Abstract: Additives for three-dimensional build materials or inks are described herein which, in some embodiments, can impart flame retardant properties and/or structural enhancements to articles printed from the build materials. In some embodiments, such an additive comprises a compound of Formula I herein, wherein L and Z are ring substituents comprising at least one polymerizable point of unsaturation, and wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene and alkenylene, and R3-R6 each represent one to four optional ring substituents, each one of the one to four ring substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, heteroalkyl, haloalkyl, halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, amine, amide, and ether, and wherein n is an integer from 1 to 7.

Abstract: In one aspect, inks for use with a three-dimensional (3D) printing system are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink described herein comprises 20-60 wt. % oligomeric curable material; 10-50 wt. % cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer; and 0.1-5 wt. % photoinitiator, based on the total weight of the ink. Additionally, in some cases, the ink further comprises one or more additional curable materials differing from the oligomeric curable material and the cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer. An ink described herein, in some embodiments, also comprises one or more additional component that are non-curable.

Abstract: In one aspect, inks for use with a three-dimensional (3D) printing system are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink described herein comprises up to 80 wt. % oligomeric curable material; up to 80 wt. % monomeric curable material; up to 10 wt. % photoinitiator; up to 1 wt. % non-curable absorber material; and up to 10 wt. % one or more additional components, based on the total weight of the ink, and wherein the total amount of the foregoing components is equal to 100 wt. %. Additionally, the photoinitiator is operable to initiate curing of the oligomeric curable material and/or the monomeric curable material when the photoinitiator is exposed to incident curing radiation having a peak wavelength ?. Moreover, the ink has a penetration depth (Dp), a critical energy (Ec), and a print through depth (DPT) at the wavelength ? of less than or equal to 2×Dp.

Abstract: Build materials for 3D printing applications are described herein which, in some embodiments, comprise a dye component operable to alter spectral characteristics of the printed part over the course of the build cycle. In some embodiments, for example, the dye component can provide desirable light penetration depth during article printing and sufficient optical clarity during final light curing processes.

Abstract: In one aspect, inks for use with a three-dimensional (3D) printing system are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink described herein comprises 20-60 wt. % oligomeric curable material; 10-50 wt. % cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer; and 0.1-5 wt. % photoinitiator, based on the total weight of the ink. Additionally, in some cases, the ink further comprises one or more additional curable materials differing from the oligomeric curable material and the cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer. An ink described herein, in some embodiments, also comprises one or more additional component that are non-curable.

Abstract: Polymerizable liquids for 3D printing applications are described herein which, in some embodiments, impart flame resistant and/or flame retardant properties to articles printed from the build materials. The polymerizable liquids may also impart desirable mechanical properties to the articles. In some embodiments, a polymerizable liquid comprises a curable isocyanurate component in an amount of at least 20 wt. %, based on total weight of the polymerizable liquid, and an organophosphate component comprises one or more organophosphate compounds. In some embodiments, the polymerizable liquid further comprises an acrylate component.

Abstract: build materials for 3D printing applications are described herein which, in some embodiments, comprise monomeric species operable for producing articles with high Tg and/or high heat deflection temperature while maintaining shelf stability. In one aspect, a polymerizable liquid comprises at least 20 weight percent isocyanurate polyacrylate; a photoinitiator component; and a crystallization inhibitor component comprising monomeric curable material, oligomeric curable material or mixtures thereof, wherein the polymerizable liquid does not exhibit crystallization over a period of 28 days at a storage temperature of 5-10° C.

Abstract: Build materials for 3D printing applications are described herein which, in some embodiments, comprise a dye component operable to alter spectral characteristics of the printed part over the course of the build cycle. In some embodiments, for example, the dye component can provide desirable light penetration depth during article printing and sufficient optical clarity during final light curing processes.

Abstract: Polypropylene-based powders are provided for use in the production of various articles by one or more additive manufacturing techniques. As described further herein, the polypropylene-based powders can exhibit particle morphologies, particle size distributions, and/or compositional parameters advantageous for production of articles having enhanced mechanical properties. In one aspect, a powder composition comprises particles of copolymer or terpolymer having a spherical shape, spheroidal shape, or a mixture of spherical and spheroidal shapes, the copolymer or terpolymer comprising one or more alkene monomeric species and the balance polypropylene.

Abstract: In one aspect, inks for use with a three-dimensional (3D) printing system are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink described herein comprises 20-60 wt. % oligomeric curable material; 10-50 wt. % cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer; and 0.1-5 wt. % photoinitiator, based on the total weight of the ink. Additionally, in some cases, the ink further comprises one or more additional curable materials differing from the oligomeric curable material and the cyclocarbonate (meth)acrylate monomer. An ink described herein, in some embodiments, also comprises one or more additional component that are non-curable.

Abstract: In one aspect, inks for use with a three-dimensional (3D) printing system are described herein. In some embodiments, an ink described herein comprises up to 80 wt. % oligomeric curable material; up to 80 wt. % monomeric curable material; up to 10 wt. % photoinitiator; up to 1 wt. % non-curable absorber material; and up to 10 wt. % one or more additional components, based on the total weight of the ink, and wherein the total amount of the foregoing components is equal to 100 wt. %. Additionally, the photoinitiator is operable to initiate curing of the oligomeric curable material and/or the monomeric curable material when the photoinitiator is exposed to incident curing radiation having a peak wavelength ?. Moreover, the ink has a penetration depth (Dp), a critical energy (Ec), and a print through depth (DPT) at the wavelength ? of less than or equal to 2×Dp.

Abstract: In one aspect, support materials operable for use in 3D printing systems are described herein. In some embodiments, a support material comprises a wax component comprising at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol and a viscosity modifying agent, wherein the support material is water dispersible. In some embodiments, the wax component comprises a mixture of at least one fatty alcohol and at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: Methods of 3D printing an object with reduced curl on at least one surface that contacts a print plate are described herein. For example, in some embodiments, a method of 3D printing an object comprises depositing build material to form a first layer of a 3D printed object and depositing build material in a predetermined pattern to form a first layer of a skirt in contact with the 3D printed object. Depositing build material to form the first layer of the skirt comprises 3D printing a first layer of a sidewalk that substantially surrounds at least a portion of a perimeter of the 3D printed object and 3D printing a first layer of a perforated interface between the sidewalk and the perimeter of the skirt.

Abstract: In one aspect, support materials operable for use in 3D printing systems are described herein. In some embodiments, a support material comprises a wax component comprising at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol and a viscosity modifying agent, wherein the support material is water dispersible. In some embodiments, the wax component comprises a mixture of at least one fatty alcohol and at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: In one aspect, support materials operable for use in 3D printing systems are described herein. In some embodiments, a support material comprises a wax component comprising at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol and a viscosity modifying agent, wherein the support material is water dispersible. In some embodiments, the wax component comprises a mixture of at least one fatty alcohol and at least one ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

Abstract: A method of printing a three dimensional article is provided wherein particles are bonded together with chemical bonds having a bond strength of at least 10 kJ/mol. In one aspect, kits for three dimensional printing are described herein. In some embodiments, a kit described herein comprises a substantially dry particulate material (20) comprising an insoluble filler having a first functional group on the surface of the insoluble filler; and a fluid binder material (26) comprising a multifunctional linker having a second functional group, wherein the insoluble filler is insoluble in the fluid binder material and wherein the first functional group and the second functional group can react with one another to form a covalent bond between the insoluble filler and the multi functional linker.

Abstract: A materials system and methods are provided to enable the formation of articles by 3D printing. In some embodiments, a materials system includes a substantially dry particulate material that includes an insoluble filler, a soluble filler, and a transition metal catalyst. The materials system further comprises a fluid binder including a (meth)acrylate monomer, an allyl ether functional monomer and/or oligomer, and a free-radical photoinitiator.

Abstract: Methods of 3D printing an object with reduced curl on at least one surface that contacts a print plate are described herein. For example, in some embodiments, a method of 3D printing an object comprises depositing build material to form a first layer of a 3D printed object and depositing build material in a predetermined pattern to form a first layer of a skirt in contact with the 3D printed object. Depositing build material to form the first layer of the skirt comprises 3D printing a first layer of a sidewalk that substantially surrounds at least a portion of a perimeter of the 3D printed object and 3D printing a first layer of a perforated interface between the sidewalk and the perimeter of the skirt.

Abstract: A continuous-wave (CW) ultraviolet (UV) curing system for solid freeform fabrication (SFF) is provided, wherein the curing system is configured to provide an exposure of UV radiation for one or more layers of UV-curable material. One or more UV exposures may initiate curing of a curable material in the layer dispensed by a solid freeform fabrication apparatus. One approach to provide the single or multiple UV exposures is the use of one or more UV LEDs, which generate UV radiation without generating any substantial amounts of infrared (IR) radiation at the same time. This allows for the curing process to be energy efficient and also allows for the SFF system to be far less complex.

Abstract: A materials system and methods are provided to enable the formation of articles by 3D printing. In some embodiments, a materials system includes a substantially dry particulate material that includes an insoluble filler, a soluble filler, and a transition metal catalyst. The materials system further comprises a fluid binder including a (meth)acrylate monomer, an allyl ether functional monomer and/or oligomer, and a free-radical photoinitiator.