Abstract: A machine learning device includes a data extraction unit that extracts first and second parameters from a plurality of machining programs. The machining programs numerically control a machine tool. The first parameter is a parameter to be adjusted, and the second parameter is a parameter used to adjust the first parameter. The machine learning device also includes a machine learning unit that learns a value of the first parameter according to a data set that includes the first and second parameters.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises water, a lithium salt, and a polycarboxylic acid having two or more carboxylic acid groups. A secondary battery according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution is provided. The electrolyte solution contains water and one or more lithium salts, and the lithium salts include lithium fluorophosphate.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for aqueous secondary batteries, said negative electrode active material being applied to an aqueous secondary battery that uses an aqueous electrolyte solution containing water and a lithium salt, wherein: the negative electrode active material contains graphite; the graphite has a C—F bond group on the surface; if I688eV is the peak intensity at around 688 eV ascribed to a C—F bond and I284eV is the peak intensity at around 284 eV ascribed to a C—C bond in the XPS spectrum of the graphite as obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the ratio of the peak intensity I688eV to the peak intensity I284eV (namely, the value of I688eV/I284eV ) is from 0.1 to 7; and the BET specific surface area is from 0.5 m2/g to 3.9 m2/g.

Abstract: Provided is a negative electrode active material that is applied in an aqueous secondary battery in which is used an aqueous electrolyte containing water and a lithium salt. The negative electrode active material contains hardly-graphitizable carbon, and the hardly-graphitizable carbon has a C—F bond group on the surface thereof. In an XPS spectrum obtained through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, when the peak intensity near 688 eV originating from C—F bonds of the hardly-graphitizable carbon is denoted by I688eV, the peak intensity near 284 eV originating from C—C bonds is denoted by I284eV, a ratio of the peak intensity I688eV to the peak intensity I284eV (value of I688eV/I284eV) is denoted by X, and the BET specific surface area (m2/g) is denoted by Y, the X and Y satisfy Y<(?0.3X+3.75), 0.1?X?5, and Y?2.

Abstract: A secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode includes a carbon material electrochemically capable of absorbing and releasing lithium ions, and a solid electrolyte covering at least part of a surface of the carbon material and having lithium ion conductivity. The solid electrolyte includes a first compound represented by a general formula: LixM1Oy, where 0.5<x?9, 1?y<6, and the M1 includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Si, P, Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Ta, and La. The electrolytic solution includes a solvent and a lithium salt, and the solvent contains at least water.

Abstract: A secondary battery which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution, wherein the electrolytic solution comprises water, a lithium salt, and an additive, the additive including at least one of alkaline-earth metal salts, dicarboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides, and organic carbonates, and the negative electrode comprises a negative active material, the negative active material having a silane coupling agent adherent to the surface thereof.

Abstract: A secondary battery according to the present invention is provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte solution; the electrolyte solution contains water and a lithium salt; the negative electrode contains a negative electrode active material; a silane coupling agent, which is reductively decomposed at a potential that is higher than the reductive decomposition potential of water, is adhered to the surface of the negative electrode active material; and the silane coupling agent contains fluorine as a constituent element.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises water, a lithium salt, and a polycarboxylic acid having two or more carboxylic acid groups. A secondary battery according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: An aqueous rechargeable battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer provided on a surface of the positive electrode current collector; a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer provided on a surface of the negative electrode current collector; and an aqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt and water. The positive electrode active material layer contains one or more positive electrode active materials and one or more lithium ion-conducting solid electrolytes; and the positive electrode active materials include a lithium transition metal oxide.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution is provided. The electrolyte solution contains water and one or more lithium salts, and the lithium salts include lithium fluorophosphate.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode including an active material, and non-aqueous electrolytic solution. The active material includes a center portion and a covering portion provided on part or all of the center portion. The center portion includes silicon, tin, or both as constituent elements. The covering portion includes a plurality of fibrous carbon materials. Part or all of the fibrous carbon materials extend in a direction along a surface of the center portion and are closely attached to the center portion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment unit includes an exhaust gas treatment device, a bracket and a connecting pipe. The exhaust gas treatment device is mounted on a bracket. The connecting pipe is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe directs exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe may include a supporting portion and a pipe portion, with the supporting portion supporting the bracket and the pipe portion being integrated with the supporting portion. Alternatively, the exhaust gas treatment unit may further include a supporting member having a supporting portion supporting the bracket and a pipe portion integrated with the supporting portion, with the pipe portion connected to the connecting pipe.

Abstract: An engine unit includes an engine, an exhaust gas treatment device and a connecting pipe. The engine has an exhaust gas port. The exhaust gas treatment device is arranged above the engine. The connecting pipe connects the exhaust gas port and the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe has an expandable-contractible bellows portion. The bellows portion has a linear form following the upward-downward direction. The lower end portion of the bellows portion is positioned lower than at least a part of the exhaust gas port.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode including an active material, and non-aqueous electrolytic solution. The active material includes a center portion and a covering portion provided on part or all of the center portion. The center portion includes silicon, tin, or both as constituent elements. The covering portion includes a plurality of fibrous carbon materials. Part or all of the fibrous carbon materials extend in a direction along a surface of the center portion and are closely attached to the center portion.

Abstract: An engine unit includes an engine, an exhaust gas treatment device and a connecting pipe. The engine has an exhaust gas port. The exhaust gas treatment device is arranged above the engine. The connecting pipe connects the exhaust gas port and the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe has an expandable-contractible bellows portion. The bellows portion has a linear form following the upward-downward direction. The lower end portion of the bellows portion is positioned lower than at least a part of the exhaust gas port.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment unit includes an exhaust gas treatment device, a bracket and a connecting pipe. The exhaust gas treatment device is mounted on a bracket. The connecting pipe is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe directs exhaust gas to the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe may include a supporting portion and a pipe portion, with the supporting portion supporting the bracket and the pipe portion being integrated with the supporting portion. Alternatively, the exhaust gas treatment unit may further include a supporting member having a supporting portion supporting the bracket and a pipe portion integrated with the supporting portion, with the pipe portion connected to the connecting pipe.

Abstract: A charge control device for a secondary battery controls a charge of the secondary battery including positive and negative electrodes. The device includes: a degradation degree detection and evaluation unit that detects and evaluates a degree of degradation of the secondary battery; and a charge control unit. The charge control unit controls a voltage application state to the electrode at a time of charge of the secondary battery based on an evaluation result of the degree of degradation of the second battery in the degradation degree detection and evaluation unit.

Abstract: In a belt continuously-variable transmission, a casing or a housing is formed with an air communicating hole extending through an upper part of the casing or the housing. The casing and the housing include inner walls defining an air breather chamber and communicating parts. The air breather chamber is defined in a region located above a joint between the casing and the housing and ranging from an upper side of the second shaft to an upper side of the first shaft and between the second shaft and the first shaft. The communicating parts are defined at a position in the upper side of the first shaft and at a position between the second shaft and the first shaft. The air breather chamber communicates with open air via the air communicating hole, and communicates with an inside part of a casing assembly via each of the communicating parts.

Abstract: First and second oil flow passages are defined in a wall portion of a transmission casing. The first oil flow passage has an open end exposed to an interior of the casing. The second oil passage is connected to the first oil passage through a connection opening defined by the first oil passage. A separate pipe member has a predetermined end portion that is inserted into the first oil passage from the open end of the same. The predetermined end portion comprises a cylindrical portion having a fixed length; an end opening defined by an end of the cylindrical portion and exposed to the first oil passage; and an orifice opening defined by a side wall of the cylindrical portion. The orifice opening is blocked by an inner wall of the first oil passage when the connection opening takes a first position relative to the open end of the first oil passage, and exposed to the second oil passage when the connection opening takes a second position relative to the open end of the first oil passage.