Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal display of this invention comprises a reflector member having corrugated surface stored therein; an overcoat layer formed on the corrugated surface of the reflector member for making the corrugated surface flat; and a color filter layer formed on the overcoat layer, and wherein a thickness of the overcoat layer is more than twice of a depth of the concave part in the corrugated surface of the reflector member.

Abstract: A reflective type liquid crystal display of this invention comprises a reflector member having corrugated surface stored therein; an overcoat layer formed on the corrugated surface of the reflector member for making the corrugated surface flat; and a color filter layer formed on the overcoat layer, and wherein a thickness of the overcoat layer is more than twice of a depth of the concave part in the corrugated surface of the reflector member.

Abstract: In a vehicle driving unit employing a driving source formed by combining an engine with a motor generator, a control system prevents a sharp decline of an output torque of a transmission at the end of a shift operation without extending a time period required for the shift operation. The shift shock resulting from the sharp decline of the output torque can be eliminated. The vehicle driving unit is provided with an engine, a motor generator and a multi-stage automatic transmission for accomplishing a predetermined speed by engagement of friction engagement elements.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit having an engine, a motor-generator for acting as a motor and a generator, a planetary gear including at least three rotary elements, a battery for storing electric power as generated by the motor-generator and for feeding electric power to drive the motor-generator, an engine controller for causing the engine to output a target output value on a best mileage curve; and a motor-generator controller for controlling the motor-generator. When the output of the motor-generator corresponding to a target output value of the engine is within an outputtable region of the motor-generator, the motor-generator controller causes the motor-generator to output a reaction torque corresponding to the output torque of the engine.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit that includes an engine, a motor-generator connected to the output shaft of the engine and which acts as both a motor and a generator, a battery for storing the energy recovered by the motor-generator as electric power and for feeding electric power to drive the motor-generator, a first clutch for connecting the motor-generator and the wheels, a stop state detector for detecting the stopped state of the vehicle, and a controller for controlling the engine, the motor-generator and the first clutch. When the stopped state is detected by the stop state detector, the controller releases the first clutch, interrupts the feed of fuel to the engine, and feeds electric power to the motor-generator to drive the motor-generator to thereby hold the rotation of the engine substantially at an idling RPM.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit including an engine 1, a motor/generator 2, a transmission 4, and a planetary gear 30 connected to the engine through a starting clutch 31 and to the motor/generator and the transmission. The control system includes a motor drive control acting as a program in an ECU 70 for driving the motor/generator in a predetermined direction prior to the application of the starting clutch at a split starting time of a vehicle, when the starting clutch is applied to interlock the engine and the motor/generator through the planetary gear to output a reaction of an engine output torque to the motor/generator.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit including an engine; a transmission connected to the output shaft of the engine and having a plurality of gear stages for transmitting the power to wheels; a motor generator connected to the output shaft of the engine for recovering the braking energy of the wheels through the transmission by generating electricity; a battery for storing the braking energy, which is recovered by the motor generator, as an electric power; a running status detector for detecting the running status of the vehicle; and controller for controlling the transmission and the motor generator in accordance with the output signal coming from the running status detector.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit having an engine, a motor-generator for acting as a motor and a generator; a power transmission including a planetary gear composed of at least three rotary elements and a mechanism for selectively connecting/releasing the rotary elements; a battery for storing electric power generated by the motor-generator and for supplying a driving electric power; a residue detector for detecting the state of charge of the battery; and a controller for controlling the engine, the motor-generator and the connecting/releasing mechanism in accordance with an output signal from the residue detector. The first rotary element of the planetary gear is connected to the output shaft of the engine; the second rotary element, as acting a reaction against the first rotary element, is connected to the motor-generator; and the third rotary element is connected to an output member for transmitting the drive power to wheels.

Abstract: A ferroelectric polymer single crystalline body consists of a copolymer of ethylene trifluoride and/or ethylene tetrafluoride and vinylidene fluoride in form of a film or a fiber and is used in a piezoelectric, pyroelectric or nonlinear optical element. The single crystalline body is produced by crystallizing a stretched film of the single crystalline body at hexagonal phase while maintaining the stretched film surface at a free state.

Abstract: A work transferring apparatus for a thermal cutting machine is used for processing a workpiece placed on a worktable moving freely along an X axis direction by means of a work head moving freely along a Y axis direction crossing the X axis direction. The apparatus includes a chain conveyor mounted at an upper portion of the worktable for transferring the workpiece in and out, a body having a plurality of roller conveyors for transferring the workpiece to the chain conveyor, and a separating mechanism mounted between the chain conveyor of the worktable and the roller conveyor of the body for separating the workpiece after it is processed into a product and scrap. The body is arranged in a vicinity of the worktable, and the workpiece is set freely on the roller conveyor of the body.

Abstract: A thermal cutting machine, capable of providing a high cutting quality and of avoiding any interference between a cut product and the machining nozzle, comprises a workpiece table (4) for supporting a workpiece (5) to be cut, the workpiece table (4) being capable of moving the workpiece in the X-axis direction, and a machining nozzle (2a) for emitting a heat source to cut the workpiece, said machining nozzle (2a) being movable in the Y-axis direction. The workpiece table (4) is provided with a chain conveyer (6) having a plurality of grid elements (11) laterally spanning the chains (10) of the conveyer (6). A retracting means is provided for retracting downwardly at least one grid element (11) which is in the conveyor position corresponding to the cutting path for the machining nozzle, by depressing the portion of the chains (10) which support that grid element.