Abstract: In one embodiment, a permanent magnet has a composition represented by (Sm1-xRx)(FepMqCurCo1·p·q·r)z, where R is at least one element selected from Nd and Pr, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, and 0.22?p?0.45, 0.005?q?0.05, 0.01?r?0.1, 0.05?x<0.5, and 7?z?9. The permanent magnet includes a Th2Zn17 crystal phase as a main phase, and a ratio of diffraction peak intensity I(113) from a (113) plane of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase in powder X-ray diffraction to diffraction peak intensity I(300) from a (300) plane in powder X-ray diffraction is in a range of 0.9?I(113)/I(300)?1.7.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition of R (FepMqCur(Co1-sAs)1-p-q-r)z (R: rare earth element, M: Ti, Zr, Hf, A: Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Al, Si, Ga, Nb, Ta, W, 0.05?p 0.6, 0.005?q?0.1, 0.01?r?0.15, 0?s?0.2, 4?z?9). The permanent magnet includes a two-phase structure of a Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a copper-rich phase. An average interval between the copper-rich phases in a cross section including a crystal c axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase is in a range of over 120 nm and less than 500 nm.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a permanent magnet is provided with a sintered body having a composition represented by R(FepMqCurCo1-p-q-r)zOw (where, R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, and p, q, r, z and w are numbers satisfying 0.25?p?0.6, 0.005?q?0.1, 0.01?r?0.1, 4?z?9 and 0.005?w?0.6 in terms of atomic ratio). The sintered body has therein aggregates of oxides containing the element R dispersed substantially uniformly.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus includes: an air/fuel ratio control portion that performs a control of fluctuating the air/fuel ratio between rich and lean states; a data acquisition portion that acquires, as data for detecting abnormality, a parameter that corresponds to responsiveness during change of output of the A/F sensor between rich and lean peaks during the control; a straight line setting portion that sets a straight line that represents a tendency of change of the parameter relative to change in intake air amount of the engine based on the data acquired by performing acquisition of the data a plurality of times; and an abnormality determination portion that determines the presence/absence of abnormality of the A/F sensor based on comparison between the gradient of the set straight line and an abnormality criterion value.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus includes: an air/fuel ratio control portion that performs a control of fluctuating the air/fuel ratio; a data acquisition portion that acquires, as data for detecting abnormality, a responsiveness parameter while output of the air/fuel ratio sensor changes between rich and lean peaks during the control; an abnormality determination portion that determines presence/absence of abnormality of the sensor by using the data; and a distribution width determination portion that finds a distribution width of the data acquired by performing a plurality of acquisitions of the data, in an increase/decrease direction of the data. On the basis of comparison between the distribution width and an abnormality criterion value, the abnormality determination portion determines that the sensor has abnormality if the distribution width is less than the criterion value, and determines that the sensor does not have abnormality if the distribution width is not less than the criterion value.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus includes: an air/fuel ratio control portion that controls of fluctuating the air/fuel ratio; a data acquisition portion that acquires a responsiveness parameter during change of output of the sensor between rich and lean peaks; and a abnormality determination portion that when the number of acquisitions reaches or exceeds a first set number, the presence/absence of sensor abnormality based on the average value and the criterion-value is determined, if the average value is not in a pending region; however, if the average value is in the pending region, the data acquisition is performed until the number of acquisitions performed during a large-amount-of-intake-air state of the engine reaches a second set number, and the presence/absence of sensor abnormality based on the average value of the data acquired by the second set number of acquisitions and the criterion-value is determined.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: an control portion that controls fluctuating the air/fuel ratio; a data acquisition portion that acquires a responsiveness parameter during change of output of the sensor between a rich peak to a lean peak; and a determination portion that determines presence/absence of abnormality of the sensor based on an abnormality criterion value and a data average. When the number of the acquired data becomes equal to or greater than a first number, if the number of the acquired data during a large intake-air-amount of an engine is greater than or equal to a second number, the determination portion determines the presence/absence of abnormality, or if the number of the acquired data during the large intake-air-amount is less than the second number, the determination portion does not determines that, but acquires the data until the number of the acquired data during the large intake-air-amount reaches the second number.

Abstract: An extracting unit extracts a determination subject area from an input image shot by a camera. A recognition unit recognizes a presence of a specific object by comparing an image of the determination subject area with a reference image. An interval control unit controls an interval of an extracting position of the determination subject area to be extracted by the extracting unit based on a location of the determination subject area within the input image.