Abstract: In a group-management control apparatus for an elevator system with plural elevators capable of serving plural floors, hall calls are allotted to adaptive elevators in accordance with a predetermined hall call allotment algorithm, for the purpose of achieving desired control targets. Plural kinds of the hall call allotment algorithm with different schemes are provided in advance, and the predetermined hall call allotment algorithm is selected therefrom by a reasoning operation, which is executed in accordance with a reasoning rule selected from among a plurality of reasoning rules empirically provided in advance on the basis of the desired control targets and an operating state of the elevators.

Abstract: A piezoelectric transformer includes a substrate of piezoelectric material, preferably a single crystal of LiNbO.sub.3. The substrate is uniformly polarized in a selected direction thereof and vibrated in a direction of the length thereof. An input voltage is applied across both sides of a portion of the substrate in a direction of the thickness thereof and thus excites a vibration by way of piezoelectric effect. Thereby another voltage is caused in the direction of the thickness of the substrate in a portion other than the portion to which the input voltage is applied, and taken out as an output voltage. As a result, it is possible to decrease the output impedance to obtain a large load current and thus fully heighten a step-up ratio of the piezoelectric transformer.

Abstract: An image of an elevator hall or an inside of elevator car is acquired by photographing apparatus, and the number of waiting passenger is detected by comparing the above-mentioned image with a background image when no passenger is present at the elevator hall. Second image processing apparatus with high precision is prepared by the same image information as that of first image processing apparatus, teacher information derived therefrom is compared with an output from the first image processing apparatus. If the teacher information is not coincident with the output from the first image processing means, parameters required for performing the image process by the first image processing appartus, for instance, constants, threshold values and weight coefficients employed in an image processing algorithm are adjusted.

Abstract: A power conversion system is disclosed in which a direct current is taken out of an AC power supply of variable frequency and variable voltage through a PWM converter in such a manner that in a region of low source voltage, the converter input current is limited to a predetermined value to maximize the DC power taking the voltage drop of the power supply into consideration with the power factor of "1" of the power supply, and when the current reaches an allowable maximum, it is limited to that value. In a region of high source voltage, on the other hand, the quadrature component of the input voltage applied to the source voltage is controlled preferentially in a manner to control the converter input voltage below a predetermined value, thus making it possible to secure the maximum power available from the converter over the entire range of operation. If a battery is connected to the DC side, a cooperative operation is made possible while the battery is charged properly.

Abstract: A power converter comprising a current-type inverter is disclosed, in which an output of a converter unit is applied as an input to the inverter unit through a DC reactor, and AC power is supplied to a load from the inverter unit. A ripple component of the DC input of the inverter unit is detected, and the switching elements of the inverter unit are controlled by modulation rate if they are to be subjected to PWM control, thus completing a sinusoidal waveform of the output of the inverter unit. Specifically, since the input to the inverter unit is allowed to contain a ripple, the DC reactor is reduced in size. The output of the inverter unit is a sinusoidal AC power containing no high harmonics and therefore the load is free of effects of high harmonics.

Abstract: A packing material for liquid chromatography, comprising a spherical clay mineral powder which comprises a naturally occurring or synthetic water-swellable clay mineral, a clay mineral having foreign cations substantially substituted for interlayer ions inherently present in the naturally occurring or synthetic water-swellable clay mineral, or a calcined product thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transport device for transporting a recording medium comprising an inlet channel formed by a first guide member, a switching channel formed by a second guide member and communicating with said inlet channel, an outlet channel formed by a third guide member and connected to the junction of the inlet channel and said switching channel, transport member located at the upstream of the junction of the inlet channel and the switching channel with respect to a recording medium transport direction for transporting the recording medium through the inlet channel into the switching channel and reverse member located at the junction of the inlet channel, the switching channel and the outlet channel for backwardly transporting the recording medium into the outlet channel as released from the transport member after the recording medium is transported into the switching channel.

Abstract: A power supply system for a linear motor type transportation system includes a series of driving coils disposed along a railroad track for producing a moving magnetic field to drive a train, a plurality of feeding blocks disposed along the railroad track for supplying electric power to the series of driving coils, a plurality of power converters each connected to the corresponding feeding blocks to supply electric power to each corresponding feeding section composed of the feeding blocks, and a plurality of block switches connected between neighboring two feeding blocks of the feeding blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling switching elements (51-56) of a PWM-controlled value type inverter by a software program using a microcomputer (10). The control apparatus of the present invention produces a switching element control signal (an on/off signal) according to the following steps. When a control command value commanding the output of the inverter is determined, a control mode corresponding to the commanded output value is selected from among a plurality of control modes (M1-M6) previously contained in a table to determine the switching elements to which the control signal is applied and the order of controlling the switching elements. Further, on the basis of the control command value, the difference between a modulation signal and a predetermined reference value is computed for each phase to determine the timing of controlling the switching elements.

Abstract: An apparatus for fusing small articles of nonferrous metal comprises an molten metal chamber, for forming and containing molten metal, having burners for fusing a raw material such as ingot etc., and a fusing chamber disposed adjacent to the molten metal chamber for fusing small particles of the nonferrous metal. The molten metal discharged from the molten metal chamber is circulated through a swirl generation chamber and a suction passage and is introduced into a pump and discharged into to the molten metal chamber. The small particles of nonferrous metal are introduced into the upper side of a swirl generation chamber, in which a swirl stream is generated, mixed with the molten metal while dispersed in the molten metal and delivered to the molten metal chamber.

Abstract: A particle shielding element of a shape memory metal is installed between an electroconductive layer on the inner peripheral surface of a neck glass tube of a cathode-ray tube and a shield cup of an electron gun therein to close a gap between the neck glass tube and the shield cup for thereby guarding the electronic gun against invasion of particles, Before the particle shielding element is inserted into the neck glass tube, the element is deformed to reduce its outer diameter so that the element can be inserted into the neck glass tube without scratching the electroconductive layer. After the element has been installed in Position in the neck glass tube, the temperature therein is adjusted to cause the element to recovery to its initial shape into dust sealing engagement with the electroconductive layer.

Abstract: In a current source power converting apparatus, in which an AC to DC converter is coupled to a DC to AC inverter through a DC reactor, two energy absorbing devices are coupled to DC terminals of the converter and the inverter, respectively, whereby there is formed a circulation circuit for circulating a current through the two energy absorbing devices and the DC reactor, when a voltage, which is higher than a predetermined value, is induced by an inductance of the DC reactor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a holder for sealing member, in which at least a portion of the holder which comes into contact with the member comprises a sintered body comprising as a main component a non-oxide ceramic of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, sialon or silicon carbide.By the use of the holder according to this invention, in the hermetic sealing process which is carried out continuously and automatically, an exchange frequency of the holder can be decreased remarkably, and thus a working efficiency on a manufacturing line can be increased. In consequence, the holder according to this invention is industrially very useful, and in particular, it is suitable for the hermetic sealing of the panel pins for cathode ray tubes.

Abstract: In elevator equipment in which an elevator controller is connected by a common transmission line to an elevator cage and a plurality of apparatus installed at elevator stops on respective floors, signals are transmitted from the elevator controller to the elevator cage and the plurality of apparatus of elevator stops on respective floors. Information transmitted between the elevator controller and the cage as well as each apparatus at elevator stop on each floor is sorted into information which is different for each apparatus on each floor and the cage (unique information) and information which is the same for the plurality of apparatus at elevator stops on respective floors and the cage (common information), and the unique information is transmitted during a first period and the common information is transmitted during a second period, thereby reducing time required for transmission of information during one cycle.

Abstract: The commencement of a developing period of slip is detected by the fact that a time-differential value v.sub.s of a creep velocity v.sub.s (a relative velocity between a peripheral velocity v.sub.m of a driving wheel and a vehicle velocity v.sub.t) exceeds a predetermined reference .delta..sub.1. The termination of the developing period is detected by the fact that a time-differential value v.sub.m of the peripheral velocity v.sub.m becomes equal to zero. During the developing period, a torque command Tp to a main motor controller is decreased by a re-adhesion control signal Tfa which is formed by the combination of a time-dependent component e.sub.1 and a slip-dependent component e.sub.2. After termination of the developing period, the torque command Tp is decreased with time at an appropriate time constant. According to the present invention, the arithmetic logic operation for control can be much simplified without any deterioration of a adhesion performance of an electric vehicle.

Abstract: A current-type converter including a DC power source, a current-type converter, a load and a converter control unit, the converter control unit controlling so as to cause as least two states among a powering conduction state for supplying power from said DC power source to said load within predetermined control periods of both a powering control mode and a regenerative control mode, a regenerative conduction state for regenerating power supplied from the load toward the DC power source, and a reflux conduction state for short-circuiting the output of the current-type converter and returning the circuit current of the load, and the converter control unit varying the period length of respective states.

Abstract: In a PWM inverter, a first three pulse mode, in which three voltage pulses exist within 120.degree. in the electric angle of the inverter output voltage, is changed over to a single pulse mode, in which the pulse width is equal to 120.degree., through a second three pulse mode, which is composed of two voltage pulses on both sides outside the period of 120.degree. and a center voltage pulse therebetween.The jump of the output voltage and the phase deviation therein upon changeover between the three pulse mode and the single pulse mode is prevented by controlling the pulse width of the two side pulses and the intervals between the center pulse and the side pulses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power supply apparatus for a linear motor transportation system having a number of discrete linear motor units serially arranged along a track to generate a moving magnetic field for driving vehicle.

Abstract: A printer guide member for guiding print wires in a dot matrix printer, which comprises a thin ceramic sintered body containing 60% by weight or more of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 and having a plurality of guide holes perforated therethrough. In addition to Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, this thin ceramic sintered body further includes (a) not more 10% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and (B) at least one component as an additive selected from the group consisting of (i) not more than 10% by weight of a rare earth element oxide, (ii) not more than 10% by weight of AlN, and (iii) not more than 10% by weight of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO.sub.2, MgO and ZrO.sub.2.

Abstract: From the peripheral velocity v.sub.M of a driving wheel and vehicle velocity v, the changing rate .DELTA.v.sub.s /.DELTA.t of the relative velocity v.sub.s therebetween with respect to time is obtained. The changing rate .DELTA.f/.DELTA.t of the traction force f produced in the driving wheel at that time is obtained from a detected armature current of a motor driving the driving wheel. A driving torque produced by the motor is so controlled as to be decreased when polarities of the changing rate in the relative velocity and that in the traction force are different from each other.