Abstract: An RDS signal is binarized by a comparator (2) and the output is sampled by a regeneration clock in synchronism with a regeneration carrier to provide sampled data. Then, by means of an accumulator (an adder 6 and a D-FF7) or a low pass filter (12), an integration result of the sampled output is obtained for each biphase symbol and by means of a biphase decoder circuit (9), the integration results are subjected to a subtraction between two symbols making up a pair. A differentially coded RDS data can be obtained using the sign of the subtraction result, which is differentially decoded in a differential decoder circuit (11) to provide an RDS data. In addition, the absolute value of the subtraction result is compared with a predetermined threshold value to provide reliability data for each differentially coded RDS data using the comparison result. The lower one of the consecutive reliability data may be assumed to be the reliability data for the RDS data.

Abstract: An expression pattern in a document and the data describing related information associated with the output information to obtain the output information corresponding to the expression pattern are inputted. An expression pattern in a document on a computer network is sensed by reference to the expression pattern in the data. The output information corresponding to the sensed expression pattern is created from a document on the computer network on the basis of the related information in the inputted data.

Abstract: A magnetic head for recording information on a recording disk which has a head body that has a sliding sole which contacts the recording disk. The head body is supported by a three-piece leaf spring which has one end connected to a support and the other end connected to the head body. The support member includes a stopper which engages the end of the second portion of the leaf spring so as to control the position of the head body.

Abstract: A demodulating circuit demodulates a received signal, and outputs patterns of demodulated data and reliability information bits indicating correctness of the demodulated data. These are supplied to first and second shift registers (4 and 5), respectively. When the number of reliability information bits of Level 1 in the second shift register is a predetermined value or less, a shift operation is repeated a plurality of times. When a reliability information bit of Level 1 is outputted, an error correction control circuit (7) successively outputs all possible bit patterns of the demodulated data An EXOR gate (10) generates all possible patterns of demodulated data An error correcting circuit (11) carries out error correction for all the patterns. When the number is larger than the predetermined value, the error correction is carried out only for the demodulated data supplied from the demodulating circuit in a conventional manner.

Abstract: Superimposed FM data is demodulated to digital data. A synchronism reproducing circuit (data block detecting section) detects the front of blocks in the digital data to generate a block head signal (a station change timing signal), which is supplied to a control section of a station selecting microcomputer. When a station selecting key requests a change of the received station, station data corresponding to a requested station is supplied to the control section (a station selecting control section). When the block head signal is inputted after requesting the change of the station, the control section begins to output station change data to a PLL frequency synthesizer in order to change the frequency signal in a front end. This prevents a latter part of a block in received superimposed FM data from being NG data.

Abstract: A magnetic head for recording information on a recording disk which has a head body that has a sliding sole which contacts the recording disk. The head body is supported by a three-piece leaf spring which has one end connected to a support and the other end connected to the head body. The support member includes a stopper which engages the end of the second portion of the leaf spring so as to control the position of the head body.

Abstract: A scrambling key is generated from demodulated and error-corrected FM demodulation data for use in descrambling. During this process, if error correction has not been normally conducted to an object data packet, a subsequent descrambling operation is not executed to that data packet. In addition, a descrambling operation is not carried out if the object data packet is a parity packet.

Abstract: In a packet analyzing circuit, first and second key data are detected and stored in respective first and second key data registers. First and second key generation circuits generate first and second keys from the first and second key data. An exclusive OR operation is carried out to both keys so as to generate a scrambling key. Using the scrambling key as an initial value, a random number generator generates a PN code used for scrambling, so that scrambled data is descrambled by adding the PN code to the data. The first key generation circuit, which receives a control signal CON from a timing generation circuit, is controlled by the control signal CON such that a scrambling key is generated only when the random number generator needs an initial value.

Abstract: An offset circuit (2) detects an offset word serving as a synchronization pattern. By being triggered by the detection, main and subordinate synchronization detection circuits (5 and 6) detect the periodicity of the offset word only during a predetermined backward guard period. Both synchronization detection circuits (5 and 6) detect offset words at different timings. Therefore, if one synchronization detection circuit (5 or 6) fails in detection of synchronization, it is possible to use a detection result of the other synchronization detection circuit (5 or 6). Moreover, received data during the backward guard period is stored in a data memory (11). Therefore, it is possible to use the stored data as received data after detection of synchronization. Even after establishment of synchronization, the synchronization detection circuit (5 or 6) continuously detects the periodicity of an offset word at a timing different from an established timing.

Abstract: In accordance with the operation of an operating section 14, a control section 12 performs a reception control operation and demodulates a signal passing through a band pass filter 7 for extracting a multiplex signal using a multiplex signal demodulating section 8 when receiving a broadcast signal. A block synchronization circuit 16 of a synchronization circuit 9 carries out block synchronization processing on the demodulated signal. When block synchronization is established, a synchronization determination signal is supplied to a detecting section DET and the detecting section DET determines that a broadcasting station whose radio waves are currently being received is a multiplex broadcasting station.

Abstract: In a decoding processing circuit of a digital signal receiver, a first comparison circuit detects that a prefix of packet data is inputted in a shift register on the basis of a count value of a counter circuit. In response to the result of detection, a pseudo-random binary sequence generation circuit outputs a pseudo-random binary sequence on the basis of a data group number and a data packet number outputted from the shift register and key data previously extracted by a key data fetch circuit. When a second comparison circuit detects that block data in the data packet is inputted in the shift register, an exclusive OR circuit exclusively ORs the pseudo-random binary sequence with receive data, so that decoded data is inputted in the shift register.

Abstract: A digital modulating signal, which is a binary conversion of an RDS signal by a comparator, is sampled by a D-FF with a regeneration clock synchronized with a carrier regenerated by a carrier regeneration circuit. Next, a comparator output is input by an edge detection circuit where a data edge is detected, and the edge interval between this edge and the sampling timing edge of the regeneration clock is detected by a reliability judgment circuit where the edge interval is encoded and output as reliability data. Then, the reliability data is added as LSB data to various sampling data, and data for various symbols is regenerated at the data regeneration circuit. This minimizes the influence of the error data on the data regeneration circuit even if data is sampled erroneously.

Abstract: In multiplex FM broadcasting, a digital signal is composed of a frame which consists of a predetermined number of blocks in the vertical direction, a block consisting of a predetermined number of bits in the horizontal direction and having a horizontal parity (error correcting code) for correcting errors in the horizontal direction and a vertical parity for correcting errors in the vertical direction. The block also has a control bit for determining whether the error correction in the horizontal direction is to be carried out only once. A decoding identification detector (20) detects the content of the control bit, a controller (12) controls the re-writing of the digital signal into a frame buffer (13) after the error correction of the digital signal in the vertical direction by an error corrector (14).

Abstract: An SI judging circuit in a service detecting section detects a service identification code included in a block included in received superimposed FM data. When the block represents an unnecessary service, the SI judging circuit generates a predetermined service detecting signal, which is supplied to a station selecting microcomputer. A user operates a station selecting key to request the change of the broadcasting station. When the change is requested, and also the service detecting signal indicating that the service included in the received block is not needed is supplied to the station selecting microcomputer by the SI judging circuit, a control section of the station selecting microcomputer outputs station data corresponding to the requested station to a PLL synthesizer, and then the frequency signal (tuning frequency) is changed at a front end.

Abstract: A satellite communication system has a double-layered earth orbit satellite constellation with a lower first orbit altitude and a higher second orbit altitude. In the satellite communication system, first and second communication satellites are deployed in respective earth orbits located at the first and second orbit altitudes to each have first and second satellite communication stations, respectively. Small terminals and large terminals are further provided as earth stations on the earth.

Abstract: A magnetic head for recording information on a recording disk which has a head body that has a sliding sole which contacts the recording disk. The head body is supported by a three-piece leaf spring which has one end connected to a support and the other end connected to the head body. The support member includes a stopper which engages the end of the second portion of the leaf spring so as to control the position of the head body.

Abstract: There is disclosed an agent for preventing the adhesion of thallium 201 to a container which comprises a reducing substance as an active ingredient. There is also disclosed a radioactive diagnostic agent wherein the adhesion of thallium 201 to a container is prevented which comprises thallium 201 and a reducing substance.

Abstract: An ink jet head has an ink head main body that is constituted of a substrate, spacers that are formed on one side of the substrate, and a roof plate that is joined to the substrate through the spacers. One or more ink passages are independently formed between the substrate and the roof plate. Rows of piezoelectric devices, each of which is made of a plurality of piezoelectric devices aligned along each ink passage, are formed through the respective ink passages. Ac voltages whose phases are different from each other by 90 degrees are applied to the respective piezoelectric devices. Progressive waves, which are excited by the rows of piezoelectric devices, allow ink to move through the ink passage and to be sprayed.

Abstract: An information recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention, in which a tunnel current is utilized for recording information to a recording surface of a recording medium and/or for reproducing information from the recording surface, includes a slider which is arranged on the recording surface and floats above the recording surface by an air flow caused by movement of the recording medium. The slider includes a body having a first surface positioned opposite to the recording surface, a second surface parallel to the first surface, and a third surface oblique to the first and second surfaces. The slider further includes a cantilever having a projecting portion projecting from the body so as to be substantially parallel to the recording surface and a tip for detecting the tunnel current formed on a surface of the projecting portion on the side of the recording surface.

Abstract: A magnetic head for recording information on a recording disk which has a head body that has a sliding sole which contacts the recording disk. The head body is supported by a three-piece leaf spring which has one end connected to a support and the other end connected to the head body. The support member includes a stopper which engages the end of the second portion of the leaf spring so as to control the position of the head body.