Abstract: A toner concentration sensing apparatus includes a first acquisition processing portion, a second acquisition processing portion, and a third acquisition processing portion. The first acquisition processing portion acquires a first sensing value corresponding to light reflected by a first region of an image-carrying member where a toner image is not formed. The second acquisition processing portion acquires a second sensing value corresponding to light reflected by a second region of the image-carrying member where a toner image has been formed. The third acquisition processing portion acquires a component ratio of a component in the second sensing value, that corresponds to light reflected by toner adhered onto a surface of the image-carrying member, using a specific calculation formula determined based on a first relational expression based on the first sensing value and a second relational expression not based on the first sensing value, and the second sensing value.

Abstract: An I/O circuit is formed by combining plural types of standard cells contained in a cell library. For example, the standard cell includes a first element forming region having, formed therein, protection target elements each having a gate electrically connected to an external terminal, a second element forming region arranged in immediate proximity to the external terminal and having first protection elements formed therein, and a third element forming region arranged between the first and second element forming regions and having transistors formed therein. The transistors each have a drain connected to gates of the protection target elements and a source, gate, and back gate all connected to a power supply or ground terminal, thus functioning as a second protection element.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: first switching elements arranged in a first direction and each including a first gate wire extending in a second direction; and a back gate guard ring surrounding the first switching elements. The first switching elements are connected to each other in parallel and connected between a first pad and a second pad. The first switching elements include a driver switching element, the driver switching element being at least one first switching element located between two first end switching elements located at opposite ends of the first switching elements in the first direction. The first switching elements excluding the driver switching element include a first protection switching element, the first gate wire of the first protection switching element being connected to the first pad or the second pad.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a sealing device capable of achieving long-term electrical conductivity between a rotary shaft and a housing at low cost and in a space-saving manner. The problem is solved by a sealing device that is disposed in and seals a gap between an outer surface of a rotary shaft and an inner surface of a housing having a shaft hole into which the rotary shaft is inserted, the inner surface forming the shaft hole, and that can provide electrical conductivity between the housing and the rotary shaft pressed against the inner surface of the housing forming the shaft hole when the rotary shaft rotates.

Abstract: An output driver includes a first output signal generator that generates based on a first input signal a first output signal to feed it to the control terminal of a first protection element; a second output signal generator that generates based on a second input signal a second output signal to feed it to the control terminal of a second protection element; and a PN junction structure connected between an output terminal and a power terminal. In normal operation, the first output signal is at low level and the second output signal is at low or high level. When the second input signal is at a floating potential, the first input signal can be at a floating potential regardless of the potential at the power terminal.

Abstract: For example, an I/O circuit is formed by freely combining a plurality of kinds of standard cells included in a cell library. The plurality of kinds of standard cells include at least first standard cells and a second standard cell. The first standard cells include first protection elements and a first power line formed in a region over the first protection elements to conduct to the first protection elements. The second standard cell includes a second protection element formed in a layout identical with that of the first protection elements, and a second power line formed in a region over the second protection element to conduct to the second protection element while being isolated from the first power line.

Abstract: An electric pump includes a housing that includes a gear chamber, a rotor chamber, and a motor chamber. The electric pump includes a first seal member, a second seal member, and a third seal member. The first seal member seals a space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber. The second seal member seals the space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber. The third seal member seals a space between the gear chamber and the motor chamber. The third seal member seals the space between the gear chamber and the motor chamber to a lesser extent than the first seal member and the second seal member seal the space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber.

Abstract: A sealing device includes a metal retaining ring annular around an axis, a seal lip annular around the axis, and an electroconductive lip annular around the axis. The seal lip is fixed, on an outer peripheral side, to the retaining ring. The seal lip includes a seal extending obliquely relative to the axis, forming an end on an inner peripheral side, and including a first inner peripheral surface. The first inner peripheral surface contacts an inner-peripheral-side member. The electroconductive lip is fixed, on an outer peripheral side, to the retaining ring. The electroconductive lip includes a contact point extending obliquely relative to the axis, forming an end on an inner peripheral side, and including a second inner peripheral surface. The second inner peripheral surface contacts the inner-peripheral-side member. The seal lip and the electroconductive lip are spaced from each other at least at the seal and the contact point.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer having a principal surface, a first-conductivity-type well region formed at a surface layer portion of the principal surface of the semiconductor layer, a first-conductivity-type first impurity region that is formed at a surface layer portion of the well region and that has an inner wall portion, and a second-conductivity-type annular second impurity region formed at the surface layer portion of the well region on a more inward side than the inner wall portion such that a pn junction portion is formed between the well region and the second impurity region.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element according to an aspect of the disclosure includes: a pair of a cathode electrode and an anode electrode; a light-emitting layer provided between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; an electron transport layer provided between the cathode electrode and the light-emitting layer; and a hole transport layer provided between the anode electrode and the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer includes ZnSe-based quantum dots including ZnSe and one of the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer is composed of ZnO particles having an average particle size of 3 nm or greater and 30 nm or less.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element according to an aspect of the disclosure includes: a pair of a cathode electrode and an anode electrode; a light-emitting layer provided between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; an electron transport layer provided between the cathode electrode and the light-emitting layer; and a hole transport layer provided between the anode electrode and the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer includes ZnSe-based quantum dots including ZnSe and one of the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer is composed of ZnO particles having an average particle size of 3 nm or greater and 30 nm or less.

Abstract: An authentication system includes first and second authentication devices. The first authentication device judges whether a relationship between a first similarity based on a captured image and a registered image between a subject of authentication that is a person in the captured image and a subject of comparison that is a person in the registered image by the first authentication device. When it is judged that a predetermined condition is satisfied, the first authentication device instructs a second authentication device to perform identification authentication.

Abstract: A light reflection device is provided with a light source configured to emit irradiation light, a reflector configured to reflect the irradiation light emitted from the light source, a housing, and a holder attached to the housing to hold the reflector. The holder is configured to restrict a movement of the reflector and allows a size of the reflector to change in contrast with the holder. A mobile object is provided with the light reflection device, a screen on which an image is formed by the irradiation light reflected by the reflector, a front windshield configured to reflect the irradiation light diverged and projected through the screen, and an imaging optical system configured to project the irradiation light emitted from the screen toward the front windshield.

Abstract: A light-emitting element according to the disclosure includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a first light-emitting layer that includes a plurality of first quantum dots and emits light of a first color. The first light-emitting layer is provided between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and each of the plurality of first quantum dots includes a compound containing each of three elements of Zn, Se, and Te. A combination of an average particle size of the plurality of first quantum dots and a composition ratio of the three elements is selected such that the peak wavelength of a light emission spectrum of the first light-emitting layer is greater than 394 nm and equal to or less than 474 nm.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: an anode electrode; a cathode electrode; a plurality of light-emitting layers sandwiched between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode; and a light absorption layer disposed between the plurality of light-emitting layers and a light extraction surface, wherein the plurality of light-emitting layers include InP based quantum dots and are configured to emit at least green color of light and red color of light, and the light absorption layer selectively absorbs light at 570 to 610 nm.

Abstract: An electric pump includes a housing that includes a gear chamber, a rotor chamber, and a motor chamber. The electric pump includes a first seal member, a second seal member, and a third seal member. The first seal member seals a space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber. The second seal member seals the space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber. The third seal member seals a space between the gear chamber and the motor chamber. The third seal member seals the space between the gear chamber and the motor chamber to a lesser extent than the first seal member and the second seal member seal the space between the gear chamber and the rotor chamber.

Abstract: An electroluminescent element according to an aspect of the disclosure includes: a pair of a cathode electrode and an anode electrode; a light-emitting layer provided between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode; an electron transport layer provided between the cathode electrode and the light-emitting layer; and a hole transport layer provided between the anode electrode and the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer includes ZnSe-based quantum dots including ZnSe and one of the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer is composed of ZnO particles having an average particle size of 3 nm or greater and 30 nm or less.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a flow channel member that includes discharge holes, pressurizing chambers that are linked to the discharge holes, respectively, a first common flow channel(s) that is/are commonly linked to the pressurizing chambers, a second common flow channel(s) that is/are commonly linked to the pressurizing chambers, a first flow channel that links the pressurizing chambers and the first common flow channel(s), and a second flow channel that links the pressurizing chambers and the second common flow channel(s), and pressurizing parts that pressurize the pressurizing chambers, respectively, wherein the first flow channel includes a first connection flow channel that connects the first common flow channel(s) and first separate flow channels that are linked to one of the pressurizing chambers, and one of the first common flow channel(s) includes sets that are composed of the first connection flow channel and the first separate flow channels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display panel that includes red color filters, green color filters, and blue color filters; and an illumination device that illuminates the liquid crystal display panel with white light. The illumination device includes light-emitting elements that emit blue light, a green phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits green light, and a red phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits red light. The blue color filters are made of a colored material that contains a dye, and the chromaticity values x and y of the white light emitted from the illumination device satisfy the relationships 0.24<x and 0.24<y.

Abstract: A light reflection device is provided with a light source configured to emit irradiation light, a reflector configured to reflect the irradiation light emitted from the light source, a housing, and a holder attached to the housing to hold the reflector. The holder is configured to restrict a movement of the reflector and allows a size of the reflector to change in contrast with the holder. A mobile object is provided with the light reflection device, a screen on which an image is formed by the irradiation light reflected by the reflector, a front windshield configured to reflect the irradiation light diverged and projected through the screen, and an imaging optical system configured to project the irradiation light emitted from the screen toward the front windshield.