Abstract: A bisphenol composition including 95% or more by mass of a bisphenol, wherein a bisphenol represented by the following general formula (II) in the bisphenol composition constitutes 150 mass ppm or more, and the bisphenol composition has a methanol dissolution color (Hazen color number) of 2 or less, In formula (II), X denotes a single bond, —CR11R12—, —O—, —CO—, —S—, —SO—, or —SO2—, R11 and R12 independently denote a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R11 and R12 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. A method for producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol composition is also described.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a DC-to-DC converter includes a switching controller working to selectively perform a first control task and a second control task. The first control task is to control on-off operations of switching devices of the DC-to-DC converter not to have at least one of an all-on period and an all-off period. The all-on period being a period of time in which all the switching devices are turned on. The all-off period is a period of time in which all the switching devices are turned off. The second control task is to control the on-off operations of the switching devices to have both the all-on period and the all-off period. The switching controller works to change the first control task to the second control task before a current mode is switched from a continuous current mode to a discontinuous current mode.

Abstract: The present inventon provides the following compounds having anti-viral activity. A1 is CR1AR1B, S or O; A2 is CR2AR2B, S or O; A3 is CR3AR3B, S or O; A4 is CR4AR4B, S or O; the number of hetero atoms among atoms constituting the ring which consists of A1, A2, A3, A4, nitrogen atom adjacent to A1 and carbon atom adjacent to A1, is 1 or 2; R1A and R1B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R2A and R2B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R4A and R4B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B may be taken together to form non-aromatic carbocycle or non-aromatic heterocycle; X is CH2, S or O; R1 is each independently halogen, hydroxy, or the like; m is any integer of 0 to 2; and n is any integer of 1 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: A drive transmission device includes a drive train including a plurality of drive transmitters, and a container. The plurality of drive transmitters of the drive train transmit a driving force of a drive source to a rotator rotatable around a shaft and a swing member rotatable around a shaft different from the shaft of the rotator. The container contains the drive train.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following compounds having anti-viral activity. A1 is CR1AR1B, S or O; A2 is CR2AR2B, S or O; A3 is CR3AR3B, S or O; A4 is CR4AR4B, S or O; the number of hetero atoms among atoms constituting the ring which consists of A1, A2, A3, A4, nitrogen atom adjacent to A1 and carbon atom adjacent to A1, is 1 or 2; R1A and R1B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R2A and R2B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R4A and R4B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B may be taken together to form non-aromatic carbocycle or non-aromatic heterocycle; X is CH2, S or O; R1 is each independently halogen, hydroxy, or the like; m is any integer of 0 to 2; and n is any integer of 1 to 2.

Abstract: A drive transmission device includes a drive train including a plurality of drive transmitters, and a container. The plurality of drive transmitters of the drive train transmit a driving force of a drive source to a rotator rotatable around a shaft and a swing member rotatable around a shaft different from the shaft of the rotator. The container contains the drive train.

Abstract: A sheet conveyance device includes a first conveyance member, and a drive transmission mechanism. The first conveyance member is configured to convey a sheet toward a second conveyance member. The drive transmission mechanism is configured to transmit a driving force of a driving source to the first conveyance member. The drive transmission mechanism includes a first drive transmitter and a second drive transmitter disposed coaxially with the first drive transmitter. The driving force is transmitted from the first drive transmitter to the second drive transmitter. The second drive transmitter is rotatable relative to the first drive transmitter within at least a predetermined angular range.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the following compound having antiviral action: P is hydrogen or a group to form a prodrug; A1 is CR1AR1B, S or O; A2 is CR2AR2B, S or O; A3 is CR3AR3B, S or O; A4 is each independently CR4AR4B, S or O; the number of hetero atoms among atoms constituting the ring which consists of A1, A2, A3, A4, nitrogen atom adjacent to A1 and carbon atom adjacent to A4, is 1 or 2; R1A and R1B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R2A and R2B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R4A and R4B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B may be taken together with an adjacent carbon atom to form non-aromatic carbocycle or non-aromatic heterocycle; R1 is fluorine; m is any integer of 1 to 2; and n is any integer of 1 to 2.

Abstract: A contact-separation mechanism includes a cam to rotate to move a contact-separation member to and from a counterpart member, a detection target to rotate together with the cam, and a detector to detect presence or absence of the detection target in a detection area of the detector, and circuitry. The cam has a reference range. The circuitry issues a rotation stop instruction of the cam after a target time elapses from passing of the reference range of the detection target through the detection area, and sets the target time based on a duration of an immediately preceding passing of the reference range through the detection area.

Abstract: A sheet conveyance device includes a first conveyance member, and a drive transmission mechanism. The first conveyance member is configured to convey a sheet toward a second conveyance member. The drive transmission mechanism is configured to transmit a driving force of a driving source to the first conveyance member. The drive transmission mechanism includes a first drive transmitter and a second drive transmitter disposed coaxially with the first drive transmitter. The driving force is transmitted from the first drive transmitter to the second drive transmitter. The second drive transmitter is rotatable relative to the first drive transmitter within at least a predetermined angular range.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a driven unit and a drive transmitter. The drive transmitter includes a drive source, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The drive source is configured to drive the driven unit. The drive gear is configured to receive a driving force from the drive source. The driven gear is meshed with the drive gear. The drive transmitter is configured to transmit the driving force from the drive source to the driven unit. The drive gear or the driven gear is a crowned gear crowning-processed and the crowned gear has a crowning amount less than 50 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing the following compound having antiviral action: wherein each of the symbols is defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral effects, particularly having growth inhibitory activity on influenza viruses, a preferred example of the compound being a substituted 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone derivative prodrug having cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitory activity.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a driven unit and a drive transmitter. The drive transmitter includes a drive source, a drive gear, and a driven gear. The drive source is configured to drive the driven unit. The drive gear is configured to receive a driving force from the drive source. The driven gear is meshed with the drive gear. The drive transmitter is configured to transmit the driving force from the drive source to the driven unit. The drive gear or the driven gear is a crowned gear crowning-processed and the crowned gear has a crowning amount less than 50 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following compounds having anti-viral activity. A1 is CR1AR1B, S or O; A2 is CR2AR2B, S or O; A3 is CR3AR3B, S or O; A4 is CR4AR4B, S or O; the number of hetero atoms among atoms constituting the ring which consists of A1, A2, A3, A4, nitrogen atom adjacent to A1 and carbon atom adjacent to A1, is 1 or 2; R1A and R1B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R2A and R2B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R4A and R4B are each independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, or the like; R3A and R3B may be taken together to form non-aromatic carbocycle or non-aromatic heterocycle; X is CH2, S or O; R1 is each independently halogen, hydroxy, or the like; m is any integer of 0 to 2; and n is any integer of 1 to 2.

Abstract: A control apparatus performs peak current mode control in which a drive switch is turned off when output of a comparator is inverted during an on-operation period determined by a basic signal. The comparator inverts the output when a reactor current increases to a command current. The control apparatus determines that a switching frequency of the drive switch is required to be switched when the output of the comparator is detected to have not become inverted during the single switching period while the peak current mode control is being performed. The control apparatus sets the switching frequency to a first frequency when the switching determining unit determines that the switching frequency is not required to be switched, and switches the switching frequency from the first frequency to a second frequency lower than the first frequency when the switching determining unit determines that the switching frequency is required to be switched.

Abstract: A contact-separation mechanism includes a cam to rotate to move a contact-separation member to and from a counterpart member, a detection target to rotate together with the cam, and a detector to detect presence or absence of the detection target in a detection area of the detector, and circuitry. The cam has a reference range. The circuitry issues a rotation stop instruction of the cam after a target time elapses from passing of the reference range of the detection target through the detection area, and sets the target time based on a duration of an immediately preceding passing of the reference range through the detection area.

Abstract: A moving device, which is included in an image forming apparatus, includes a cam, a moving body, a biasing body, a drive source and a drive transmission device. The moving body is configured to be moved by the cam. The biasing body is configured to apply a biasing force to bias the moving body toward the cam. The drive source is configured to apply a driving force to the cam. The drive transmission device is configured to transmit the driving force to the cam and includes a load applying body configured to apply a load to a rotation of the cam.

Abstract: A tubular belt includes an inner layer and an outer layer that are coupled together at an upper edge and a lower edge. A flat tubular storage pocket space is formed between the inner and the outer layers. The pocket can be accessed through one or more pocket openings formed in the outer layer. A light coupling can be attached to the elastic belt to securely hold a light to the elastic belt. The light coupling mechanism extends outward from a pocket of the belt and a light is attached to the light coupling mechanism.