Abstract: A cell mass-forming member that is capable of easily forming a cell mass and superior in industrial mass productivity; a culture container equipped with the cell mass-forming member; a method for producing cultured cells using the cell mass-forming member; and cultured cells with a cell mass-forming member that are equipped with the cell mass-forming member. The cell mass-forming member has a base material, an adhesion inhibition area and a cell adhesion area are formed on the surface of the base material; a micro-concavo-convex structure area including a plurality of convex portions is formed in the cell adhesion area; and a hydrophilic coating layer is formed on both the adhesion inhibition area and the cell adhesion area. The culture container and the cultured cells with a cell mass-forming member are equipped with the cell mass-forming member. The method for producing cultured cells includes using the cell mass-forming member.

Abstract: An anti-reflection structure having multiple bottomed tubular light absorption units that each have a bottom part having a substantially circular outer edge part and a wall part that is arranged upright along the outer edge part, an opening being formed above the bottom part, the anti-reflection structure satisfying specific conditions.

Abstract: An analytical substrate including a substrate of which at least a first surface includes a dielectric or a semiconductor, and a metal film on the first surface of the substrate, and which includes protruding portions and protruding portions, in which the height of apex portions of the protruding portions is the height of a peak that is the greatest distance from the substrate in the surface height distribution of the metal film; the height of apex portions of the protruding portions is the height of a peak that is the next greatest distance from the substrate in the surface height distribution of the metal film; and the average value of the width of the protruding portions excluding groove regions, in which the height of the peak is the smallest distance from the substrate is at most equal to 200 nm.

Abstract: An antireflective structure having multiple light absorbing units each of which has a bottomed cylindrical shape, the light absorbing unit includes a bottom portion including an outer edge portion having a substantially circular shape, and a wall portion rising along the outer edge portion, and an upper side of the bottom portion is an opening portion, the average height of the wall portions being greater than or equal to 5 ?m and smaller than or equal to 100 ?m, an average opening diameter of the opening portions being greater than or equal to 1 ?m and smaller than or equal to 10 ?m, and a pinching structure configured with minute projections that stand in a group with an average pitch greater than or equal to 10 nm and smaller than or equal to 500 nm is formed on the bottom portion.

Abstract: An analysis substrate including a substrate having at least a first surface made of a dielectric or a semiconductor, and a metal film provided on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the metal film has multiple non-deposition areas which are provided as an island-like gap shape having a length of 1 ?m or less in a long axis direction in the metal film and in which there is no metal and the first surface is exposed, wherein the sheet resistance of a surface of the metal film at 25° C. is 3 to 5,000?/?.

Abstract: A cell sheet-forming member provided with a surface for forming a cell sheet, wherein the surface comprises a plurality of flat parts and a plurality of concavo-convex parts. Each flat part has a shape extending along a first direction and the plurality of the flat parts are aligned along a second direction intersecting with the first direction over the entire surface. Either of convex parts or concave parts have a stepped structure and individual concave and convex parts include a plurality of the stepped structures which fill gaps between flat parts adjacent to each other, wherein the pitch of said stepped structures is from 100 nm to 10 ?m inclusive.

Abstract: An anti-reflection structure having multiple bottomed tubular light absorption units that each have a bottom part having a substantially circular outer edge part and a wall part that is arranged upright along the outer edge part, an opening being formed above the bottom part, the anti-reflection structure satisfying specific conditions.

Abstract: A top-emission type organic light emitting diode includes a substrate, a cathodic conductive layer including at least 70% by mass of Ag, an organic electroluminescence layer that includes a light emitting layer containing an organic light emitting material, an anodic conductive layer formed from a transparent conductor, and a lattice structure, in which a plurality of concave portions are periodically and two-dimensionally arranged. The cathodic conductive layer is laminated on the substrate. The organic electroluminescence layer is laminated on the cathodic conductive layer. The anodic conductive layer is laminated on the organic electroluminescence layer. The concave portions are provided to the cathodic conductive layer at an interface between the cathodic conductive layer and the organic electroluminescence layer. The lattice structure is a triangular lattice structure.

Abstract: A method is used to produced an organic thin-film solar cell that includes a substrate and an anode, an organic thin-film layer including an organic semiconductor layer, and a cathode layered on top of the substrate. The method includes forming a particle monolayer film that includes a mixture of particles of different average particle sizes on a surface of an original plate for a mold, dry etching using the particle monolayer film as an etching mask to form a recess and protrusion-shaped microstructure, producing a transfer member in which the microstructure is inverted, layering at least the anode and the organic thin-film layer on top of the substrate, transferring the microstructure or the inverted microstructure to a surface of the organic thin-film layer by pressing the mold or the transfer member thereon, and layering the cathode on top of the organic thin-film layer.

Abstract: Provided is an organic thin-film solar cell, including: a substrate, an anode, an organic thin-film layer that includes an organic semiconductor layer, and a cathode. The anode, the organic thin-film layer that includes the organic semiconductor layer, and the cathode are layered in order on top of the substrate. A recess and protrusion-shaped microstructure that includes a plurality of recesses or protrusions arranged two-dimensionally at random is formed in an interface between the organic thin-film layer and the cathode.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode includes an anodic conductive layer, an organic EL layer, and a cathodic conductive layer formed from Ag or an alloy of Ag, or the like, sequentially laminated on a substrate, such that a two-dimensional lattice structure is provided on a surface of the cathodic conductive layer on an organic EL layer side, an extraction wavelength and a distance between centers of concave portions or convex portions in the two-dimensional lattice structure are within a region surrounded by specific coordinates in a graph illustrating a relationship between the light extraction wavelength and the distance, and the depth of the concave portions or a height of the convex portions is 12 nm to 180 nm.

Abstract: An antireflective structure having multiple light absorbing units each of which has a bottomed cylindrical shape, the light absorbing unit includes a bottom portion including an outer edge portion having a substantially circular shape, and a wall portion rising along the outer edge portion, and an upper side of the bottom portion is an opening portion, the average height of the wall portions being greater than or equal to 5 ?m and smaller than or equal to 100 ?m, an average opening diameter of the opening portions being greater than or equal to 1 ?m and smaller than or equal to 10 ?m, and a pinching structure configured with minute projections that stand in a group with an average pitch greater than or equal to 10 nm and smaller than or equal to 500 nm is formed on the bottom portion.

Abstract: An optical element having, on one surface thereof, multiple recessed sections arranged at a most frequent pitch equal to or less than the wavelength of light in the operating environment, the optical element having, when seen in plan view, multiple domains in which the multiple recessed sections are aligned in a predetermined arrangement, and, multiple protruding sections formed in a region sandwiched between the multiple domains and/or in a region surrounded by the multiple recessed sections inside the domains, the multiple protruding sections accounting for a surface area ratio of 1%-15% as seen in plan view.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element substrate with which it is possible to increase the efficiency of use of light energy. An uneven structure on one substrate surface for an optical element is provided with a plurality of projections. The contour shape of the projections has an arc shape in plan view facing the one surface. The contour shape is formed by a first arc section and second arc section having different center points. The first arc section and second arc section bulge in mutually opposite directions.

Abstract: The semiconductor light-emitting element substrate is provided with: a reference surface which includes a flat surface parallel to a crystal plane of the material of the semiconductor light-emitting element substrate; and a plurality of protrusions which protrude from the reference surface, the protrusions being arranged on a two-dimensional lattice along the crystal plane and including a flat surface parallel with the crystal plane as a distal face. In a plane including the reference surface, mutually adjacent protrusions have a pitch P of not less than 100 nm and not more than 5.0 ?m, wherein 0.76?S1/S2?7.42 is satisfied, where S1 is a first area which is the total area of the distal faces per unit area as viewed in plan opposing the reference surface, and S2 is a second area which is the total area of the reference surface per unit area.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element substrate with which it is possible to increase the efficiency of use of light energy. An uneven structure on one substrate surface for an optical element is provided with a plurality of projections. The contour shape of the projections has an arc shape in plan view facing the one surface. The contour shape is formed by a first arc section and second arc section having different center points. The first arc section and second arc section bulge in mutually opposite directions.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode includes an anodic conductive layer, an organic EL layer, and a cathodic conductive layer formed from Ag or an alloy of Ag, or the like, sequentially laminated on a substrate, such that a two-dimensional lattice structure is provided on a surface of the cathodic conductive layer on an organic EL layer side, an extraction wavelength and a distance between centers of concave portions or convex portions in the two-dimensional lattice structure are within a region surrounded by specific coordinates in a graph illustrating a relationship between the light extraction wavelength and the distance, and the depth of the concave portions or a height of the convex portions is 12 nm to 180 nm.

Abstract: An optical element including, on a substrate, an anti-reflection layer on multiple small concave protrusions, which have a modal pitch less than or equal to a wavelength of light in an environment where the optical element is to be used, are formed; in which 80% or more of the concave protrusions include one or more steps, and satisfy the following conditions: 0.12d?ws?0.17d and 0.42h?zs?0.52h, in which d is a diameter of the concave protrusions, h is a depth of the concave protrusions, ws is a total width of the steps in any cut surface; and zs is an average depth of the steps.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode includes an anodic conductive layer, an organic EL layer, and a cathodic conductive layer formed from Ag or an alloy of Ag, or the like, sequentially laminated on a substrate, such that a two-dimensional lattice structure is provided on a surface of the cathodic conductive layer on an organic EL layer side, an extraction wavelength and a distance between centers of concave portions or convex portions in the two-dimensional lattice structure are within a region surrounded by specific coordinates in a graph illustrating a relationship between the light extraction wavelength and the distance, and the depth of the concave portions or a height of the convex portions is 12 nm to 180 nm.

Abstract: A mold for manufacturing an optical element is provided with a base material, and a recessing and protruding layer formed on a surface of the base material. The recessing and protruding structure of the recessing and protruding layer having a plurality of areas continuously arranged in a positional relationship in which the central point of seven adjacent protrusions is an intersection point of diagonal lines of six vertices of a regular hexagon, and the areas, shapes, and crystal orientations of the plurality of areas are random.