Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode active material that has a large charge discharge capacity, a high initial efficiency, as well as excellent cycle characteristics and rate characteristics and is favorably used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. An organo sulfur-based electrode active material contains sodium and potassium in a total amount of 100 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass; an electrode for use in a secondary battery, the electrode containing the organo sulfur-based electrode active material as an electrode active material; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the electrode. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material further contains iron in an amount of 1 ppm by mass to 20 ppm by mass. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, and the amount of sulfur in the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is 25 mass % to 60 mass %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, including: a step (1) of heating polyacrylonitrile and elemental sulfur in a rotating-type heating container including a discharge pipe and a sulfur vapor recovery unit while rotating the rotating-type heating container; a step (2) of liquefying a sulfur vapor by the sulfur vapor recovery unit while discharging hydrogen sulfide generated in the heating step; and a step (3) of returning the liquefied sulfur to a mixture of the sulfur and the polyacrylonitrile of the step (1).

Abstract: Provided is an optical fiber ribbon and an optical fiber cable, which are adaptable to manufacture at a high velocity, in the intermittent connecting type optical fiber ribbon obtained by adhering and connecting adjacent colored optical fibers by intermittent connecting portions. In an optical fiber ribbon 2 of the present invention, since, in addition to polyol having a weight average molecular weight in a specific range, rheology control agent is contained in a specific range in a material forming an intermittent connecting portion 3, the Newtonian region between a low shear rate region and a high shear rate region of the material forming the intermittent connecting portion 3 can be adjusted. Thus, scattering of the material due to a centrifugal force generated by rotation of an application roll that applies the material at the time of manufacture and the like can be suppressed, and the application amount to colored optical fiber 1 can be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon which is capable of forming non-connection portions and intermittent connection portions between adjacent coated optical fibers formed into an optical fiber ribbon by performing a laser processing for the ribbon through irradiation with a pulse laser light, thereby making it possible to rapidly form the intermittent connection portions and the non-connection portions while maintaining high linear velocity of the coated optical fiber. The non-connection portions and the intermittent connection portions are formed in the obtained intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon through the irradiation with the pulse laser light, so the intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon becomes the intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon, which is capable of securing operability during collective connection and surely being subjected to an intermediate branching without damaging cable characteristics during high density mounting.

Abstract: An optical fiber ribbon is intermittently connected in a length direction by an intermittent connection which includes a polyol having a weight-average molecular weight of 3000 to 4000 in a specific amount relative to the entire intermittent connection and which has Young's modulus at 23° C. within a specific range. When collectively unitizing optical fiber ribbons to form an optical fiber cable, an optical fiber ribbon is formed which maintains advantages of the optical fiber ribbon and which prevents cracks of the intermittent connection and detachment of the intermittent connection from a colored optical fiber core when the cable is subjected to repetitive ironing.

Abstract: Provided is an optical fiber ribbon and an optical fiber cable, which are adaptable to manufacture at a high velocity, in the intermittent connecting type optical fiber ribbon obtained by adhering and connecting adjacent colored optical fibers by intermittent connecting portions. In an optical fiber ribbon 2 of the present invention, since, in addition to polyol having a weight average molecular weight in a specific range, rheology control agent is contained in a specific range in a material forming an intermittent connecting portion 3, the Newtonian region between a low shear rate region and a high shear rate region of the material forming the intermittent connecting portion 3 can be adjusted. Thus, scattering of the material due to a centrifugal force generated by rotation of an application roll that applies the material at the time of manufacture and the like can be suppressed, and the application amount to colored optical fiber 1 can be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon which is capable of forming non-connection portions and intermittent connection portions between adjacent coated optical fibers formed into an optical fiber ribbon by performing a laser processing for the ribbon through irradiation with a pulse laser light, thereby making it possible to rapidly form the intermittent connection portions and the non-connection portions while maintaining high linear velocity of the coated optical fiber. The non-connection portions and the intermittent connection portions are formed in the obtained intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon through the irradiation with the pulse laser light, so the intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon becomes the intermittent bonding type optical fiber ribbon, which is capable of securing operability during collective connection and surely being subjected to an intermediate branching without damaging cable characteristics during high density mounting.

Abstract: An optical fiber ribbon is intermittently connected in a length direction by an intermittent connection which includes a polyol having a weight-average molecular weight of 3000 to 4000 in a specific amount relative to the entire intermittent connection and which has Young's modulus at 23° C. within a specific range. When collectively unitizing optical fiber ribbons to form an optical fiber cable, an optical fiber ribbon is formed which maintains advantages of the optical fiber ribbon and which prevents cracks of the intermittent connection and detachment of the intermittent connection from a colored optical fiber core when the cable is subjected to repetitive ironing.

Abstract: In a liquid processing apparatus configured to remove, from a substrate including a first film and a second film formed above the first film, the first film and the second film, a first chemical-liquid supply part supplies, to a substrate W, a first liquid for dissolving the first film, a second chemical-liquid supply part supplies a second chemical liquid for weakening the second film, and a fluid supply part serving also as an impact giving part gives a physical impact to the second film so as to break the second film and supplies a fluid for washing away debris of the broken second film. A control device controls the respective parts such that, after the second liquid has been supplied and then the fluid has been supplied from the fluid supply part, the first chemical liquid is supplied.

Abstract: A rolled copper foil according to the present invention includes a crystal grain alignment wherein: when normalized intensity of {200}Cu plane diffraction of a copper crystal in results obtained by an X-ray diffraction pole figure measurement with respect to a rolled surface is plotted against at different values of angle ?, the normalized intensity being obtained during a ? scanning in the pole figure measurement, a ratio of a maximum value A of the normalized intensity with angle ? in a range of 40° to 60° to a maximum value B of the normalized intensity with angle ? in a range of 80° to 90° is equal to or greater than 4; and when the normalized intensity increases with increasing angle ? in a range of 25° to 45°, there is essentially no area in which the normalized intensity increases stepwise.

Abstract: In a liquid processing apparatus configured to remove, from a substrate including a first film and a second film formed above the first film, the first film and the second film, a first chemical-liquid supply part supplies, to a substrate W, a first liquid for dissolving the first film, a second chemical-liquid supply part supplies a second chemical liquid for weakening the second film, and a fluid supply part serving also as an impact giving part gives a physical impact to the second film so as to break the second film and supplies a fluid for washing away debris of the broken second film. A control device controls the respective parts such that, after the second liquid has been supplied and then the fluid has been supplied from the fluid supply part, the first chemical liquid is supplied.

Abstract: A nickel plating solution preparation method has the steps of: dissolving in water 100 g/L or more and less than 200 g/L of nickel sulfate, and 10 g/L or more and less than 30 g/L of sodium citrate or 8 g/L or more and less than 25 g/L of citric acid, but adding no nickel chloride; and adjusting a pH of the resultant solution to 2 or more and less than 4. Another nickel plating solution preparation method has the steps of: dissolving in water 100 g/L or more and less than 200 g/L of nickel sulfate, and 10 g/L or more and less than 30 g/L of sodium citrate or 8 g/L or more and less than 25 g/L of citric acid, but adding no boric acid; and adjusting a pH of the resultant solution to 2 or more and less than 4.

Abstract: A rolled copper foil applied with a recrystallization annealing after a final cold rolling step and having a crystal grain alignment satisfying a ratio of [a]/[b]?3, where [a] and [b] are normalized average intensities of a {111}Cu plane diffraction of a copper crystal by ?-scanning at ?=35° and 74°, respectively, in an X-ray diffraction pole figure measurement to a rolled surface is manufactured by controlling a total working ratio in the final cold rolling step before the recrystallization annealing to be 94% or more; and controlling a working ratio per one pass in the final cold rolling step to be 15 to 50%.

Abstract: A metal foil machining roller of the present invention is a metal foil machining roller in which a plurality of recessed portions are formed on a circumferential surface of the roller, wherein at least a surface layer portion contains a metal material with a Rockwell hardness in A scale of HRA 81.2 to 90.0 and a transverse rupture strength of 3 GPa to 6 GPa. By pressure-molding a metal foil by using the metal foil machining roller, protrusion portions of an approximately uniform shape with dimensions of several microns to several tens of microns can be formed efficiently on a surface of the metal foil on an industrial scale.

Abstract: A rolled copper foil applied with a recrystallization annealing after a final cold rolling step and having a crystal grain alignment satisfying a ratio of [a]/[b]?3, where [a] and [b] are normalized average intensities of a {111}Cu plane diffraction of a copper crystal by ?-scanning at ?=35° and 74°, respectively, in an X-ray diffraction pole figure measurement to a rolled surface is manufactured by controlling a total working ratio in the final cold rolling step before the recrystallization annealing to be 94% or more; and controlling a working ratio per one pass in the final cold rolling step to be 15 to 50%.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the amount of film fragments discharged into a processing liquid circulation system during removal of films from wafers, thereby reducing the frequency of filter cleaning or filter replacement. The method includes exposing a wafer containing a film formed thereon in a process chamber of a substrate processing system to a processing liquid, where the wafer is not rotated or is rotated at a first speed and the processing liquid is discharged from the process chamber to a processing liquid circulation system. Subsequently, exposure of the wafer to the processing liquid is discontinued and the wafer is rotated at a second speed greater than the first speed to centrifugally remove fragments of the film from the wafer. Next, the wafer is exposed to the same or a different processing liquid and the processing liquid is discharged from the process chamber to a processing liquid drain.

Abstract: A copper foil according to the present invention has a B/A ratio within a range of 1.2 to 3.0, where B is an inclination value of a straight line in a straight portion of a rising area near the origin of a stress-strain curve of the copper foil which is measured before the copper foil is heated to 300° C.; and A is an inclination value of a straight line in a straight portion of a rising area near the origin of a stress-strain curve of the copper foil that is measured after the copper foil is heated to 300° C.

Abstract: A rolled copper foil according to the present invention includes a crystal grain alignment wherein: when normalized intensity of {200}Cu plane diffraction of a copper crystal in results obtained by an X-ray diffraction pole figure measurement with respect to a rolled surface is plotted against at different values of angle ?, the normalized intensity being obtained during a ? scanning in the pole figure measurement, a ratio of a maximum value A of the normalized intensity with angle ? in a range of 40° to 60° to a maximum value B of the normalized intensity with angle ? in a range of 80° to 90° is equal to or greater than 4; and when the normalized intensity increases with increasing angle ? in a range of 25° to 45°, there is essentially no area in which the normalized intensity increases stepwise.

Abstract: A rolled copper foil applied with a recrystallization annealing after a final cold rolling step and having a crystal grain alignment satisfying a ratio of [a]/[b]?3, where [a] and [b] are normalized average intensities of a {111}Cu plane diffraction of a copper crystal by ?-scanning at ?=35° and 74°, respectively, in an X-ray diffraction pole figure measurement to a rolled surface is manufactured by controlling a total working ratio in the final cold rolling step before the recrystallization annealing to be 94% or more; and controlling a working ratio per one pass in the final cold rolling step to be 15 to 50%.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the amount of film fragments discharged into a processing liquid circulation system during removal of films from wafers, thereby reducing the frequency of filter cleaning or filter placement. The method includes exposing a wafer containing a film formed thereon in a process chamber of a substrate processing system to a processing liquid, where the wafer is not rotated or is rotated at a first speed and the processing liquid is discharged from the process chamber to a processing liquid circulation system. Subsequently, exposure of the wafer to the processing liquid is discontinued and the wafer is rotated at a second speed greater than the first speed to centrifugally remove fragments of the film from the wafer. Next, the wafer is exposed to the same or a different processing liquid and the processing liquid is discharged from the process chamber to a processing liquid drain.