Abstract: A magnetic detector comprises a first magnetic sensor configured to measure a first magnetic field component, a second magnetic sensor configured to measure a possible magnetic field component, a processor, and a memory configured to store a program. The program comprises closest proximity detection processing of detecting a timing at which the magnetic body passes a closest proximity position, closest proximity position component acquisition processing of acquiring the first magnetic field component measured at the timing and the possible magnetic field component, predetermined position component acquisition processing of acquiring the first magnetic field component when the magnetic body is at a predetermined position, distance estimation processing of estimating a third direction distance, and magnetic moment amount estimation processing of estimating a magnitude of the magnetic moment.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device includes at least one magnetic sensor and a support. A center of gravity of an element layout area of the at least one magnetic sensor is deviated from a center of gravity of a reference plane of the support. The at least one magnetic sensor includes four resistor sections constituted by a plurality of magnetoresistive elements. Magnetization of a free layer in each of two of the resistor sections includes a component in a third magnetization direction. The magnetization of a free layer in each of the other two resistor sections includes a component in a fourth magnetization direction opposite to the third magnetization direction.

Abstract: A positive electrode material includes a positive electrode active material, a coating layer, and a second solid electrolyte. The coating layer contains a first solid electrolyte and coats at least a portion of a surface of the positive electrode active material. The first solid electrolyte contains Li, M, and X, where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of metalloid elements and metal elements other than Li, and X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. The second solid electrolyte is in indirect contact with the positive electrode active material with the coating layer disposed therebetween. A ratio of a volume of the first solid electrolyte to a total volume of the first solid electrolyte and the second solid electrolyte is greater than or equal to 4% and less than or equal to 60%.

Abstract: A coated active material includes a positive electrode active material and a coating layer coating at least a portion of a surface of the positive electrode active material. The coating layer includes a first coating layer, which contains a first solid electrolyte, and a second coating layer, which contains a base material. The first coating layer is located outside of the second coating layer. The first solid electrolyte contains Li, M, and X, where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of metalloid elements and metal elements other than Li, and X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. A ratio of a specific surface area of the coated active material to a specific surface area of the positive electrode active material coated with the second coating layer is less than or equal to 42%.

Abstract: According to an electrochromic element of the present disclosure, when maximum and minimum optical densities in a coloring region face when an inter-electrode distance is constant are ?ODmax and ?ODmin, respectively, the electrodes distance d?=d+?d (d: an inter-electrode distance when the inter-electrode distance of a pair of electrodes is constant, ?d: an inter-electrode distance correction amount) at a position providing ?ODmin, and when an optimal inter-electrode distance correction amount ?d0 calculated when an optical density difference between ?ODmax and ?ODmin is completely eliminated at the position providing ?ODmin is defined as equation: ?d0 (?OD)=d×(?ODmax/?ODmin?1), ?d at a position providing ?ODmin is smaller than or equal to the maximum value ?d0, MAX of ?d0 (0<?OD<D) at 0<?OD<D and larger than or equal to ?d0 (?OD=D) at ?OD=D.

Abstract: In an electrochromic element including a pair of electrodes and an electrochromic layer disposed between the pair of electrodes, a shape of a light modulating region viewed from a normal direction of the electrode being circular, when a sheet resistance of the electrode is rs (?), a resistance of the electrode is r (?), a diameter of the light modulating region is L [m], a distance between the pair of electrodes is d (m), the resistivity of the electrochromic layer is ? (?), and a resistance of the electrochromic layer is R (?), a resistance ratio (r/R) between the electrode and the electrochromic layer, as shown by r/R=(rsL2)/(?d), is 2 or more and 20 or less.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes an electrochromic element 110 including an anode electrode 2a, a cathode electrode 2b, and an electrochromic layer 4, and drive means 120 connected to the electrochromic element. The electrochromic element 110 includes a plurality of anode terminals (A1, A2) electrically connected to the anode electrode 2a, and a plurality of cathode terminals (C1, C2) electrically connected to the cathode electrode 2b, and each of the anode terminals constitutes a terminal pair in combination with one of the cathode terminals. At least part of a first application period in which the drive means 120 applies a voltage to a first terminal pair that is one of the terminal pairs and at least part of a second application period in which the drive means 120 applies a voltage to a second terminal pair that is another one of the terminal pairs are not overlapped with each other.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus is provided. The image capturing apparatus comprises an image capturing element configured to capture an object image formed by light that has passed through an optical member using an electrochromic element and capable of electrically controlling a transmittance of the light. The image capturing apparatus further comprises one or more processors that execute a program stored in a memory, wherein the program, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to function as: a distribution acquisition unit configured to acquire a distribution characteristic of a transmittance of the electrochromic element based on a current value flowing to the electrochromic element; and an image processing unit configured to correct an image signal captured by the image capturing element in accordance with the distribution characteristic.

Abstract: An easily operable dimming device includes a dimming element operable to control the transmittance thereof for light, and a first notification device operable to make a notification of a piece of information on a change in transmittance of the dimming section.

Abstract: According to an electrochromic element of the present disclosure, when maximum and minimum optical densities in a coloring region face when an inter-electrode distance is constant are ?ODmax and ?ODmin, respectively, the electrodes distance d?=d+?d (d: an inter-electrode distance when the inter-electrode distance of a pair of electrodes is constant, ?d: an inter-electrode distance correction amount) at a position providing ?ODmin, and when an optimal inter-electrode distance correction amount ?d0 calculated when an optical density difference between ?ODmax and ?ODmin is completely eliminated at the position providing ?ODmin is defined as equation: ?d0 (?OD)=d×(?ODmax/?ODmin?1), ?d at a position providing ?ODmin is smaller than or equal to the maximum value ?d0, MAX of ?d0 (0<?OD<D) at 0<?OD<D and larger than or equal to ?d0 (?OD=D) at ?OD=D.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus is provided. The image capturing apparatus comprises an image capturing element configured to capture an object image formed by light that has passed through an optical member using an electrochromic element and capable of electrically controlling a transmittance of the light. The image capturing apparatus further comprises one or more processors that execute a program stored in a memory, wherein the program, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to function as: a distribution acquisition unit configured to acquire a distribution characteristic of a transmittance of the electrochromic element based on a current value flowing to the electrochromic element; and an image processing unit configured to correct an image signal captured by the image capturing element in accordance with the distribution characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochromic element includes a pair of electrodes and an electrochromic layer disposed between the pair of electrodes. The electrochromic layer contains an electrochromic material, a solvent, and a cyanoethylated polymer.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus comprises an electrochromic device and a drive unit operating for normal drive and heating drive of the electrochromic device. The electrochromic device comprises a pair of electrodes and an electrochromic layer including at least an electrochromic material and a solvent. Each of the paired electrodes has at least a pair of power supply sections on a surface thereof. The pair of power supply sections include a first power supply section and a second power supply section arranged oppositely relative to the first power supply section on the surface. The drive unit operates for the heating drive such that the electrochromic layer is heated by applying an alternating voltage between the pair of power supply sections of each of the paired electrodes so as to put any oppositely disposed positions of the paired electrodes in phase with each other.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes an electrochromic element 110 including an anode electrode 2a, a cathode electrode 2b, and an electrochromic layer 4, and drive means 120 connected to the electrochromic element. The electrochromic element 110 includes a plurality of anode terminals (A1, A2) electrically connected to the anode electrode 2a, and a plurality of cathode terminals (C1, C2) electrically connected to the cathode electrode 2b, and each of the anode terminals constitutes a terminal pair in combination with one of the cathode terminals. At least part of a first application period in which the drive means 120 applies a voltage to a first terminal pair that is one of the terminal pairs and at least part of a second application period in which the drive means 120 applies a voltage to a second terminal pair that is another one of the terminal pairs are not overlapped with each other.

Abstract: An easily operable dimming device includes a dimming element operable to control the transmittance thereof for light, and a first notification device operable to make a notification of a piece of information on a change in transmittance of the dimming section.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic element, including: a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode being transparent; a third electrode; and an electrolyte, an anodic organic electrochromic material, and a cathodic organic electrochromic material that are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the third electrode is electrically connectable to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode via the electrolyte, and in which the third electrode has an effective area that is larger than an effective area of the first electrode and an effective area of the second electrode.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus comprises an electrochromic device and a drive unit operating for normal drive and heating drive of the electrochromic device. The electrochromic device comprises a pair of electrodes and an electrochromic layer including at least an electrochromic material and a solvent. Each of the paired electrodes has at least a pair of power supply sections on a surface thereof. The pair of power supply sections include a first power supply section and a second power supply section arranged oppositely relative to the first power supply section on the surface. The drive unit operates for the heating drive such that the electrochromic layer is heated by applying an alternating voltage between the pair of power supply sections of each of the paired electrodes so as to put any oppositely disposed positions of the paired electrodes in phase with each other.

Abstract: An electrochromic device of the present disclosure includes an electrochromic element including an anode, a cathode, and an electrochromic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and a drive device connected to the electrochromic element. In the electrochromic device described above, the anode and the cathode include a plurality of pairs of electricity feeding portions, the pairs of electricity feeding portions are disposed so that straight lines which are drawn to pass through the pairs of electricity feeding portions are intersected with each other, and the drive device supplies different drive signals to the pairs of electricity feeding portions.

Abstract: Potential non-uniformity in a surface of an electrode in an electrochromic element is improved during coloring and color erasing. The electrochromic element includes a pair of transparent electrodes and an electrochromic layer placed between the transparent electrodes. Each of the transparent electrodes includes an end portion having an electric supply portion. The electric supply portions face each other. The surface resistivity of each of the transparent electrodes increases with the increase of the distance from a corresponding one of the electric supply portions. The potential of the transparent electrodes is such that the difference between the maximum and minimum potentials in a surface of each transparent electrode is less than or equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic element, including: a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode being transparent; a third electrode; and an electrolyte, an anodic organic electrochromic material, and a cathodic organic electrochromic material that are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the third electrode is electrically connectable to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode via the electrolyte, and in which the third electrode has an effective area that is larger than an effective area of the first electrode and an effective area of the second electrode.