Abstract: A muffler for a vehicle is provided, including: a muffler housing having a first housing body and a second housing body that are divided in two parts and form an internal space with an inlet opening and an outlet opening when combined; and an internal structure inserted and forced into the internal space of the muffler housing to be detachable from the muffler housing, and allowing an exhaust gas discharged from an engine to flow into the internal space and to be discharged out of the muffler housing through a predetermined path.

Abstract: A tail pipe for a muffler is provided that can improve aesthetical appearance of a rear surface of a vehicle, while preventing noise that is generated by air currents. The tail pipe may be a hollow tail pipe which is disposed at a rear end of a rear exhaust pipe connected to a rear end of the muffler, and which functions as an outlet adapted to discharge exhaust gas. The tail pipe may include: at least one panel forming an interior surface and an exterior surface opposite to the interior surface; a space surrounded by the panel and formed between the interior surface and the exterior surface; a receiving hole formed at the interior surface; and a barrier mounted in the space and partially protruded through the receiving hole, where the barrier collects soot from the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method and a system for executing an application by interacting with a device and a plurality of external devices, and a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the method, are provided. The method includes receiving, by a host device, a selection signal for an application, displaying function information distributable by the application, mapping the function information to a plurality of devices, the mapping producing mapped information, and requesting the plurality of devices to perform functions according to the mapped information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining an object update in a home network. In a method for determining an object change in a home network, a media controller receives an object update identifier (objectUpdateID) and an initial update identifier (initUpdateID) for an object from an accessed media server, compares the objectUpdateID and the initUpdateID with a system update identifier (systemUpdateID) that was previously stored in the media controller, when the media controller previously accessed the media server, and determines whether the object is updated according to the comparison result.

Abstract: A tail pipe for a muffler is provided that can improve aesthetical appearance of a rear surface of a vehicle, while preventing noise that is generated by air currents. The tail pipe may be a hollow tail pipe which is disposed at a rear end of a rear exhaust pipe connected to a rear end of the muffler, and which functions as an outlet adapted to discharge exhaust gas. The tail pipe may include: at least one panel forming an interior surface and an exterior surface opposite to the interior surface; a space surrounded by the panel and formed between the interior surface and the exterior surface; a receiving hole formed at the interior surface; and a barrier mounted in the space and partially protruded through the receiving hole, where the barrier collects soot from the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A muffler for a vehicle is provided, including: a muffler housing having a first housing body and a second housing body that are divided in two parts and form an internal space with an inlet opening and an outlet opening when combined; and an internal structure inserted and forced into the internal space of the muffler housing to be detachable from the muffler housing, and allowing an exhaust gas discharged from an engine to flow into the internal space and to be discharged out of the muffler housing through a predetermined path.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fabricating a semiconductor chip. The method includes forming a silicon layer; forming a first layer formed on the silicon layer and including a first seal ring surrounding a first chip area and a second seal ring surrounding a second chip area; and forming a second layer formed on the first layer and including a metal interconnection connecting one of the first and second chip areas and an external terminal.

Abstract: A dual muffler is provided which includes an inlet pipe, an end of which an exhaust gas is introduced from an engine. Additionally, an outlet pipe, an end of which is connected to an opposite end of the inlet pipe, branched at the opposite end of the inlet pipe running toward a side and the opposite side such that the exhaust gas from the inlet pipe is discharged through an opposite end is also provided. A housing covers the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to expose the end of the inlet pipe and the opposite end of the outlet pipe to an outside environment; and a sound-absorbing material fills the interior space of the housing except for the remaining space where the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe heats coolant with heat of exhaust gas. The structure of the exhaust pipe can increase heat exchange efficiency because a flow direction of the coolant is arranged to be opposite to a flow direction of the exhaust gas. The coolant can smoothly flow inside the housing, because density of the coolant decreases as the coolant is heated while flowing in a lower side of the housing and flowing out of an upper side of the housing. In addition, the heat transfer pipe of which one surface is in contact with the exhaust gas and the other side is in contact with the coolant has wrinkle portions which are formed on a surface of the heat transfer pipe, where heat exchange is performed, and thereby, a heat exchange area can be increased and the coolant can be more rapidly heated without increasing a size of the housing.

Abstract: A muffler apparatus for a vehicle may include a muffler housing that has first and fourth chambers formed at front and rear portions therein and second and third chambers formed between the first and fourth chambers in sequence, an exhaust gas intake pipe that may be inserted in the muffler housing through the front portion of the muffler housing, with an end portion thereof being disposed in the third chamber, and exhaust gas discharge pipes that may be connected with the second chamber and discharge an exhaust gas to the outside of the muffler housing.

Abstract: A muffler apparatus for a vehicle may include a muffler housing that has first and fourth chambers formed at front and rear portions therein and second and third chambers formed between the first and fourth chambers in sequence, an exhaust gas intake pipe that may be inserted in the muffler housing through the front portion of the muffler housing, with an end portion thereof being disposed in the third chamber, and exhaust gas discharge pipes that may be connected with the second chamber and discharge an exhaust gas to the outside of the muffler housing.

Abstract: Provided is a method for storing a content flip list of a digital media server using user input feedback. The method includes receiving a content request message from a user and transmitting the received request message to a media server, converting information received as a response to the request message into a page format, defining the converted information as a current page, and receiving and storing previous and next pages of the current page, and outputting the received current page through an output part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining an object update in a home network. In a method for determining an object change in a home network, a media controller receives an object update identifier (objectUpdateID) and an initial update identifier (initUpdateID) for an object from an accessed media server, compares the objectUpdateID and the initUpdateID with a system update identifier (systemUpdateID) that was previously stored in the media controller, when the media controller previously accessed the media server, and determines whether the object is updated according to the comparison result.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and system for providing information for a wireless network connection using Wi-Fi. Device information for at least one UPnP device is provided from a plurality of wireless devices including the at least one UPnP device, a device information announcement message including the device information for the at least one UPnP device is generated, and the generated device information announcement message is broadcasted. In this way, information on a UPnP device to which to connect a wireless device is provided in advance, and a user can easily perform a network connection.

Abstract: A system and method for displaying document content using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is provided. A media server provides meta information corresponding to the document content to a control point if a user request for displaying the document content is received, the control point provides the meta information of the document content to a media renderer that can display the requested document content together with an operation performance command for displaying the requested document content, and the media renderer receives the document content from the media server and renders the document content in accordance with the operation performance command to display the document content on a screen.

Abstract: Provided are an interconnection of a semiconductor device which includes a capping layer and a method for forming the interconnection. The interconnection of the semiconductor device is a copper damascene interconnection where the capping layer is formed as a dual layer of a silicon nitride layer and silicon carbide layer on a copper layer processed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Therefore, it is possible to maintain a high etching selectivity and a low dielectric constant of the silicon carbide layer while providing superior leakage suppression.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for changing an input type in an input system using UPnP are provided. A control point requests input capability information of input devices, which are to perform input and receives the input capability information. The control point sets up a session by determining a receiving device for receiving an input signal and a transmitting device for transmitting the input signal, using the received input capability information. The receiving device receives input data from the transmitting device, and if an input type of the receiving device is changed, the receiving device transmits information about the changed input type to the transmitting device and receives a report descriptor including information about a format of input data according to the changed input type from the transmitting device.

Abstract: A method of forming a wiring layer of a semiconductor device, includes forming a first interlayer insulating layer to have a first thickness corresponding to a part of the thickness of an interlayer insulating layer that is to be formed on a support layer and forming a first contact plug in the first interlayer insulating layer. The method further includes forming a second interlayer insulating layer to have a second thickness on the first contact plug and the first interlayer insulating layer, thereby forming the interlayer insulating layer, wherein the second thickness corresponds to the rest of the thickness of the interlayer insulating layer, and forming a second contact plug connected to the first contact plug in the second interlayer insulating layer, thereby forming a local wiring layer including the first contact plug and the second contact plug.

Abstract: Provided is a method for storing a content flip list of a digital media server using user input feedback. The method includes receiving a content request message from a user and transmitting the received request message to a media server, converting information received as a response to the request message into a page format, defining the converted information as a current page, and receiving and storing previous and next pages of the current page, and outputting the received current page through an output part.

Abstract: A Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) system and method of providing content therein are provided. A legacy media player displays a content list for content stored in the legacy media player or in an add-in server, and when a content item is selected from the list, the legacy media player determines whether the content item is reproducible by a registered digital media renderer. If the selected content item is reproducible by the registered digital media renderer, the legacy media player transmits a reproducing request for the selected content item, and the corresponding digital media renderer receives and reproduces the selected content.