. In a diamond polycrystalline body, at least one element whose sulfide or chloride has a melting point of less than or equal to 1000° C. is added thereto, and crystal grains have an average grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm. Thereby, wear of diamond can be suppressed, and the diamond polycrystalline body can have a longer life when it is slid.

Abstract: Provided are a diamond polycrystalline body having a longer life than conventional diamond polycrystalline bodies when it is slid, a method for manufacturing the same, and a tool. In a diamond polycrystalline body, at least one element whose oxide has a melting point of less than or equal to 1000° C. is added thereto, and crystal grains have an average grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm. Thereby, wear of diamond can be suppressed, and the diamond polycrystalline body can have a longer life when it is slid.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having an idle gear that transmits power received from a crankshaft to valve train systems, an idle shaft that rotatably supports the idle gear, and an outer cover that covers a crankcase from a lateral side, a valve train system drive mechanism includes a crankcase-side boss part is formed on a sidewall of the crankcase, which supports one end of the idle shaft. The drive mechanism also includes a case-cover-side boss part that is formed on the outer cover and supports the other end of the idle shaft. A cover-side joint part and a shaft-side joint part are formed at the case-cover-side boss part and the other end of the idle shaft, respectively, and engagement of the joint parts with each other precludes the idle shaft from rotating.

Abstract: A double-stranded nucleic acid molecule including (a) a sense strand which includes a nucleotide sequence corresponding to a target sequence indicated by any one of SEQ ID Nos.: 1 to 21, and (b) an antisense strand which includes a nucleotide sequence complementary to that of the sense strand specified in (a), wherein the double-stranded nucleic acid molecule is for suppressing the expression of at least one of APP and EBAG9 genes.

Abstract: Single-crystal diamond is composed of carbon in which a concentration of a carbon isotope 12C is not lower than 99.9 mass % and a plurality of inevitable impurities other than carbon. The inevitable impurities include nitrogen, boron, hydrogen, and nickel, and a total content of nitrogen, boron, and hydrogen of the plurality of inevitable impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %. In order to manufacture single-crystal diamond, initially, a hydrocarbon gas in which a concentration of the carbon isotope 12C is not lower than 99.9 mass % is subjected to denitrification.

Abstract: Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.