Abstract: Optical information recording is achieved at high speed such as sixthfold to eightfold speed of DVD while suppressing jitter by a high-speed recording strategy such as a 2T period strategy, by once reducing the optical power of the optical beam used for optical recording, when starting recording of an amorphous mark pattern after the step of forming a crystalline space region but before the step of irradiating the optical beam with a peak power level for the mark formation, such that the optical power of the optical beam is reduced below the erasing optical power used for forming the crystalline space region.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a phase-change recording layer containing Sb and Te as essential elements therefor, to which is added at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Cu, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, N, P, Bi, La, Ce, Gd, and Tb, the recording layer being capable of assuming an amorphous phase changed from a crystalline phase by the application of a laser beam thereto, thereby optically recording information. Recording marks are formed in the recording medium by converting a light emission wave of laser beam into a recording pulse train comprising a plurality of on-pulses and off-pulses, with a recording frequency being continuously changed corresponding to the location of each of the recording marks in the radial direction of said recording medium. A recording apparatus has laser beam driving circuit means, signal generation means, and signal transmission means for achieving the above recording method.

Abstract: An optical recording medium including a recording layer which includes a reversible phase-change recording material, the recording layer being capable of writing information therein, reading written information therefrom, and rewriting written information by utilizing the reversible phase change of the phase-change recording material, wherein when a recording mark formed in the recording layer is repeatedly read 5000 times, using a continuous wave laser beam having such an intensity Pr that satisfies the condition of 1.1?R?2.0, in which R is ?repeat/?1 as defined in the specification, the optical recording medium satisfies a relationship of d1>dow as defined in the specification. The phase-change recording material, a method of producing the optical recording medium, and a method of writing information in the optical recording medium, reading written information therefrom and rewriting written information therein are proposed.

Abstract: A laminated ceramic capacitor C has a plurality of internal electrodes embedded in a dielectric base substance in a stratified manner, the internal electrodes are caused to conduct to a pair of terminal electrodes provided on an outer surface of the dielectric base substance, and the terminal electrode has an outermost layer containing Sn as a main component. There is provided a step of setting the laminated ceramic capacitor in a temperature environment which is not less than 125° C. and not more than 180° C. and applying a direct-current voltage between the terminal electrodes in order to measure a direct-current insulation resistance. The step of applying the direct-current voltage includes a first step and a second step. A direct-current voltage V1 (V/?m) which falls within a range of 20 to 40 (V/?m) is applied at the first step, and a direct-current voltage V2 (V) with a rated voltage being taken into consideration is applied at the second step after termination of the first step.

Abstract: An optical recording medium including a recording layer which includes a reversible phase-change recording material, the recording layer being capable of writing information therein, reading written information therefrom, and rewriting written information by utilizing the reversible phase change of the phase-change recording material, wherein when a recording mark formed in the recording layer is repeatedly read 5000 times, using a continuous wave laser beam having such an intensity Pr that satisfies the condition of 1.1?R?2.0, in which R is ?repeat/?1 as defined in the specification, the optical recording medium satisfies a relationship of d1>dow as defined in the specification. The phase-change recording material, a method of producing the optical recording medium, and a method of writing information in the optical recording medium, reading written information therefrom and rewriting written information therein are proposed.

Abstract: A phase-change optical recording medium capable of implementing record and readout operations of information data through reversible phase transition between amorphous and crystalline states induced by light beam irradiation in a recording layer included in the recording medium, including at least a transparent substrate and contiguous layers formed on the substrate in order as follows, a lower dielectric protective layer, the recording layer, an upper dielectric protective layer, and a reflective/heat dissipating layer, in which the upper dielectric protective layer essentially consists of a mixture of ZrO2 and SiO2, having a composition of (ZrO2)100-x (SiO2)x, where 0<x<60 (mole %).

Abstract: In an optical disk substrate film-formation apparatus which prepared an optical disk by forming a thin film on a substrate, the optical disk substrate is held by a holder section. A contact support surface is provided to the holder section which closely contacts at least a portion of the surface of the optical disk substrate rear to the surface where the think film is formed.

Abstract: In an optical disk substrate film-formation apparatus which prepared an optical disk by forming a thin film on a substrate, the optical disk substrate is held by a holder section. A contact support surface is provided to the holder section which closely contacts at least a portion of the surface of the optical disk substrate rear to the surface where the think film is formed.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium in which information can be recorded, reproduced and rewritten and which includes a first transparent substrate having a wobbling guide groove which is spirally formed thereon at a pitch; a first dielectric layer located overlying the first transparent substrate and having an optical thickness of from 80 nm to 200 nm; a phase-change recording layer located overlying the first dielectric layer and having an optical thickness of from 20 to 50 nm when the recording layer is in an erased state; a second dielectric layer located overlying the recording layer and having an optical thickness of from 10 nm to 70 nm; a reflection layer located overlying the second dielectric layer; optionally a third dielectric layer located between the second dielectric layer and the reflection layer; and a second transparent substrate located overlying the reflection layer.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a phase-change recording layer containing Sb and Te as essential elements therefor, to which is added at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Cu, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, N, P, Bi, La, Ce, Gd, and Tb, the recording layer being capable of assuming an amorphous phase changed from a crystalline phase by the application of a laser beam thereto, thereby optically recording information. Recording marks are formed in the recording medium by converting a light emission wave of laser beam into a recording pulse train comprising a plurality of on-pulses and off-pulses, with a recording frequency being continuously changed corresponding to the location of each of the recording marks in the radial direction of said recording medium. A recording apparatus has laser beam driving circuit means, signal generation means, and signal transmission means for achieving the above recording method.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium in which information can be recorded, reproduced and rewritten and which includes a first transparent substrate having a wobbling guide groove which is spirally formed thereon at a pitch; a first dielectric layer located overlying the first transparent substrate and having an optical thickness of from 80 nm to 200 nm; a phase-change recording layer located overlying the first dielectric layer and having an optical thickness of from 20 to 50 nm when the recording layer is in an erased state; a second dielectric layer located overlying the recording layer and having an optical thickness of from 10 nm to 70 nm; a reflection layer located overlying the second dielectric layer; optionally a third dielectric layer located between the second dielectric layer and the reflection layer; and a second transparent substrate located overlying the reflection layer.

Abstract: A phase-change optical information recording medium capable of recording information therein, reproducing recorded information therefrom, rewriting recorded information, and erasing recorded information therefrom, which phase-change optical information recording medium is provided with a recording layer containing therein a phase-change recording material including Ge, Ga, Sb, Te, and one element selected from the group consisting of Mg and Ca, which recording material is capable of performing a reversible phase transition from a noncrystalline phase to a crystalline phase and vice verse with the application of an electromagnetic wave thereto.

Abstract: An optical recording medium has a phase-change recording layer containing Sb and Te as essential elements therefor, to which is added at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Cu, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, N, P, Bi, La, Ce, Gd, and Tb, the recording layer being capable of assuming an amorphous phase changed from a crystalline phase by the application of a laser beam thereto, thereby optically recording information. Recording marks are formed in the recording medium by converting a light emission wave of laser beam into a recording pulse train comprising a plurality of on-pulses and off-pulses, with a recording frequency being continuously changed corresponding to the location of each of the recording marks in the radial direction of said recording medium. A recording apparatus has laser beam driving circuit means, signal generation means, and signal transmission means for achieving the above recording method.

Abstract: A disposable diaper having a hook and loop faster which has a combination of a hook component and a hook receiving component, which are detachably engaged and which is used as a fixing member at a time of putting the disposable diaper on a user, the hook component of the hook and loop fastener being fixed in place at both sides on a rear side of the disposable diaper, and the hook receiving component being fixed in place at the belly side,

Abstract: An optical recording medium comprising a recording layer which comprises a phase-change recording material causing a reversible phase change between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase by irradiation with an electromagnetic wave, wherein the phase-change recording material mainly comprises materials expressed by the composition formula X&agr;Ge&bgr;Mn&ggr;Sb&dgr;Te&egr; with each of the components respectively fulfills 0≦&agr;≦5, 1≦&bgr;≦5, 1≦&ggr;≦10, 65 ≦&dgr;<80, 15≦&egr;≦25, and &agr;≦&ggr; (where X expresses at least one of Ga and Sn, &agr;, &bgr;, &ggr;, &dgr;, and &egr; expresses atomic percentage, and fulfills &agr;+&bgr;+&ggr;+&dgr;+&egr;=100).

Abstract: An optical recording method of recording information to a phase change optical recording medium with alternate application of peak power and bias power in a pulse manner and with changing a pulse application interval continuously from an inner part through an outer part of the recording medium with an interval proportional to a window width Tw and a fixed interval, comprising the step of starting a top peak power application interval with a delay from a data input pulse signal starting time for a target mark length nTw, where n denotes an integer in a range between 3 and 14, with changing the delay in proportion to the window width Tw with changing a proportionality factor discretely with respect each linear velocity.

Abstract: A recording method forms recording marks according to a mark length modulation by irradiating a pulse-shaped light beam with respect to a crystallized phase change recording layer of a phase change type optical recording medium which comprises at least the phase change recording layer and a reflection layer on a substrate. The recording method irradiates a light beam formed by a single recording pulse when forming a recording mark having a size less than or equal to a predetermined size N, where the predetermined size N is set with reference to a reference size which is sum of a beam spot diameter of the light beam and a distance traveled by the light beam within a time amounting to a sum of rising and falling time constants of a light beam power, and irradiates a light beam formed by a plurality of recording pulses when forming a recording mark having a size greater than the predetermined size N.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recording method for a phase-change optical recording medium. The recording method of the present invention contains the step of irradiating an electromagnetic wave having a multipulse pattern so as to perform recording on a phase-change optical recording medium containing a phase-change recording layer. This method is characterised in that a starting time of a front pulse of the multipulse pattern delays 0.5T to 1.25T from a starting point of the first reference clock relative to the recording mark, where T is a reference clock of the multipulse pattern.

Abstract: An optical recording medium which comprises a substrate and a recording layer disposed on the substrate, in which the recording layer comprises Ga and Sb, a content of the Sb is 80 atm % to 95 atm % relative to a total content of the Ga and the Sb in the recording layer, and recording and erasing are carried out by a reversible phase change between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase in the recording layer.

Abstract: An absorbent body containing a super absorbent polymer and an absorbent fiber and being thinned by pressurization. The super absorbent polymer has a gel elastic modulus of not less than 2,000 N/m2 according to a gel elastic modulus test and has an artificial urine absorption amount of not less than 32 cc/g according to an absorption test under pressure at 20 g/cm2, and a ratio of the super absorbent polymer to a total weight of the super absorbent polymer and the absorbent fiber is not less than 40 wt %.