Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a crystal particle that includes a niobium-titanium composite oxide. A ratio ANb/ATi of a Nb abundance ANb to a Ti abundance ATi in the crystal particle satisfies 2.3?ANb/ATi?4.0. According to a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum using a Cu-K? ray for the crystal particle, an intensity ratio I?/I? of a peak intensity I? of a peak ? appearing at 12.5°?2??13.0° to a peak intensity I? of a peak ? appearing at 8.5°?2??9.0° is within a range of 0.1<I?/I??2.0.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a composite metal oxide containing an Mo element, an Nb element, and at least one element M selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Ta, Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Bi, Sb, As, P, Cr, W, B, Na, K, Mg, Al, Ca, Y and Si. A crystal structure of the composite metal oxide has a non-periodic crystal structure. The active material includes the composite metal oxide as spherical particles. The spherical particles are secondary particles containing primary particles of the composite metal oxide having an average particle size from 10 nm to 300 nm, an average particle size of the secondary particles being from 1 ?m to 10 ?m.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material is provided. The active material includes a Mo-containing niobium-titanium oxide having a monoclinic structure. A ratio I25/I24 of an intensity I25 of a second peak appearing within a range of 2? from 25.0° to 25.5° relative to an intensity I24 of a first peak appearing within a range of 2? from 23.5° to 24.5° is 0.5 or greater, according to X-ray diffraction spectroscopy for the active material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material including a niobium-titanium oxide phase having a monoclinic structure is provided. The niobium-titanium oxide phase has a crystal structure that includes in a crystal lattice thereof, at least one per unit lattice of a (Nb, Ti) O6 octahedron site composed only with vertex-sharing, a bond angle distortion in the octahedron site being 0.8 ?2/deg2 or less. A crystallite diameter of the niobium-titanium oxide phase is in a range from 85 nm or greater to 130 nm or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a composite oxide having a tetragonal crystal structure. The composite oxide is represented by general formula LiaTibNb2?2dMc+2dO2b+5+3c. Here, M is one selected from the group consisting of W and Mo, 0?a?b+4+3c, 0<b<2?2d, and 0<c<2?4d.

Abstract: In general, according to one embodiment, a niobium-titanium oxide is provided. The niobium-titanium oxide satisfies Formulae (1) to (3) below in an L*a*b* color space according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z 8722:2009: 95.0?L*?100??(1) ?1.0?a*?1.0??(2) ?1.0?b*?6.0??(3).

Abstract: In general, according to one embodiment, a charge control method includes acquiring a measured temperature of a lithium ion battery, acquiring a threshold value for stopping charging of the lithium ion battery according to the measured temperature of the lithium ion battery based on a relationship between a cycle life and a charging capacity of the lithium ion battery for each temperature of the lithium ion battery, and, charging the lithium ion battery based on the threshold value.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material is provided. The active material includes a primary particle including an Nb10Ti2O29 phase and at least one Nb-rich phase selected from an Nb14TiO37 phase and an Nb24TiO64 phase. In the primary particle, a ratio MNb/MTi of substance amount of niobium to titanium satisfies 5.0<MNb/MTi?24.0. A diffraction chart according to a wide angle X-ray diffraction method using a CuK? ray for the active material includes a peak A and a peak C attributed to the Nb10Ti2O29 phase and a peak B appearing within a range of 2? of 25.5±0.2° attributed to the Nb-rich phase. The active material satisfies a peak intensity ratio represented by 0<IB/IA<5.0. A half width of the peak C is in a range of 0.15° or more and 0.80° or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery including a negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode mixture layer. A thickness of the negative electrode current collector is in a range of 8 ?m to 18 ?m. The negative electrode current collector includes a first current collector end surface extending along a stacking direction. The negative electrode mixture layer includes a niobium-titanium composite oxide, and a first protrusion protruding from the first current collector end surface along a first direction orthogonal to the stacking direction. A protrusion length A1 of the first protrusion satisfies 0 mm<A1?1.0 mm.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a crystal particle that includes a niobium-titanium composite oxide. A ratio ANb/ATi of a Nb abundance ANb to a Ti abundance ATi in the crystal particle satisfies 2.3?ANb/ATi?4.0. According to a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum using a Cu-K? ray for the crystal particle, an intensity ratio I?/I? of a peak intensity I? of a peak ? appearing at 12.5°?2??13.0° to a peak intensity I? of a peak ? appearing at 8.5°?2??9.0° is within a range of 0.1<I?/I??2.0.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a composite oxide having a tetragonal crystal structure. The composite oxide is represented by general formula LiaTibNb2?2dMc+2dO2b+5+3c. Here, M is one selected from the group consisting of W and Mo, 0?a?b+4+3c, 0<b<2?2d, and 0<c<2?4d.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a lithium zinc secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an aqueous electrolyte, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a zinc-including metal body and an oxide on at least a part of a surface of the metal body. The aqueous electrolyte includes zinc and a lithium salt. Zinc is dissolved and deposited at the negative electrode. Lithium is inserted and extracted from the oxide in a range of ?1.4 V (vs. SCE) or more and ?1.0 V (vs. SCE) or less. A specific surface area of the oxide is 10 m2/g or more and 350 m2/g or less. A mol concentration ratio Zn/Li between zinc and lithium in the aqueous electrolyte is 1.0×10?5 or more and 0.3 or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes a negative electrode. The negative electrode includes an active material composite. The active material composite includes active material particles and a layer covering at least a portion of surfaces of the active material particles. The active material particles include titanium-containing oxide particles. The layer contains N and Si. The layer includes a first surface facing the at least the portion of surfaces of the active material particles and a second surface defining a layer thickness from the first surface. An N concentration in the layer decreases from the first surface to the second surface. A Si concentration in the layer increases from the first surface to the second surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrode is provided. The electrode includes an active material-containing layer which contains an active material. The active material includes a plurality of primary particles containing a niobium-titanium composite oxide. The average crystallite diameter of the plurality of primary particles is 90 nm or more. The average particle size (D50) of the plurality of primary particles is in a range of 0.1 ?m to 5 ?m. The average value (FUave) of the roughness shape coefficient (FU) according to Formula (1) below is less than 0.70 in 100 primary particles among the plurality of primary particles.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrode is provided. The electrode includes an active material-containing layer which contains an active material. The active material includes a plurality of primary particles containing a niobium-titanium composite oxide. The average value (FUave) of the roughness shape coefficient (FU) according to Formula (1) below is 0.70 or more in 100 primary particles among the plurality of primary particles.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material is provided. The active material includes a lithium niobium composite oxide represented by a general formula LixFe1?yM1yNb11?2M2zO29 (1) and having an orthorhombic crystal structure. In the general formula (1), 0?x?23, 0?y?1 and 0<z?6 are satisfied. Each of M1 and M2 independently includes at least one element selected from a group consisting of Fe, Mg, Al, Cu, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Sn, Ti, Ta, V, and Mo.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrode including active material particles is provided. The active material particles contain monoclinic niobium-titanium composite oxide particles and an amorphous carbon body. The amorphous carbon body covers at least a part of surfaces of the monoclinic niobium-titanium composite oxide particles. A ratio S2/S1 of a carbon atom concentration S2 to a niobium atom concentration S1 at a surface of the electrode, according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is from 5 to 100.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a lithium zinc secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an aqueous electrolyte, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode includes a zinc-including metal body and an oxide on at least a part of a surface of the metal body. The aqueous electrolyte includes zinc and a lithium salt. Zinc is dissolved and deposited at the negative electrode. Lithium is inserted and extracted from the oxide in a range of ?1.4 V (vs. SCE) or more and ?1.0 V (vs. SCE) or less. A specific surface area of the oxide is 10 m2/g or more and 350 m2/g or less. A mol concentration ratio Zn/Li between zinc and lithium in the aqueous electrolyte is 1.0×10?5 or more and 0.3 or less.

Abstract: A production method of a battery active material of the present embodiment includes a step of obtaining a coprecipitated product containing Ti and Nb by mixing a solution with a pH of 5 or lower, in which a Ti compound is dissolved, and a solution with a pH of 5 or lower, in which a Nb compound is dissolved, such that molar ratio of Ti and Nb (Nb/Ti) is adjusted within a range of 1?Nb/Ti?28, and then further mixing with an alkali solution with a pH of 8 or higher; and a step of burning the coprecipitated product under condition of 635° C. or higher and 1200° C. or lower.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material is provided. The active material includes particles. The particles have a crystal structure belonging to a monoclinic niobium-titanium composite oxide. A ratio of a crystallite size Dc corresponding to a (020) plane with respect to an average primary particle size Dp of the particles is not less than 35%.