Abstract: An optical measurement device includes an optical system that focuses emitted light that is emitted from a measurement surface of a light emitting electronic display or a light emitting surface of which a speckle contrast or a sparkle contrast is to be measured; a two-dimensional sensor array having a two-dimensional sensor array surface on which the emitted light is focused, the two-dimensional sensor array capturing an image of the emitted light; and a calculation unit that calculates the speckle contrast or the sparkle contrast based on the image of the emitted light captured under an imaging condition under which a size of a light-emitting region on the measurement surface is constant, the light-emitting region contributing to formation of a diffraction limited spot of the emitted light on the two-dimensional sensor array surface.

Abstract: A sparkle contrast correcting method includes a step of acquiring a first sparkle contrast that is caused by an anti-glare layer that is disposed on a surface of an electronic display and information that represents a first measurement condition, the first sparkle contrast being used as a comparison standard and being measured in the first measurement condition by using a first imaging lens that images emitted light from the anti-glare layer and a first two-dimensional image sensor on which the emitted light is imaged, a step of acquiring a second sparkle contrast that is caused by the anti-glare layer and information that represents a second measurement condition, the second sparkle contrast being used as a comparison target and being measured in the second measurement condition that differs from the first measurement condition by using a second imaging lens that images emitted light from the anti-glare layer and a second two-dimensional image sensor on which the emitted light is imaged, and a step of correc

Abstract: A portable lighting device includes: a coherent light source; a shaping optical system that shapes coherent light emitted from the coherent light source; and a diffractive optical element that diffracts the coherent light shaped by the shaping optical system to a surface to be irradiated (IP). The diffractive optical element is rotatably supported. The surface to be irradiated is lighted in a pattern depending on a diffraction pattern of the diffractive optical element.

Abstract: An illumination device has a coherent light source that emits coherent light beam, and an optical device that diffuses the coherent light beam, wherein the optical device comprises a first diffusion region that diffuses the coherent light beam to illuminate a first area, and a second diffusion region that diffuses the coherent light beam to display predetermined information in a second area.

Abstract: An optical measurement device includes an optical system that focuses emitted light that is emitted from a measurement surface of a light emitting electronic display or a light emitting surface of which a speckle contrast or a sparkle contrast is to be measured; a two-dimensional sensor array having a two-dimensional sensor array surface on which the emitted light is focused, the two-dimensional sensor array capturing an image of the emitted light; and a calculation unit that calculates the speckle contrast or the sparkle contrast based on the image of the emitted light captured under an imaging condition under which a size of a light-emitting region on the measurement surface is constant, the light-emitting region contributing to formation of a diffraction limited spot of the emitted light on the two-dimensional sensor array surface.

Abstract: A portable lighting device includes: a coherent light source; a shaping optical system that shapes coherent light emitted from the coherent light source; and a diffractive optical element that diffracts the coherent light shaped by the shaping optical system to a surface to be irradiated (IP). The diffractive optical element is rotatably supported. The surface to be irradiated is lighted in a pattern depending on a diffraction pattern of the diffractive optical element.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic member in which density unevenness of an image is less likely to occur even in the case of outputting an image after standing in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long period of time. The electrophotographic member includes: an electroconductive substrate; an electroconductive elastic layer on or above the substrate; and an insulating portion on the elastic layer, an outer surface of the electrophotographic member being composed of an outer surface of the insulating portion and an outer surface of the elastic layer that is not covered with the insulating portion, wherein the elastic layer contains a urethane resin as a first resin, and the elastic layer has a region from the outer surface of the elastic layer constituting the outer surface of the electrophotographic member to a depth of 1 ?m, the region further containing a second resin.

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.

Abstract: An optical device including a hologram recording medium that can reproduce an image of a reference member and an irradiation unit that emits a coherent light beam to the optical device. The irradiation unit includes a light source for emitting a coherent light beam and a scanning device capable of adjusting a reflection angle of the coherent light beam emitted from the light source and that makes a reflected coherent light beam scan the hologram recording medium. The light source has light sources for emitting coherent light beams having different wavelength ranges. The hologram recording medium has a plurality of recording areas to be scanned with a plurality of coherent light beams reflected by the scanning device, respectively. Each of the plurality of recording areas has an interference fringe that diffracts a coherent light beam of the corresponding wavelength range.

Abstract: The developing roller includes an electro-conductive substrate and a covering layer on the electro-conductive substrate, the covering layer including a matrix and an electro-conductive particle dispersed in the matrix, an arithmetic mean value of the current value is 300 pA or less and the standard deviation of the current value is 0.1-fold or less of the current value, a standard deviation of a potential is 3.0 V or more, and an arithmetic mean value of a volume resistivity is 1010 ?·cm or less, and a standard deviation of the volume resistivity is 1-fold or more of the arithmetic mean value of the volume resistivity.

Abstract: Provided are a functional film capable of achieving adhesion between a hard coat layer and a functional layer as well as achieving desired optical properties, and a polarizing plate and an image display device, both of which include the above functional film. One aspect of the present invention provides a functional film including a hard coat layer containing a binder resin and plural inorganic particles, and a functional layer closely attached to the front surface of the hard coat layer, wherein the hard coat layer includes a first region including a layer zone, in which denseness of the inorganic particles is 60% or more, from the front surface to a depth of 100 nm in the hard coat layer, and a second region, in which denseness of the inorganic particles is 59% or less, below a depth of 100 nm from the front surface in the hard coat layer.

Abstract: An illumination device includes an optical element including a hologram recording medium capable of diffusing a coherent light beam, the hologram recording medium comprising a plurality of regions, each region diffusing a coherent light beam to an illuminated region corresponding to that region, and an irradiation device configured to irradiate the optical element with the coherent light beam so as to allow the coherent light beam to scan the hologram recording medium. The coherent light beam incident to a position existing in each region of the hologram recording medium is diffused to an entire region of the illuminated region corresponding to the region in order to illuminate the entire region of the illuminated region.

Abstract: The developing member has an electroconductive substrate, and an elastic layer having a mono-layer structure on the substrate as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer has a thickness of T ?m and a volume resistivity of 1.0×105 ?·cm to 1.

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.

Abstract: Provided is a developing member capable of sufficiently securing a toner conveyance amount, thereby being capable of suppressing a reduction in image density, even when a solid black image or an image having a high print percentage is continuously output. The developing member includes an electro-conductive substrate and an electro-conductive layer thereon, an outer surface of the developing member includes a first, second and third regions, when surface potentials of the respective regions with scanning probe microscope, and measured surface potential of the respective regions are defined as V1, V2, and V3, respectively, V1 is ?0.70 V to ?0.50 V, 1.30?V1/V2?25.00, and V3 is 0.00 V to 0.50 V.

Abstract: Provided is a developing member capable of sufficiently securing a toner conveyance amount, thereby being capable of suppressing a reduction in image density, even when a solid black image or an image having a high print percentage is continuously output. The developing member includes an electro-conductive substrate and an electro-conductive layer thereon, an outer surface of the developing member includes a first, second and third regions, when surface potentials of the respective regions with scanning probe microscope, and measured surface potential of the respective regions are defined as V1, V2, and V3, respectively, V1 is ?0.70 V to ?0.50 V, 1.30?V1/V2?25.00, and V3 is 0.00 V to 0.50 V.

Abstract: The developing member has an electroconductive substrate, and an elastic layer having a mono-layer structure on the substrate as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer has a thickness of T ?m and a volume resistivity of 1.0×105 ?·cm to 1.

Abstract: An illumination device has a coherent light source that emits coherent light beam, and an optical device that diffuses the coherent light beam, wherein the optical device comprises a first diffusion region that diffuses the coherent light beam to illuminate a first area, and a second diffusion region that diffuses the coherent light beam to display predetermined information in a second area.

Abstract: The developing member includes a substrate, and an electroconductive layer on the substrate, wherein the electroconductive layer has electrically insulating domains on an outer surface thereof, the domains being independent from each other, the developing member has an outer surface including a surface of the electroconductive layer and surfaces of the domains, and wherein, when each of the domains is orthographically projected onto the surface of the electroconductive layer, defining respective areas of projected images of the domains as S, and defining respective areas of convex envelopes of the projected images as H, at least one domain satisfies the relation represented by 0.05?S/H?0.80.

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.