Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising a lubricating base oil, and at least one ester additive selected from a first ester that is a fatty acid 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl alkyl ester and a second ester that is a 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl carboxylic acid alkyl ester, wherein a content of the ester additive is 0.01 to 5.0% by mass based on the total mass of the lubricating oil composition.

Abstract: The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of this invention comprises a base oil containing an ether-based compound, an amine salt of an acidic phosphoric acid ester, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amine-based antioxidants, metal inactivating agents and alicyclic epoxy compounds, and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant. The refrigerating machine oil of the invention comprises a base oil containing an ether-based compound, an amine salt of an acidic phosphoric acid ester, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amine-based antioxidants, metal inactivating agents and alicyclic epoxy compounds, and it is to be used together with an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant.

Abstract: The lubricating base oil of the present invention comprises an ester synthesized from: a first component that is at least one selected from polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 4 hydroxyl groups; a second component that is at least one selected from polybasic acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; and a third component that is at least one selected from monohydric alcohols having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms. In addition, the refrigerating machine oil and the working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention each comprise the above lubricating base oil.

Abstract: The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention comprises a mixed refrigerant comprising a hydrofluoroethane represented by the following formula (A), difluoromethane and tetrafluoropropene, and a refrigerating machine oil comprising at least one selected from a polyol ester, a polyvinyl ether and a polyalkylene glycol compound as a base oil, wherein a carbon/oxygen molar ratio of the base oil is 2.5 or more and 5.8 or less. C2HnF6-n??(A) [n represents 1 or 2.

Abstract: A working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the present invention comprises: a refrigerating machine oil comprising a complex ester as a base oil; and a hydrocarbon refrigerant having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the complex ester being obtainable by further esterifying, with at least one selected from a monohydric alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a fatty acid having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an ester intermediate obtained by reacting a neopentyl polyol with a dibasic acid, and having an acid value of 0.5 mgKOH/g or less, the refrigerating machine oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 2 to 50 mm2/s.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring capacitance difference are disclosed. In one aspect, first and second capacitive elements are connected between voltage receiving nodes for receiving first and second DC voltages and nodes connectable to a third DC voltage via a first, resp. second switch. Further, in a first phase, a voltage difference is applied to charge the capacitive elements and the switches are alternately closed. First resulting currents are measured. Further, in a second phase, the first and second DC voltages are applied alternatingly and the switches are alternately closed. Second resulting currents are measured. The capacitance difference can be determined from the first and second resulting currents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a working fluid composition for a refrigerator machine comprising a base oil comprising an ether-based compound, a carbodiimide compound, and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant. The present invention also provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising a base oil containing an ether-based compound and a carbodiimide compound, the refrigerating machine oil being used together with an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate laminated with an insulating layer, a first transmission line formed on the first semiconductor substrate, the first transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a second transmission line formed on the second semiconductor substrate, the second transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a first via layer for the signal lines, the first via layer for the signal lines being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, a first via layer for the grounds, the first via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, and a second via layer for the grounds, the second via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate laminated with an insulating layer, a first transmission line formed on the first semiconductor substrate, the first transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a second transmission line formed on the second semiconductor substrate, the second transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a first via layer for the signal lines, the first via layer for the signal lines being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, a first via layer for the grounds, the first via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, and a second via layer for the grounds, the second via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole.

Abstract: A surface component film (2) is etched using a resist (3) as a mask, and the surface component film (2) is patterned according to the shape of an aperture (3a). This results in a step portion (4) having the same shape as the aperture (3a), with the sidewall (4a) of the step portion (4) exposed through the aperture (3a). The aperture (3a) is spin-coated with a shrink agent, reacted at a first temperature, and developed to shrink the aperture (3a). To control the shrinkage with high accuracy, in the first round of reaction, the aperture is shrunk by, for example, about half of the desired shrinkage. The aperture (3a) is further spin-coated with a shrink agent, reacted at a second temperature, and developed to shrink the aperture (3a). In this embodiment, the second-round shrink process will result in the desired aperture length. The second temperature is adjusted based on the shrinkage in the first round.

Abstract: The refrigerating machine oil of the invention is characterized by comprising an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and fatty acids with a content of a C10-C13 branched fatty acid of 50% by mole or greater. The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of the invention is characterized in that the working fluid composition comprises an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and fatty acids with a content of a C10-C13 branched fatty acid of 50% by mole or greater, and a refrigerant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate laminated with an insulating layer, a first transmission line formed on the first semiconductor substrate, the first transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a second transmission line formed on the second semiconductor substrate, the second transmission line including a signal line and a ground, a first via layer for the signal lines, the first via layer for the signal lines being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, a first via layer for the grounds, the first via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole, and a second via layer for the grounds, the second via layer for the grounds being formed of a conductor layer formed within a via hole.

Abstract: The working fluid composition for a refrigerating machine of this invention comprises a base oil containing an ether-based compound, an amine salt of an acidic phosphoric acid ester, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amine-based antioxidants, metal inactivating agents and alicyclic epoxy compounds, and an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant. The refrigerating machine oil of the invention comprises a base oil containing an ether-based compound, an amine salt of an acidic phosphoric acid ester, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amine-based antioxidants, metal inactivating agents and alicyclic epoxy compounds, and it is to be used together with an unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.

Abstract: A surface component film (2) is etched using a resist (3) as a mask, and the surface component film (2) is patterned according to the shape of an aperture (3a). This results in a step portion (4) having the same shape as the aperture (3a), with the sidewall (4a) of the step portion (4) exposed through the aperture (3a). The aperture (3a) is spin-coated with a shrink agent, reacted at a first temperature, and developed to shrink the aperture (3a). To control the shrinkage with high accuracy, in the first round of reaction, the aperture is shrunk by, for example, about half of the desired shrinkage. The aperture (3a) is further spin-coated with a shrink agent, reacted at a second temperature, and developed to shrink the aperture (3a). In this embodiment, the second-round shrink process will result in the desired aperture length. The second temperature is adjusted based on the shrinkage in the first round.