Abstract: A solid state image sensor including a number of lateral type static induction transistors arranged in a matrix, sources of all transistors being commonly connected to ground potential, gates of transistors arranged in each row being commonly connected to respective row lines and drains of transistors arranged in each column commonly connected to respective column lines, a vertical scanning circuit connected to the row lines, a plurality of column selection transistors each connected between respective column lines and a video output line, and a horizontal scanning circuit connected to gates of the column selection transistors. After one row has been read out, photocarriers stored in transistors belonging to the relevant row are simultaneously discharged by means of a reset signal supplied from the vertical scanning circuit.

Abstract: In a solid state image sensor including a plurality of light receiving elements in a matrix manner, each light receiving element is composed of a static induction transistor having a MOS gate construction formed on a surface of a semiconductor substrate and having a potential barrier formed in a vertical direction perpendicular to the semiconductor substrate surface. Therefore, a self-alignment process can be preferably applied to a formation of the solid state image sensor, so that the light receiving elements can be integrated in an easy and simple manner.

Abstract: A waveguide for propagating a light beam, a coupler for coupling the light beam to the waveguide, and a thin film layer provided on the bottom surface of the coupler and consisting of a substance having a refractive index lower than the refractive indices of the waveguide and the coupler, the coupler being joined to the waveguide by optical contact with the thin film layer interposed therebetween, together constitute an optical coupler device which is compact and stable in optical coupling characteristic.

Abstract: An optical head comprises a light source unit for supplying a light beam, a condensing unit for condensing the light beam from the light source unit on an object surface and directing the light beam from the object surface to a detecting unit, the condensing unit being movable relative to the light source unit and the detecting unit, a detecting unit for detecting the light beam from the condensing unit, and a flexible optical transmitter forming an optical path leading from the light source unit to the condensing unit and an optical path leading from the condensing unit to the detecting unit.

Abstract: A solid state image sensor including a number of pixels each of which has a source region, a drain region and a signal readout gate electrode having a portion formed between the source and drain regions, a light receiving gate electrode formed separately from the signal readout gate electrode, and a transfer gate electrode, the source and drain regions being formed in a surface of an epitaxial layer and the light receiving gate electrode, transfer gate electrode and signal readout gate electrode being formed on the epitaxial layer via a gate insulating film. After light signal charges have been stored underneath the light receiving gate electrode for a desired shutter open period in all pixels, the light signal charges are transferred into portions in the epitaxial layer underneath the signal readout gate electrodes via the transfer gate electrodes. Then, the light signal charges are successively readout by means of an XY address system to derive an output video signal.

Abstract: In a magnetooptic reproducing device wherein a light beam polarized in a predetermined direction is incident on a magnetic recording medium and signals recorded on the recording medium are optically read by the utilization of the magnetooptic effect, a polarization component of the signal light from the recording medium in a direction perpendicular to a polarization component in the predetermined direction is relatively increased as compared with the latter component, thereby enhancing the utilization efficiency of the signal light in detection and enabling detection of great S/N ratio or observation of a recorded pattern of high visibility. Also, signal recording as well as reproducing can be accomplished by one common optical system.

Abstract: This specification discloses an original reading apparatus for converting information such as pictures an writings on an original surface into electrical signals for reading. The apparatus comprises a carriage for moving an original in a predetermined direction, an illuminating system for illuminating a narrow line on the original perpendicular to the direction of movement of the original, a photoelectric sensor including a plurality of photoelectric elements arrayed in the direction of the illuminated line and over the width of the original, and means for reading the signals provided on each photoelectric conversion surface in the fashion of time series. In the apparatus, the illuminating system and the photoelectric sensor are made integral to form a compact head, and the head can scan the original while being in intimate contact with the original to thereby produce information signals of high resolution.

Abstract: Beam deflecting device constructed with an optical waveguide, a pair of transducers for generating acoustic waves in the waveguide, a device for intersecting a first and a second light beam with acoustic waves from mutually different directions and for diffracting the light beams, a driving device for driving the transducers, and a device for effecting change-over between the first light beam and the second light beam.

Abstract: This specification discloses an original reading apparatus for converting information such as pictures and writings on an original surface into electrical signals for reading. The apparatus comprises a carriage for moving an original in a predetermined direction, an illuminating system for illuminating a narrow line on the original perpendicular to the direction of movement of the original, a photoelectric sensor including a plurality of photoelectric elements arrayed in the direction of the illuminated line and over the width of the original, and means for reading the signals provided on each photoelectric conversion surface in the fashion of time series. In the apparatus, the illuminating system and the photoelectric sensor are made integral to form a compact head, and the head can scan the original while being in intimate contact with the original to thereby produce information signals of high resolution.

Abstract: A device for scanning a beam spot. The device has a light deflecting portion and a light condensing thin film lens formed on a thin film waveguide path. In this device, a chirped signal is applied to a surface elastic wave transducer constituting the light deflecting portion, whereby scanning of the beam spot is effected on or near the curved end surface of the thin film waveguide path. This device is very compact and capable of high-speed scanning.

Abstract: An optical apparatus to reproduce information recorded by a magnetic recording medium in utilization of the interaction between light and magnetism, the apparatus being constructed with a light source to supply a light beam for reproduction; a polarizing beam splitter, the transmission and reflection factors of which are dependent on the polarizing direction of the light beam, and which leads the light beam for reproduction from the light source to the magnetic recording medium, and, in interaction with the magnetism in the magnetic recording medium, receives again the emitting light beam for reproduction to lead it to a direction different from the direction of the light source; and a rotatory polarizing device disposed in a light path of the light beam for reproduction between the polarizing beam splitter and the magnetic recording medium, and to rotate the polarized plane of the light beam for reproduction.

Abstract: This specification discloses a focusing screen adapted for use with the range finder of a camera, particularly a split image type focusing screen. This screen comprises a pair of portions desposed in the center of the real image plane of the camera, and each portion has a refracting means and a diffracting means. Thereby, in a defocused condition, the images viewed through the portions are split each other and blurred. Further, this screen can be used wth an objective lens having a small aperture ratio.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for scanning and duplicating documents with high resolution. The apparatus herein disclosed includes an array of printing nozzles and a photosensor comprising sensor elements the number of which per line is smaller than the full number of desired image resolution points and which are arranged two-dimensionally. Small apertures are disposed optically conjugate with said photosensor in such manner that light from the desirable resolution points may fall on the corresponding individual sensor elements through a focusing lens. Through an optical system comprising another focusing lens and two rotary mirrors, an image of the document is formed on the mask. The image of document on the mask is moved in two orthogonal directions while the two mirrors being rotated sequentially to scan the document and detect image points of desirable resolution. Signals obtained therefrom are used to operate the printing nozzles.

Abstract: A photographic camera provided with a finder system having, at the focal plane of the imaging lens, a light diffusing plate having a rotationally asymmetric diffusion property or a rotationally asymmetric angular distribution of diffused light. Such a camera is provided with a photosensor for light measuring therewithin. The diffusing plate diffuses light so that the photosensor receives an appropriate quality of light, and so that the light is distributed in the manner that the operator can easily focus the camera.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for splitting a light beam applicable to a light metering apparatus of a single lens reflex camera. Having a diffraction lattice structure built in the condenser lens, this device has both a beam splitting function and a light condensing function. More in detail, this device includes a condenser lens section and a transparent sheet having a diffraction lattice in one portion which are interconnect by having a lower index layer inbetween. One portion of the light that passes through the taking lens of the camera and is incident on said transparent sheet is diffracted by said diffraction lattice, and further the diffracted light is totally reflected at the boundary surface between said lower index layer and transparent sheet, and transmitted to the end surface of the transparent sheet when it is detected.

Abstract: A multi-layer extruded article useful for packaging materials, comprising a gas-barrier layer and a polyolefin layer laminated on at least one of the opposite sides of the gas-barrier layer, the gas-barrier layer being made of a mixture comprising a saponification product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a saponification product of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a different ethylene content from the first saponification product, and a polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A camera having a holographic indicator in which a reconstructed image of hologram and an image of an object formed by an image forming optical system are formed on the same plane, so that the reconstructed image and the object's image can be observed at the same diopter through a common observation optical system.

Abstract: A camera having a holographic indicator in which a focused image hologram is held on an image plane of the view finder of the camera and a light source is arranged to illuminate the hologram in such a direction that the light transmitted through the hologram goes out of the path of the view finder. The hologram may be also a relief type blazed hologram which has a transmitting factor (zero-order diffraction factor) higher than 90% for the light from an object and which makes the light from the reconstructed image of the hologram pass through the path of the view finder. This hologram indicator never affects the object's image when the hologram is not illuminated.

Abstract: An improved output unit used in recording information on a recording medium is disclosed which comprises a plurality of output parts and in which recording of information is carried out while changing the relative position between the output from the output parts and the recording medium. The improved output unit according to the invention is characterized in that the output parts are arranged in rows in a predetermined direction and are disposed in such a manner that information may be put out selectively from the output parts so as to prevent information from being recorded in overlapping fashion on the recording medium in a manner as often occurs in the conventional unit. Spacing between the output parts is selected large enough that the output parts are easy to manufacture. Since a plurality of output parts can be operated very effectively, extremely high recording efficiency is achieved using the information output unit according to the invention.

Abstract: According to the present invention in the image forming light path a direction-selective diffraction element is provided in such a manner that the image forming beam having entered into said diffraction element is diffracted by means of the diffraction grating structure of said diffraction element and devided into a plurality of beams, whereby at least one of the diffracted beams is led to a photo detecting device while the not diffracted beam is made use of as the image forming beam.