Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is disclosed to increase the activity of an ionic liquid catalyst comprising emulsifying the ionic liquid catalyst with one or more liquid components. In an embodiment, a method is disclosed comprising introducing into a reaction zone a monomer feed and a reduced amount of ionic liquid catalyst and controlling an amount of shear present in the reaction zone to maintain a desired conversion reaction of the monomer. In an embodiment, a catalyzed reaction system is disclosed comprising a reactor configured to receive one or more liquid components and ionic liquid catalyst; a device coupled to the reactor for adding high shear to the liquid components and ionic liquid catalyst; and a controller coupled to the device for adding high shear and configured to control the amount of shear added to a catalyzed reaction zone to maintain a conversion reaction.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is disclosed to increase the activity of an ionic liquid catalyst comprising emulsifying the ionic liquid catalyst with one or more liquid components. In an embodiment, a method is disclosed comprising introducing into a reaction zone a monomer feed and a reduced amount of ionic liquid catalyst and controlling an amount of shear present in the reaction zone to maintain a desired conversion reaction of the monomer. In an embodiment, a catalyzed reaction system is disclosed comprising a reactor configured to receive one or more liquid components and ionic liquid catalyst; a device coupled to the reactor for adding high shear to the liquid components and ionic liquid catalyst; and a controller coupled to the device for adding high shear and configured to control the amount of shear added to a catalyzed reaction zone to maintain a conversion reaction.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for alpha olefin oligomers and polyalphaolefins (or PAOs) and methods of making the alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs. This disclosure encompasses metallocene-based alpha olefin oligomerization catalyst systems, including those that include at least one metallocene and an activator comprising a solid oxide chemically-treated with an electron withdrawing anion. The alpha olefin oligomers and PAOs prepared with these catalyst systems can have a high viscosity index combined with a low pour point, making them particularly useful in lubricant compositions and as viscosity modifiers.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing a high viscosity polyalphaolefin product by introducing a monomer and an ionic liquid catalyst together into a reaction zone while simultaneously withdrawing from the reaction zone a reaction zone effluent that contains the high viscosity polyalphaolefin. The reaction zone is operated under reaction conditions suitable for producing the high viscosity polyalphaolefin product. The preferred high viscosity polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity exceeding about 8 cSt and is the reaction product of the trimerization, oligomerization, or polymerization of an alpha olefin or a mixture of one or more product thereof. The high viscosity polyalphaolefins are useful as lubricants or lubricant additives.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing a high viscosity polyalphaolefin product by introducing a monomer and an ionic liquid catalyst together into a reaction zone while simultaneously withdrawing from the reaction zone a reaction zone effluent that contains the high viscosity polyalphaolefin. The reaction zone is operated under reaction conditions suitable for producing the high viscosity polyalphaolefin product. The preferred high viscosity polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity exceeding about 8 cSt and is the reaction product of the trimerization, oligomerization, or polymerization of an alpha olefin or a mixture of one or more product thereof. The high viscosity polyalphaolefins are useful as lubricants or lubricant additives.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing a high viscosity polyalphaolefin product by introducing a monomer and an ionic liquid catalyst together into a reaction zone while simultaneously withdrawing from the reaction zone a reaction zone effluent that contains the high viscosity polyalphaolefin. The reaction zone is operated under reaction conditions suitable for producing the high viscosity polyalphaolefin product. The preferred high viscosity polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity exceeding about 8 cSt and is the reaction product of the trimerization, oligomerization, or polymerization of an alpha olefin or a mixture of one or more product thereof. The high viscosity polyalphaolefins are useful as lubricants or lubricant additives.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is disclosed to increase the activity of an ionic liquid catalyst comprising contacting an ionic liquid catalyst with oxygen. In another embodiment, a method is disclosed comprising introducing into a reaction zone a monomer feed and an ionic liquid catalyst and controlling the amount of oxygen present in the reaction zone to maintain a conversion reaction of the monomer. In another embodiment, a polyalphaolefin oligomerization system is disclosed comprising a reactor configured to receive and mix monomer, ionic liquid catalyst, and oxygen; and a controller coupled to an oxygen source and configured to control the amount of oxygen present in a catalyzed reaction zone to maintain a conversion reaction of the monomer.

Abstract: A process for preparing very high viscosity polyalphaolefins using an acidic ionic liquid oligomerization catalyst in the absence of an organic diluent and the products formed thereby. A method of continuously manufacturing a high viscosity polyalphaolefin product by introducing a monomer and an ionic liquid catalyst together into a reaction zone while simultaneously withdrawing from the reaction zone a reaction zone effluent that contains the high viscosity polyalphaolefin. The reaction zone is operated under reaction conditions suitable for producing the high viscosity polyalphaolefin product. The preferred high viscosity polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity exceeding 8 cSt and is the reaction product of the trimerization, oligomerization, or polymerization of an alpha olefin or a mixture of one or more product thereof. The high viscosity polyalphaolefins are useful as lubricants or lubricant additives.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing ionic liquid compositions by use of a two-step process which includes the contacting, under first reaction conditions, an amine compound with a hydrogen halide that is preferably in the gaseous form to provide a first reaction mixture. The first reaction mixture is then contacted, under second reaction conditions, with a metal halide compound to form the ionic liquid end-product.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing a high viscosity polyalphaolefin product by introducing a monomer and an ionic liquid catalyst together into a reaction zone while simultaneously withdrawing from the reaction zone a reaction zone effluent that contains the high viscosity polyalphaolefin. The reaction zone is operated under reaction conditions suitable for producing the high viscosity polyalphaolefin product. The preferred high viscosity polyalphaolefin has a kinematic viscosity exceeding about 8 cSt and is the reaction product of the trimerization, oligomerization, or polymerization of an alpha olefin or a mixture of one or more product thereof. The high viscosity polyalphaolefins are useful as lubricants or lubricant additives.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing ionic liquid compositions by use of a two-step process which includes the contacting, under first reaction conditions, an amine compound with a hydrogen halide that is preferably in the gaseous form to provide a first reaction mixture. The first reaction mixture is then contacted, under second reaction conditions, with a metal halide compound to form the ionic liquid end-product.

Abstract: A process for preparing very high viscosity polyalphaolefins using an acidic ionic liquid oligomerization catalyst in the absence of an organic diluent and the products formed thereby.

Abstract: In a process for the oligomerization of alpha olefins using a boron trifluoride/alcohol catalyst complex a method for recovering the boron trifluoride from the product stream which comprises lowering the pressure of the product stream to flash off excess boron trifluoride, mixing the boron trifluoride with fresh alcohol to form fresh boron trifluoride/alcohol catalyst complex, and introducing the fresh catalyst back into the oligomerization reactor.

Abstract: A process for preparing very high viscosity polyalphaolefins using an acidic ionic liquid oligomerization catalyst in the absence of an organic diluent and the products formed thereby.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of producing a highly oxidatively stable polyalphaolefin by hydrogenating a polyalphaolefin to greatly decrease its level of unsaturation.

Abstract: A dimer composition has an improved low temperature viscosity if it has less than a certain amount of normal paraffin. A 1-octene dimer should have less than 0.50 wt. % normal hexadecane, a 1-decene dimer should have less than 0.05 wt. % normal eicosane, a 1-dodecene dimer should have less than 0.60 wt. % normal tetracosane, and a 1-tetradecene dimer should have less than 0.10 wt. % normal octacosane.

Abstract: An oligomer is made by contacting an olefinic monomer with a catalyst comprising boron trifluoride, an alcohol alkoxylate, and a ketone. In one embodiment, the olefinic monomer is a straight-chain, .alpha.-olefinic monomer containing from 8 to 12 carbon atoms, the alcohol alkoxylate is 2-ethoxyethanol, the ketone is methyl ethyl ketone, and the oligomer product has a kinematic viscosity at 100.degree. C. of less than 1.7 cSt. Before removal of unreacted monomer, the oligomer product is at least 50 wt. % dimer, at least 80 wt. % dimer plus trimer, and less than 3.25 wt. % tetramer and greater.

Abstract: An oligomer is made by contacting a straight-chain, .alpha.-olefinic monomer with boron trifluoride and a hydroxy carbonyl promoter. The hydroxy carbonyl is preferably a .beta.-hydroxy-ketone, such as 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone. A second promoter can be used in conjunction with the boron trifluoride and the hydroxy carbonyl promoter. Possible secondary promoters include aldehydes, alcohols, alcohol alkoxylates, carboxylic acids, ethers, ketones, and their mixtures. Preferably the oligomer product has a kinematic viscosity at 100.degree. C. of less than 1.7 cSt; has a dimer to trimer and higher oligomer ratio of at least 1:1; and is at least 90 wt. % dimer and trimer of the monomer.