Abstract: This is a technology for non-contact power transmission to the laboratory animal biological information acquisition device 12 embedded in the multiple laboratory animals in the breeding cage 14, and provides the power reception device, which can observe the behavior of laboratory animals from outside without covering the breeding cage 14 with the power transmission side, and which can continuously supply power regardless of the direction and position of the laboratory animals. The secondary coil part 22 includes a magnetic core 31 having a circular cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of spiral coils 40a and 40b formed by winding a conductor so that the outer shape is substantially rectangular.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediary transfer member, image forming units, a voltage source, an executing portion, a setting portion, and a selecting portion configured to select a first mode or a second mode. In the first mode, each of exposure amounts of first and second exposure members is set so that a maximum toner amount per unit area during execution of an image forming operation is a first amount per unit area and a pre-exposure amount is set at a first pre-exposure amount. In the second mode, each of the exposure amounts is set so that the maximum toner amount per unit area is a second amount per unit area smaller than the first amount per unit area, and the pre-exposure amount is set at a second pre-exposure amount larger than the first pre-exposure amount.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus including a plurality of image forming stations, on the basis of a density of a toner image formed in an upstream image forming station, an operation of a pre-exposure device in a downstream image forming station is controlled.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus including a plurality of image forming stations, a pre-exposure device is not provided in at least a most upstream image forming station at which a toner image formed by the image forming station cannot arrive, and the pre-exposure device is provided in at least a most downstream image forming station at which the toner image formed by the image forming station can arrive.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of suppressing a charging lateral stripe liable to generate at a last stage of a lifetime of a photosensitive member while suppressing a density fluctuation is provided. A constitution which includes a photosensitive member 1, a charging portion 2, a charging voltage source S1, an exposure portion 3, a developing portion 4, an obtaining portion 120 for obtaining information relating to a cumulative operating amount and a controller 110 for effecting control so that a discharging operation for discharging the photosensitive member 1 by exposing the photosensitive member 1 to light by the exposure portion 3 is executed is used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an intermediary transfer member, image forming units, a voltage source, an executing portion, a setting portion, and a selecting portion configured to select a first mode or a second mode. In the first mode, each of exposure amounts of first and second exposure members is set so that a maximum toner amount per unit area during execution of an image forming operation is a first amount per unit area and a pre exposure amount is set at a first pre exposure amount. In the second mode, each of the exposure amounts is set so that the maximum toner amount per unit area is a second amount per unit area smaller than the first amount per unit area, and the pre exposure amount is set at a second pre exposure amount larger than the first pre exposure amount.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus including a plurality of image forming stations, on the basis of a density of a toner image formed in an upstream image forming station, an operation of a pre-exposure device in a downstream image forming station is controlled.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus including a plurality of image forming stations, a pre-exposure device is at least not provided in a most upstream image forming apparatus at which a toner image formed by the image forming station cannot arrive, and the pre-exposure device is at least provided in a most downstream image forming apparatus at which the toner image formed by the image forming station can arrive.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first toner image forming unit including a rotatable photosensitive drum and a charger and configured to form a first toner image on the drum, the charger being supplied with a DC voltage to charge; a movable intermediary transfer member supplied with a transferring current for transferring the first image from the drum onto the transfer member, the transfer member carrying a second toner image at a position upstream of the transfer portion; and a switching portion for switching a mode from a first mode in which a maximum toner deposition amount of the second image fed to the transfer portion and a transfer current supplied to the transfer member are set at respective standard levels to a second mode in which the toner deposition amount and the transferring current are set at respective predetermined levels which are different from the standard levels.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of suppressing a charging lateral stripe liable to generate at a last stage of a lifetime of a photosensitive member while suppressing a density fluctuation is provided. A constitution which includes a photosensitive member 1, a charging portion 2, a charging voltage source S1, an exposure portion 3, a developing portion 4, an obtaining portion 120 for obtaining information relating to a cumulative operating amount and a controller 110 for effecting control so that a discharging operation for discharging the photosensitive member 1 by exposing the photosensitive member 1 to light by the exposure portion 3 is executed is used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first toner image forming unit including a rotatable photosensitive drum and a charger and configured to form a first toner image on the drum, the charger being supplied with a DC voltage to charge; a movable intermediary transfer member supplied with a transferring current for transferring the first image from the drum onto the transfer member, the transfer member carrying a second toner image at a position upstream of the transfer portion; and a switching portion for switching a mode from a first mode in which a maximum toner deposition amount of the second image fed to the transfer portion and a transfer current supplied to the transfer member are set at respective standard levels to a second mode in which the toner deposition amount and the transferring current are set at respective predetermined levels which are different from the standard levels.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, and a charging member for electrically charging the photosensitive member in contact or proximity to the photosensitive member. The charging member forms an upstream gap and a downstream gap between the photosensitive member and itself. In addition, a power source applies a DC voltage to the charging member, an irradiation unit irradiates with light a surface of the photosensitive member in the upstream gap, and a controller controls the irradiation of the light by the irradiation unit. The photosensitive member is movable at a first speed and a second speed slower than the first speed, and wherein the irradiation of the light is effected when the photosensitive member is moved at the first speed to effect image formation, and is not effected when the photosensitive member is moved at the second speed to effect the image formation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes photosensitive drums; drum charging members, an AC voltage source for outputting an AC voltage commonly to at least two of the charging members; AC voltage control devices for the charging members; variable resistors connected between the AC voltage source and the at least two charging members, respectively; a use situation detecting unit for detecting use situations of the drums, respectively; and an adjusting unit for adjusting electric resistances of the variable resistors, respectively. The adjusting unit adjusts the electric resistances of the resistors in accordance with the detection results of the use situation detecting unit such that the discharge currents applied to the at least two charging members are within predetermined ranges, respectively.

Abstract: A charging device includes a charging member to charge an image bearing member; an applying device configured to apply to the charging member a charging bias voltage comprising a DC voltage component and an AC voltage component; an AC current detector; a DC current detector; and a controller. The controller determines a saturation peak-to-peak voltage V0 at which the detected DC current saturates when a peak-to-peak voltage of the AC voltage is increased, calculates a relational expression using only a detected AC current when a peak-to- peak voltage which is not more than the saturation peak-to-peak voltage V0 is applied, and determines the peak-to-peak voltage of the AC voltage applied to the charging member in an image forming operation on the basis of the relational expression and a detected AC current when a peak-to-peak voltage higher than the saturation peak-to-peak voltage V0 is applied.

Abstract: There is provided a superior shutter glass device that has a simple and light-weight structure, has a high degree of designability, and is fitted to each wearing user. Shutter glasses 400 form a structure body in which a transparent front shield 401 to which left and right liquid crystal shutters 403L and 403R are bonded is supported by a front frame 407. On both left and right ends of the front frame 407, left and right temples 402L and 402R are supported so as to be open or closed. The shutter glasses 400 supporting the liquid crystal shutters 403L and 403R using the front shield 401 are simple, light-weight, and have superior designability.

Abstract: An envelope filling apparatus inserts a sheet of paper into an envelope having a flap, and includes an envelope feed device, an air nozzle for blowing air into the envelope fed by the envelope feed device from an open end of the envelope to open the open end, and a sensing device for detecting that the open end of the envelope is opened. The apparatus further includes an insertion device for inserting the sheet of paper into the envelope from the open end, if the sensing device detects that the open end of the envelope is opened after the air nozzle is actuated, and a removal device for removing the envelope from a transport route, if the sensing device does not detect that the open end of the envelope is opened after the air nozzle is actuated and the insertion device is not actuated.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, a charging member, an applying device, an irradiation device, and a controller. The charging member contacts the photosensitive member to charge the photosensitive member. The applying device applies a direct-current voltage to the charging member. The irradiation device irradiates with light an upstream charging gap located upstream of a contact portion between the photosensitive member and the charging member in a rotation direction of the photosensitive member. The controller controls the irradiation device to irradiate with a first light amount when the photosensitive member rotates at a first speed, and to irradiate with a second light amount that is larger than the first light amount when the photosensitive member rotates at a second speed that is lower than the first speed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes photosensitive members, charging members supplied with charging voltages each comprising a component of a DC voltage and a component of an AC voltage, AC current measuring devices for measuring AC currents flowing into charging members, and control means for controlling peak-to-peak voltages of the AC voltages, wherein the control means calculates peak-to-peak voltages of the AC voltages required to provide a predetermined discharge current, from results of the measurements of the AC current measuring devices, and determines a maximum value of the required peak-to-peak voltages as a target value of a constant-voltage-control of the AC voltage in an image forming operation.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes photosensitive drums; drum charging members, an AC voltage source for outputting an AC voltage commonly to at least two of the charging members; an AC voltage control devices for the charging members; variable resisters connected between the AC voltage source and the at least two charging members, respectively; use situation detecting means for detecting use situations of the drums, respectively; and adjusting means for adjusting electric resistances of the variable resisters, respectively. The adjusting means adjusts the electric resistances of the resisters in accordance with the detection results of the use situation detecting means such that the discharge currents applied to the at least two charging members are within predetermined ranges, respectively.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member; charging device for electrically charging the photosensitive member by being supplied with a charging bias; a current detecting device for detecting a DC current flowing when a test bias in the form of a predetermined DC voltage biased with a predetermined AC voltage is applied to the charging device so as to cause discharging between the photosensitive member and the charging device; and a control device for controlling the charging bias on the basis of an output of the current detecting device.