Abstract: A reverse osmosis composite membrane comprises a sponge layer, and a separation layer formed on a surface of the sponge layer, wherein at least one substance selected from the group consisting of an electrically neutral organic substance and an electrically neutral polymer is present in the separation layer or a surface of the separation layer is coated with at least one substance selected from the group consisting of an electrically neutral organic substance and an electrically neutral polymer, and wherein the specific surface area of the layer in which the at least one substance is present or the separation layer before the surface coating is in the range of 2 to 1,000. The reverse osmosis composite membrane has a high salt rejection, a high water permeability, and a high fouling tolerance, and permits practical desalination at a relatively low pressure.

Abstract: A rear-projection screen 3, including at least a lenticular lens sheet 32 and a Fresnel lens sheet 31, is configured so that the lenticular lens sheet 32 contains, in a base material thereof made of a resin, light diffusing microparticles made of a resin having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the base material, and the light diffusing microparticles satisfy 0.5 &mgr;m≦&Dgr;N1×d1≦0.9 &mgr;m, where &Dgr;N1 represents a difference between a refractive index of the light diffusing microparticles and a refractive index of the base material of the lenticular lens sheet, and d1 represents an average particle diameter of the light diffusing microparticles. With this, a rear-projection screen with small wavelength dependency of diffusion characteristics can be provided utilizing only resins with general properties.

Abstract: A disk apparatus for reproducing in a preliminarily determined order digital video data recorded in a plurality of areas of an optical disk at different positions with respect to the radial position of the optical disk in a reproduction mode by an optical head. The reproduced video data is stored in a buffer memory and encoded by an MPEG decoder. The amount of digital video data corresponding to the access time for accessing the recording areas of the optical disk are reproduced from the optical disk at a speed higher than the bit rate at which the video data is input or output and stored in the buffer memory. The digital video data are continuously read out and reproduced from the buffer memory when the optical head is in the recording areas and accesses between the recording areas.

Abstract: In a fluoride including waste water processing device which comprises a reaction vessel and a sedimentation vessel, a calcium compound adding device adds calcium compound in fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel to react the calcium compound with fluoride of the fluoride including waste water to generate calcium fluoride. The sedimentation vessel has a bottom which is associated with a bottom of the reaction vessel through an opening hole. The fluoride including waste water is sent to the sedimentation vessel from the reaction vessel through the opening hole. The sedimentation vessel has an inclined bottom surface. The calcium fluoride is sent back, by a self-weight of the calcium fluoride, to the reaction vessel from the sedimentation vessel along the inclined bottom surface. An agitator aggregates the fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel. A polymer solution adding device adds polymer solution in the fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A bar code reader includes a semiconductor laser diode as a source of an elliptical shape divergent laser beam and a shaping section for shaping the elliptical shape divergent laser beam to provide a shaped laser beam in the form of a circular shape collimating laser beam. A distance measuring section measures a distance to a bar code label and generates a distance information signal. A temperature sensor is attached to a casing of the shaping section. The temperature sensor detects the ambient temperature and generates a temperature information signal. A focal position controlling section conducts a focal position control in response to the distance information signal and the temperature information signal so that the shaped laser beam will have its focal position on the bar code label. A scanning section lights the bar code label with the shaped laser beam that has been subjected to the focal position control.

Abstract: A disk apparatus includes buffer memories and a controller for performing control to time-divisionally and alternately write data in two recording areas at different radial positions on an optical disk. Input two-channel digital video data are alternately written in the buffer memories at the bit rate of the video data. The video data stored in the buffer memories are read out at a rate twice the average bit rate or more and written in the optical head by an optical head.

Abstract: In a fluoride including waste water processing device which comprises a reaction vessel and a sedimentation vessel, a calcium compound adding device adds calcium compound in fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel to react the calcium compound with fluoride of the fluoride including waste water to generate calcium fluoride. The sedimentation vessel has a bottom which is associated with a bottom of the reaction vessel through an opening hole. The fluoride including waste water is sent to the sedimentation vessel from the reaction vessel through the opening hole. The sedimentation vessel has an inclined bottom surface. The calcium fluoride is sent back, by a self-weight of the calcium fluoride, to the reaction vessel from the sedimentation vessel along the inclined bottom surface. An agitator aggregates the fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel. A polymer solution adding device adds polymer solution in the fluoride including waste water in the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A method for separating specific hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon mixture of hydrocarbons using a membrane made of a fluorine-containing polyimide resin having high separation ability with regard to certain hydrocarbons, and a high resistance to hydrocarbon is disclosed. The method is of high practicability with regard to performance and cost. Certain hydrocarbons permeate selectively and are separated by bringing a hydrocarbon mixture into contact with a membrane having a fluorine-containing polyimide resin as its main component, whose main component is the minimum repeating unit expressed by The mixture is passed through the membrane, thereby selectively permeating, for example, unsaturated hydrocarbons. The main component of the membrane is a fluorine-containing polyimide resin with a fractional free volume in the range of 0.130-0.175.

Abstract: A disk apparatus comprises a buffer memory and a controller for alternately recording onto and reproducing from an optical disk in a time sharing manner. During recording onto a recording area of the optical disk, during reproducing from a reproducing area of the optical disk, and during accessing in which an optical head moves between both of the areas for accessing, inputted video data is written into a buffer memory, video data stored in the memory is read and recorded at a speed that is at least twice higher than an average bit rate, and video data recorded on the reproducing area is reproduced at a speed that is at least twice higher than an average bit rate. During reproducing and during accessing in which the optical head is moved between both areas for accessing, digital continuous data stored in the memory is read and outputted, at a predetermined bit rate, to a monitor.

Abstract: In a screen for a rear image projection system, a Fresnel lens sheet, a lenticular lens array sheet whose longitudinal direction is arranged in the vertical direction, and a light diffusion sheet are provided in that order from the projection side. The light diffusion sheet has louver-shaped light absorption wall columns whose longitudinal direction is arranged in the horizontal direction and a light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer is located on the observation side of the light absorption wall columns. Projected light is properly dispersed and exits without causing the absorption loss due to the light absorption wall columns. Outside light entering from the observation side is diffused in the light diffusion layer and absorbed by the light absorption wall columns. Also, the total reflection component on the lenticular lens surface is absorbed by the light absorption wall columns. As a result, the decrease of contrast caused by the diffuse reflection can be reduced greatly.

Abstract: The present invention provides deflection yoke devices used for a cathode ray tube. One of the deflection yoke devices of the present invention comprises a compensation coil having a bobbin formed with a hollow in which an internal thread is cut, a screw core forcibly fitting in the hollow of the bobbin and a damping material interposed between the bobbin and the screw core to prevent the displacement of the screw core when an external vibration or a shock is applied to the deflection yoke device.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis composite membrane that has a high salt rejection, a high water permeability, and a high fouling tolerance, and permits practical desalination at a relatively low pressure is provided by coating the surface of a reverse osmosis membrane of aromatic polyamide with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), for example, and controlling the surface zeta potential of the separation layer within±10 mV at pH 6. This reverse osmosis composite membrane is electrically neutral and controls the electrical adsorption of membrane-fouling substances having a charge group present in water. Therefore, a high separation property can be maintained without fouling the membrane even if water containing a surfactant or a transition metal component is supplied as raw water.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis composite membrane comprising at least a porous support membrane layer and a separation layer, wherein a water-insoluble polymer layer having an anionic hydrophilic group formed on the surface of the separation layer is provided. Therefore, it has high anion property, high salt rejection, high water permeability, and chlorine tolerance, and can perform practical desalination under relatively low pressure.

Abstract: A fragmentary pulse width data train extractor scans a bar code label on a moving article with a scan beam projected onto the bar code label. The extractor receives the reflection of the scan beam, converts the reflected beam into an electric signal, and extracts only pulse width data trains corresponding to black and white bars of a bar code on the basis of the pulse width of the electric signal as fragmentary pulse width data trains. A synthesizing unit synthesizes a complete bar code pulse width data train from the extracted fragmentary pulse width data trains on the basis of position data of data pieces in the data trains, and outputs the complete bar code pulse width data train. A decoding unit converts the complete bar code plus width data train from the synthesizing unit into numerals, characters, etc. An outputting unit outputs the result of the conversion to an external apparatus.

Abstract: A separation membrane and a method of producing the membrane are provided. The membrane can control its permselectivity and its fouled pores can be easily washed by using the reversible shape change of the membrane. For this purpose, porous shape memory polymers are used for the separation membrane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a disk for recording specified data having a plurality of helically formed track areas with one round of the circumferential direction of the disk as one track and a plurality of sector areas in which the plurality of track areas given track numbers added continuously from the outer peripheral direction of the disk are dividedly formed. The plurality of sector areas further include a plurality of data areas for storing the specified data and one parity sector for storing the parity of the specified data stored therein. The plurality of sector areas are given sector numbers added continuously from the starting positions of the track areas. In an information recording block having the plurality of sector areas included in the specified number of ones of the plurality of track areas, a plurality of parities recorded in the parity sector areas of these track areas are calculated by using different track and sector numbers.

Abstract: The semipermeable membrane of polysulfone resin is formed of a continuous structure of a homogeneous skin layer part having an average thickness of 5 to 1000 nm and a porous layer which is made of the same material as that of the homogeneous skin layer and is thicker than the homogeneous skin layer, and the porous layer is formed of a structure having voids having an average pore diameter less than 3 .mu.m. Therefore, a gas separation membrane that has high permeation flux and requires practically satisfactory cost can be provided. Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether was added to polysulfone for dissolution, and the resultant solution was defoamed for preparation. The solution was cast on a support layer of polyester non-woven fabric using an applicator, dipped in water as a solidifying liquid, and dried. As a result, a semipermeable membrane comprising a homogeneous skin layer part and a porous layer is obtained.

Abstract: A polyimide resin semipermeable membrane has a continuous structure of a homogeneous skin layer part having an average thickness of 5-1000 nm and a porous layer that is made of the same materials and has the same thickness as the skin layer. The porous layer is formed by the void structure having the average hole diameter of less than 3 .mu.m so that a gas separation membrane can be provided, having high permeability and satisfying cost efficiency requirements can be provided. The above-mentioned membrane is formed by the following steps: a solution is made by adding diethylene glycol dimethyl ether into polyimide; the obtained solution is left for deaeration and adjusted; the film-forming solution is cast on a polyester nonwoven cloth, which serves as a supporting layer, with an applicator; the solution is soaked in water as a solidifying solution for 5 minutes and in a water. Thus semipermeable membrane comprising the homogeneous skin layer part and the porous layer.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing polyquinazolone polymer having a bisquinazolone unit represented by Formula 1 as the repeating unit is used for a gas separation membrane so that great chemical and heat resistance is provided. The membrane also has great permeability and effective separability, as well as excellent mechanical strength. ##STR1## where R.sub.1 indicates a tetravalent organic group, R.sub.2 respectively indicate an alkyl group or an aromatic group, R.sub.3 indicates a divalent organic group, and R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.3 indicates an organic group having at least one fluorine atom.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment of waste water containing a harmful ion such as a heavy metal ion or fluorine ion by the coagulating sedimentation method using an inorganic coagulant such as an iron compound or an aluminum compound. After separating treated water from the sediment (sludge) in which the harmful ion is incorporated in insoluble form, the pH of a mixture of the sediment and water is suitably adjusted to cause elution of the harmful ion from the sediment. Then the sediment is separated from the eluate and reused as an inorganic coagulant. By reusing the sediment in this manner, the waste water treatment is accomplished without producing a large quantity of sludge and the consumption of inorganic coagulant and auxiliary chemicals can be greatly reduced, while the concentration of the harmful ion in the treated water becomes sufficiently low.