Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an active substance. The active substance includes particles of niobium titanium composite oxide and a phase including a carbon material. The niobium titanium composite oxide is represented by Ti1-xM1xNb2-yM2yO7. The phase is formed on at least a part of the surface of the particles. The carbon material shows, in a Raman chart obtained by Raman spectrometry, a G band observed at from 1530 to 1630 cm?1 and a D band observed at from 1280 to 1380 cm?1. A ratio IG/ID between a peak intensity IG of the G band and a peak intensity ID of the D band is from 0.8 to 1.2.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an active material including monoclinic niobium titanium composite oxide particles and a carbon material layer. The monoclinic niobium titanium composite oxide particles can absorb and release Li ions or Na ions and satisfy Formula (1) below. The carbon material layer covers at least a part of surfaces of the niobium titanium composite oxide particles and satisfies Formula (2) below: 0.5?(?/?)?2??(1) 0?(?/?)?0.

Abstract: In general, according to one embodiment, an active material for battery includes a monoclinic complex oxide. The monoclinic complex oxide is expressed by the general formula LixM1M22O(7±?) (wherein M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Si, and Sn, M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ta, Bi, and Mo, 0?x?5, and 0???0.3), and has symmetry belonging to the space group C2/m (International tables Vol. A No. 12), and one element of the M2 or M1 being maldistributed in the occupied 2a and 4i sites in a crystal of the monoclinic complex oxide.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an active substance. The active substance contains active material particles. The active material particles comprise a compound represented by the formula: Ti1-xM1xNb2-yM2yO7. The active material particles has a peak A attributed to a (110) plane which appears at 2? ranging from 23.74 to 24.14°, a peak B attributed to a (003) plane which appears at 2? ranging from 25.81 to 26.21° and a peak C attributed to a (?602) plane which appears at 2? ranging from 26.14 to 26.54° in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the active material particles. An intensity IA of the peak A, an intensity IB of the peak B, and an intensity IC of the peak C satisfy the relation (1): 0.80?IB/IA?1.12; and the relation (2) IC/IB?0.80.

Abstract: In general, according to one embodiment, the active material for a battery contains a niobium composite oxide represented by the formula: LixM(1-y)NbyNb2O(7+?). M represents at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ti and Zr. X, y, and ? are numbers respectively satisfying the following: 0?x?6, 0?y?1, and ?1???1). The pH of the active material for a battery is from 7.4 to 12.5.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material containing a niobium titanium composite oxide is provided. The niobium titanium composite oxide has average composition represented by LiyNb2+xTi1?xO7+0.5x (0?x?0.5, 0?y?5.5). The niobium titanium composite oxide satisfies peak intensity ratios represented by the following formulae (1) to (3): 0.05?(B/A)?0.7??(1) 0.01?(C/A)?0.2??(2) 0?(D/A)?0.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an active material containing a monoclinic oxide is provided. The monoclinic oxide is represented by the formula LixTiNb2O7 (0?x?5). A unit cell volume of the monoclinic oxide is 795 ?3 or more.