Abstract: An error correcting device in an optical communication system that transmits a transmission frame formed by adding an overhead and an error correction code to information data uses a concatenated code or an iterated code of at least two error correction codes as an outer code and an error correction code for soft-decision decoding as an inner code.

Abstract: Provided is an error correction method for an optical communication system that transmits a transmission frame formed of information data added with an overhead and an error correction code, the error correction method including adjusting a size of an FEC redundant area of an FEC frame for storing client signals of different signal types in accordance with the client signals so that transmission rates of the FEC frame for the respective client signals have an approximately N-multiple relationship (N is a positive natural number). With this, it is possible to obtain an error correction method and device capable of providing a high-quality and high-speed optical communication system without performance degradation caused by jitter or the like and with the common use of circuits having a reduced circuit scale.

Abstract: An optical network system that performs transmission of N:1 protection includes a node that includes transmission-side operating muxponders that multiplex client signals for every M-channel signal bundle and convert multiplexed signals into optical signals having different wavelengths, transmission-side optical couplers that branch the client signals into two channels of operating and redundant, transmission-side optical switches each selecting one channel from redundant signals as a redundant client signal, and a transmission-side redundant muxponder that performs a predetermined transmission-side process according to an accommodation mode set on the redundant client signal and then multiplexes the redundant client signals, converts the multiplexed signal into an optical signal having a wavelength different from that of the operating signal, thereby making the accommodation mode settable for each channel in an independent manner.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to make it possible to set security functions as necessary depending on usage environment, etc. and to improve the security functions; a function setting section 1116 sets security function information received from the outside via a communication line as security functions regarding the user of gas. According to the set security function, in the case that the operation conditions of the security function are satisfied, a monitoring section 112 detects a problem during the use of gas and outputs a security signal to a control section 114. Based on the security signal from the monitoring section 112, the control section 114 shuts off the supply of gas in the case that a phenomenon satisfying an operation condition of the set function having been set has occurred.

Abstract: A digital signal processing optical transceiver includes: a reception front end for separating an optical reception signal from a communication path into a total of four channels including an I-channel and a Q-channel of an X-polarized wave component and an I-channel and a Q-channel of a Y-polarized wave component; and a digital signal processing unit for: performing signal point determination with respect to signals of the four channels; when there are only two signal points, selecting two channels including an I-channel component of an X-polarized wave and an I-channel component of a Y-polarized wave and performing signal processing thereon; and when there are four signal points, selecting the four channels including the I-channel component and a Q-channel component of the X-polarized wave and the I-channel component and a Q-channel component of the Y-polarized wave and performing the signal processing thereon.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus that protects different types of signals with a common backup transponder. The optical transmission apparatus includes working transponder units that relay respective optical signals on corresponding working transmission lines to or from external client devices, a backup transponder unit that can relay optical signals of different interface types, a 3:1 optical switch unit and a 1:3 optical switch unit that connect the external client devices and the working transponder units, and can connect the external client device and the backup transponder unit, and a monitor control unit that monitors occurrence of a failure in the working transponder units and the backup transponder unit, and controls switching of the transmission lines upon detection of a failure.

Abstract: An error correction coding apparatus divides transmission information sequences in n subframes (n is an arbitrary natural number) into n1 subframes (n1 is a natural number<n) and n2 subframes (n2 is a natural number which satisfies n1+n2=n), block-codes the n1 subframes for every m1 subframes (m1 is a factor of n1) so as to generate a first error correction code, and block-codes the n2 subframes for every m2 subframes (m2 is a factor of n2) so as to generate a second error correction code.

Abstract: Provided is an error correction encoding device including: an outer encoding circuit (33) for performing encoding processing for outer code; and an inner encoding circuit (34) for performing encoding processing for inner code, the inner encoding circuit (34) including an inner-encoding input circuit (54) for performing interleaving processing in which a parallel input sequence is divided into given lanes, and a given barrel shift is performed for each inner frame. By carrying out interleaving in which the parallel input sequence is divided into the given lanes, and the given barrel shift is performed for the each inner frame, allocation ratios between an information sequence area and a parity sequence area are made uniform, to thereby improve a processing throughput and enhance an error correction capability.

Abstract: An optical network system includes a first node that converts input signals of n systems into optical signals having wavelengths different for each of the systems and wavelength-multiplexes and transmits the optical signals and a second node that selects signals of n systems from the wavelength-multiplexed signals and outputs the signals. The first node includes an optical coupler that divides the input signals into operating system signals and redundant signals, TPNDs that convert the operating systems into optical signals, an optical switch that selects standby system signals from the redundant signals, and a TPND that converts the standby system signals into optical signals in a storage mode corresponding to a type of the standby system signals.

Abstract: A conventional appliance monitoring apparatus handles only the amount of gas used and security information for the case of a gas cutoff and can not address social needs for a desire to obtain information about influence (e.g., an amount of CO2 emission) of use of the gas combustion appliance on a terrestrial environment. A CO2 emission calculation unit 4 calculates an amount of CO2 emission based on a gas appliance used by a client output from an appliance determination unit 2, a gas flow signal thereof, and CO2 emission data pertaining to the gas appliance stored in a CO2 emission data storage unit 3. Thus, it is possible to determine the amount of CO2 emission produced by using the gas appliance by the client.

Abstract: A convention appliance monitoring apparatus handles only the amount of gas used and security information for the case of a gas cutoff and can not address social needs for a desire to obtain information about influence (e.g., an amount of CO2 emission) of use of the gas combustion appliance on a terrestrial environment. Based on a gas appliance used by a client and a gas flow signal pertaining the gas appliance which are output from an appliance determination unit 2, CO2 emission data on the gas appliance stored in a CO2 emission data storage unit 3, and CO2 emission data which are to be compared with the gas appliance and stored in a comparative CO2 emission data storage unit 4, a CO2 emission calculation unit 5 calculates an amount of CO2 emission, an comparative amount of CO2 emission and a difference between the amount of CO2 emission and the comparative amount of CO2 emission.

Abstract: It is an object to acquire in real time information about the type of an appliance used at home, a cumulative time elapsed from installation of the appliance, and the like; preliminarily acquire inspection timing; and prevent occurrence of a problem in the appliance.

Abstract: A challenge to be met by the present invention is to enable appropriate setting of safety function according to a use environment and enhance safety function. An IC card (118) stores data pertaining to the quantity of available gas and at least one safety function program. An IC card reading unit (122) reads information stored in the IC card (118). From the read information, an IC card determination unit (126) determines whether or not the IC card (118) is normal. A safety function detection unit (128) detects a safety function program from the read information and stores the program in a safety function storage unit (130). When the IC card (118) is normal, a function setting unit (116) imparts a safety function program to a monitoring unit (112). A remaining available quantity count unit (124) determines a remaining quantity of available gas from the read quantity of available gas and a flow determined by a flow computing unit (110).

Abstract: The present invention is intended to make it possible to set security functions as necessary depending on usage environment, etc. and to improve the security functions; a function setting section 1116 sets security function information received from the outside via a communication line as security functions regarding the user of gas. According to the set security function, in the case that the operation conditions of the security function are satisfied, a monitoring section 112 detects a problem during the use of gas and outputs a security signal to a control section 114. Based on the security signal from the monitoring section 112, the control section 114 shuts off the supply of gas in the case that a phenomenon satisfying an operation condition of the set function having been set has occurred.

Abstract: Setting safety function, as appropriate, according to a user environment is enabled, thereby enhancing safety function. According to selection information from a safety function selection unit 120, a function setting unit 116 sets arbitrary function among a plurality of functions as safety function pertaining to usage of a gas. When operating conditions for safety function are fulfilled, a monitoring unit 112 detects malfunction, which would arise during usage of a gas, and outputs a safety signal to a control unit 114 in accordance with the set safety function. In accordance with a safety signal from the monitoring unit 112, the control unit 114 cuts off a gas supply when an event fulfilling operating conditions for the set function has arisen. When an event fulfilling operating conditions for an unset function has arisen, a communication unit 124 reports occurrence of malfunction pertaining to unset function to the monitoring center 200.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to appropriately control the use limit function of an appliance according to the concentration level of CO gas. A gas shutoff device is made up of a flow rate registration unit 28 for registering as an appliance flow rate, an average flow rate found by classifying and storing in a flow rate storage unit 26 after flow rate detection, a CO gas leakage determination unit 29 for inputting an output signal responsive to the concentration level of CO gas from a CO alarm 20, an appliance estimation unit 30, when a signal is output by the CO gas leakage determination unit 29 and the flow rate is registered in the flow rate registration unit 28, for storing a flow rate pattern group stored in the flow rate storage unit 26 and the registered flow rate and estimating a CO gas leakage appliance, an appliance flow rate storage unit 31 for storing the flow rate pattern group, and a communication unit 35 for reporting appliance information.

Abstract: An error-correction coding method that includes outer coding of performing a coding process for an outer code; and inner coding of performing a coding process for an inner code that has an error correction capability adjusted based on an error correction capability of the outer code.

Abstract: An FEC frame structuring device includes a multi-lane distributing unit that distributes a data frame to be transmitted to n lanes, FEC coding units each performs FEC coding of the distributed data frame independently for each of the n lanes to generate an FEC frame, a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the FEC frame from the FEC coding units by relating to m channels of an optical signal, a demultiplexing unit that demultiplexes the m channels of the received optical signal by relating to the n lanes, FEC decoding units each performs FEC decoding of the demultiplexed FEC frame independently for each of the n lanes, and a multi-lane synchronizing unit that synchronizes the n lanes with each other after the FEC decoding performed by the FEC decoding units to reconstruct the original data frame.

Abstract: An optical receiving apparatus includes: an A/D converting circuit; a received-signal demodulating circuit that demodulates a received digital signal from the A/D converting circuit into an m-bit received signal; a soft-decision-data generating circuit that generates n-bit (n?m) soft-decision data based on the m-bit received signal; and an error correcting circuit that performs error correction based on the n-bit soft-decision data and outputs an error-corrected received signal. The soft-decision-data generating circuit generates soft-decision data of n bits (n=p+1) that corresponds to a determination result according to 2n?1 soft-decision thresholds, by using an MSB of the m-bit received signal as hard-decision data, and by using, as reliability information, a result of comparison between a plurality of bits (k bits, where k?m) on an MSB side of the m-bit received signal and a fixed threshold, or p bits (p?m?k) selected from (m?k) bits on an LSB side of the m-bit received signal.

Abstract: An error correcting device in an optical communication system that transmits a transmission frame formed by adding an overhead and an error correction code to information data uses a concatenated code or an iterated code of at least two error correction codes as an outer code and an error correction code for soft-decision decoding as an inner code.