Abstract: A stimulation-responsive material comprises regions of pH-responsive polymer and regions of temperature-responsive polymer, the regions existing at different locations.

Abstract: A transmission includes an input shaft to receive a rotation of an engine, drive gears respectively attached to the input shaft to freely rotate individually, an output shaft disposed parallel to the input shaft in order to output rotation following a gear shift, driven gears respectively attached to the output shaft to freely rotate individually and to mesh with the drive gears, an engagement mechanism to fix a gear to be used in a gear shift individually, from among the drive gears, to the input shaft to be incapable of relative rotation, and a selector mechanism to fix, during the gear shift, the driven gear of a corresponding gear position individually, which meshes with the drive gear fixed to the input shaft by the engagement mechanism, to the output shaft to be incapable of relative rotation, and a hub that is fixed to the input shaft.

Abstract: A method for easily and non-invasively determining a degree of stratification and/or differentiation of cultured cells, and an apparatus for determining a degree of stratification and/or differentiation of cultured cells are provided. The invention relates to a method for determining a degree of stratification and/or differentiation of cultured cells, including: (a) a harvesting step of harvesting a culture solution of the cultured cells; (b) an analytical step of analyzing at least one type of a metabolite of the pentose phosphate pathway and/or the TCA cycle in the culture solution; and (c) a determination step of referring to a database of correlations between prospectively-obtained degrees of stratification and/or differentiation of the cultured cells and analytical results of metabolites, for analytical results obtained in the analytical step, to determine the degree of stratification and/or differentiation of the cultured cells.

Abstract: A transmission includes an input shaft to receive the rotation of an engine, drive gears attached to the input shaft so as to freely rotate, an output shaft to output rotation following a gear shift, driven gears that are attached to the output shaft so as to freely rotate and mesh with the drive gears, an engagement mechanism to fix a gear to be used in a gear shift, from among the drive gears, to the input shaft to be incapable of relative rotation prior to a gear shift, and a selector mechanism to fix, during the gear shift, the driven gear of a corresponding gear position, which meshes with the drive gear fixed to the input shaft by the engagement mechanism, to the output shaft to be incapable of relative rotation.

Abstract: This invention provides a culture control method and a cell culture apparatus that enable stable cell culture by regulating shear stress to be applied to cells within an adequate range. With the application of such culture control method and cell culture apparatus, cell culture is performed under agitation culture conditions in which the shear stress distribution is 0.5 Pa to 20 Pa in 80% or more of the culture vessel by volume.

Abstract: A transmission includes an input shaft for receiving rotation of an engine, an intermediate shaft connected to the input shaft via a damping mechanism, drive gears, driven gears, and an output shaft. Rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the driven gears, which are inserted into the output shaft to be free to rotate, via the damping mechanism, the intermediate shaft, and the drive gears. A gear shift is performed by fixing one of the driven gears to the output shaft to be incapable of relative rotation using a selector mechanism. An impact generated when the gear is fixed is absorbed and dampened by the damping mechanism, which is interposed between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft.

Abstract: A transmission includes an input shaft to receive the rotation of an engine, drive gears attached to the input shaft so as to freely rotate, an output shaft to output rotation following a gear shift, driven gears that are attached to the output shaft so as to freely rotate and mesh with the drive gears, an engagement mechanism to fix a gear to be used in a gear shift, from among the drive gears, to the input shaft to be incapable of relative rotation prior to a gear shift, and a selector mechanism to fix, during the gear shift, the driven gear of a corresponding gear position, which meshes with the drive gear fixed to the input shaft by the engagement mechanism, to the output shaft to be incapable of relative rotation.

Abstract: A state of cells while being cultivated is ascertained and a feed medium suitable for the cell state is added for producing a target substance to be produced with a high yield. The system for cultivating cells of the invention includes a bioreactor/fermentor for cultivating cells to be cultivated, a measuring device for measuring the culture cells being cultivated in the bioreactor/fermentor or a component contained in the culture solution, and a control device for selecting a feed medium to be added to the bioreactor/fermentor from two or more feed media having different composition ratios based on the culture cells state determined by measured values obtained by the measuring device.

Abstract: A cell is separated from a culture broth with an extremely simple configuration, and production yield of a target product is improved. There are provided separating means for separating a cell from the culture broth containing the cell, a buffer tank connected to the separating means through a first pipeline, at least one or more liquid reservoir tank connected to the buffer tank through a second pipeline, a first valve disposed on the first pipeline and controlling communication between the separating means and the buffer tank, and a second valve disposed on the second pipeline and controlling communication between the buffer tank and the liquid reservoir tank.

Abstract: A crankshaft of an engine is coaxially connected with a main shaft of a transmission through an input shaft. In the transmission, a counter shaft is incorporated below and in parallel with the main shaft. There are provided a main transmission and a sub transmission between the main shaft and the counter shaft. The driving force of the engine is divided into a front driving force and a rear driving force by a center differential and the front driving force is transmitted from the counter shaft to front wheels through a front drive shaft incorporated below and in parallel with the counter shaft and a front differential. The rear driving force is transmitted to rear wheels through a rear drive shaft and a rear differential.

Abstract: A crankshaft of an engine is coaxially connected with a main shaft of a transmission through an input shaft. In the transmission, a counter shaft is incorporated below and in parallel with the main shaft. There are provided a main transmission and a sub transmission between the main shaft and the counter shaft. The driving force of the engine is divided into a front driving force and a rear driving force by a center differential and the front driving force is transmitted from the counter shaft to front wheels through a front drive shaft incorporated below and in parallel with the counter shaft and a front differential. The rear driving force is transmitted to rear wheels through a rear drive shaft and a rear differential.

Abstract: A crankshaft of an engine is coaxially connected with a main shaft of a transmission through an input shaft. In the transmission, a counter shaft is incorporated below and in parallel with the main shaft. There are provided a main transmission and a sub transmission between the main shaft and the counter shaft. The driving force of the engine is divided into a front driving force and a rear driving force by a center differential and the front driving force is transmitted from the counter shaft to front wheels through a front drive shaft incorporated below and in parallel with the counter shaft and a front differential. The rear driving force is transmitted to rear wheels through a rear drive shaft and a rear differential.

Abstract: A crankshaft of an engine is coaxially connected with a main shaft of a transmission through an input shaft. In the transmission, a counter shaft is incorporated below and in parallel with the main shaft. There are provided a main transmission and a sub transmission between the main shaft and the counter shaft. The driving force of the engine is divided into a front driving force and a rear driving force by a center differential and the front driving force is transmitted from the counter shaft to front wheels through a front drive shaft incorporated below and in parallel with the counter shaft and a front differential. The rear driving force is transmitted to rear wheels through a rear drive shaft and a rear differential.