Patents by Inventor Klaus Penzien
Klaus Penzien has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 4585536Abstract: Electrochemical processes for selectively separating ions in aqueous soltuion are carried out using apparatuses in which two or more different spaces are separated by means of ion exchange membranes, and the membrane material consists of electrochemically prepared pyrrole polymers. Such ion exchange membranes are used as proton and anion exchange membranes.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1984Date of Patent: April 29, 1986Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hermann Puetter, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4560593Abstract: A process for depositing metals onto electrically conductive, polymeric carriers, wherein a finely divided metal M having a standard potential E.sub.o of >-2 V is deposited, from a solution of a metal cation compound of the formula (I) ##EQU1## where M', L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, l, m, n, o, and p are as defined in the claims, in an aprotic polar or non-polar solvent, onto a polymeric, electrically conductive carrier of the formula (II) ##EQU2## where M" is Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs,P is P=--CH--, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --, --C.sub.4 H.sub.2 S--, --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 S--, --C.sub.4 H.sub.2 O--, --C.sub.4 H.sub.2 NH-- --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 O-- or --C.sub.5 H.sub.3 N--y is from 0.001 to 0.6 andx is from 5 to 1,000, or onto a polymeric, electrically conductive carrier of the formula (III)[(P)(X).sub.y ].sub.x (III)whereP is one of the groups listed for formula (II), X is ClO.sub.4.sup..crclbar., AsF.sub.6.sup..crclbar., PF.sub.6.sup..crclbar., SbF.sub.6.sup..crclbar., BF.sub.4.sup..crclbar., HSO.sub.4.sup..crclbar.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1984Date of Patent: December 24, 1985Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Volker Munch, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4464511Abstract: Polymers which have two or more stable, reversibly interconvertible oxidation states with half-wave potentials E.sub.1/2 of from -1.5 to +1 V, and which are obtained when a polymer having a reactive side group is reacted with a 1,9-substituted phenalene, are useful for producing electrically conductive systems, in the electrical industry, and for converting and fixing radiation, for producing electric switches, as electrochromic displays, for providing an antistatic finish on plastics and as reversible redox systems.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1982Date of Patent: August 7, 1984Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Volker Muench, Klaus-Dieter Franz
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Patent number: 4454178Abstract: Poly(acetylene) films are produced by polymerization of acetylene, if appropriate mixed with a di- and/or poly(alkyne), in the presence of an active transition metal catalyst on filaments, fibers, woven or knitted fabrics, nonwovens, laid webs, interlaced structures or nets composed of metals, glass or natural and/or synthetic fibers.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1982Date of Patent: June 12, 1984Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Dieter Naegele, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4440693Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive products which are stable to air and have conductivities greater than 1 .times.10.sup.-3 S/cm, by reacting a cation of a metal of group VII or VIII or of sub-group I of the periodic table with an organic chelating compound to give a metal chelate and oxidizing the latter to form a oxidized product, wherein the organic chelating compound is a 1,9-substituted phenalene of the formula I ##STR1## where X is O, NH, S, Se or Te and Y is OH, NH.sub.2 or SH. The electrically conductive products are useful for the production of solar cells, the conversion and fixing of radiation, the production of electrical and magnetic switches and the antistatic treatment of plastics.Type: GrantFiled: December 4, 1981Date of Patent: April 3, 1984Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Volker Muench, Klaus-Dieter Franz
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Patent number: 4418187Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polymers by polymerizing acenaphthylene, N-vinyl-heterocyclics, eg. N-vinylcarbazole or N-vinylpyridine, or N,N-divinylaniline at from -80.degree. to +100.degree. C. in the presence of a cationtic catalyst, wherein from 1 to 50 percent by weight of an oxidizing Lewis acid, preferably FeCl.sub.3, FeBr.sub.3, SbCl.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, AsF.sub.5 or CF.sub.3 -SO.sub.3 H, or a combination of AlCl.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.4 with the said compounds or with CrO.sub.3 or OsO.sub.4 is used as the catalyst. In a preferred embodiment of the process, thin films of the monomers to be polymerized, applied to glass or to a polymeric base, preferably to a plastic film, are treated with gaseous SbCl.sub.5, SbF.sub.5 or AsF.sub.5.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1981Date of Patent: November 29, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Muench, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4412942Abstract: A process for the preparation of stable electrically conductive polymers, having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm, wherein a polyacetylene is reacted with from 1 to 100, preferably from 10 to 33, % by weight of tosylmethyl isocyanide and from 0.1 to 70, preferably from 5 to 35, % by weight of an alkali metal or its amide, or of a Lewis acid. The polymers obtained can be used in electrical engineering for the production of solar cells, for the conversion and fixing of radiation and for the production of electrical and magnetic switches and electrical storage devices, and can also be used for the antistatic treatment of plastics.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1982Date of Patent: November 1, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag, Petr Simak
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Patent number: 4411826Abstract: Stable electrically conductive polymers having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm are prepared by heating p-doped polyacetylenes, in the absence of oxygen and moisture, for from 0.1 to 3 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 1.0 hour, at from 500.degree. to 1,100.degree. C., preferably from 550.degree. to 850.degree. C. The electrically conductive polymers obtained can be used in the electrical industry for the production of solar cells, for the utilization and fixing of radiation, for the production of electrical and magnetic switches and stores, and for the antistatic treatment of plastics.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1982Date of Patent: October 25, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag, Petr Simak
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Patent number: 4407739Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polymers which have conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm and possess improved stability to oxygen, comprising treating an organic unsaturated polymer of the series of the polyphenylenes, heterophenylenes and polyacetylenes, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen, first with an organic nitroso compound and then with a conventional dopant, the latter being, in particular H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, AsF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, UF.sub.6, SbCl.sub.5, AlCl.sub.3, BF.sub.3, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3 H, VOCl.sub.3, HClO.sub.4, NO.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ AsF.sub.6, NO.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, I.sub.2, Br.sub.2, ICl, PF.sub.5, CrO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, NO.sub.2.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sup.+ ClO.sub.4.sup.-, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 SO.sub.4, NbF.sub.5, TaF.sub.5, WF.sub.6, FeCl.sub.3, CdCl.sub.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1982Date of Patent: October 4, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag
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Patent number: 4404126Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polymers, having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm, wherein from 0.1 to 95% by weight of black phosphorus and from 0.5 to 25% by weight of sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium or of an amide of these, preferably in tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyglycol, nitromethane or methylene chloride (the molar ratio of alkali metal or amide to organic compound preferably being from 1:1 to 1:5) are added to an organic polymer chosen from the group comprising the polyphenylenes, heteropolyphenylenes and polyacetylenes, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen. The electrically conductive polymers obtained can be used in the electrical industry for the production of solar cells, for conversion and fixing of radiation and for the production of electrical and magnetic switches, and can also be used for the antistatic treatment of plastics.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1981Date of Patent: September 13, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Volker Muench, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4401545Abstract: Electrically conductive complexes of polypyrroles with nitroaromatic anions are prepared by polymerizing pyrrole, an N-alkylpyrrole and/or an N-arylpyrrole by anodic oxidation in a polar solvent, in the presence of a salt of an acidic nitroaromatic compound.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1981Date of Patent: August 30, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Dieter Naegele, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag, Volker Kiener, Hugo Boehm
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Patent number: 4395497Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive heteropolyphenylenes, wherein from 0.5 to 5 per cent by weight of an activating additive is introduced, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen, into a heteropolyphenylene of the general formula ##STR1## where X is O, S, Se, SO or SO.sub.2 and Y has one of the meanings given for X or is NH, CH.sub.2, CO or C.sub.6 H.sub.4, and n is from 2 to 250. The activating additive is preferably one of the compounds AsF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, UF.sub.6, HClO.sub.4, NO.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.5, NO.sub.2.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sup.+ ClO.sub.4.sup.-, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 SO.sub.4, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, 2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonic acid and 2,4,6-trinitrophenylcarboxylic acid, or is sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, calcium or barium or one of their amides, the latter being added, if appropriate, in tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyglycol, anthracene, naphthalene or 2-methylstyrene.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1981Date of Patent: July 26, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Dieter Naegele, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag
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Patent number: 4386203Abstract: Halogen-containing s-triazine compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R is OH, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 or R.sup.3, R.sup.1 is ##STR2## where R.sup.4 is lower alkyl or lower haloalkyl, X is bromine or chlorine, k and n are 0 or integers from 1 to 5 and k+n is not more than 5, R.sup.2 is ##STR3## where R.sup.5 is lower alkyl or lower haloalkyl, Z is bromine or chlorine, s and p are 0 or integers from 1 to 4 and s+p is not more than 4, and R.sup.3 is ##STR4## where R, R.sup.5, Z, s and p have the above meanings. The compounds claimed are prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with a phenol of the formula III ##STR5## and a benzene derivative of the formula IV ##STR6## in the presence of a base. The products thereby obtained are used for flameproofing thermoplastics, in particular styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers made impact-resistant with rubber (ABS resins).Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1981Date of Patent: May 31, 1983Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Franz Brandstetter, Gerhard Lindenschmidt, Erhard Seiler
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Patent number: 4360644Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polyaromatics having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm, wherein from 0.5 to 15% by weight of an oxidizing Lewis acid, e.g. antimony pentafluoride or arsenic pentafluoride, or their NO.sup.+ - or NO.sub.2.sup.+ -salts, or a nitroaromatic, e.g. trinitrophenol or trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, and/or a fluorine derivative, e.g. CF.sub.3 --COOH, or an acid, e.g. sulfuric acid, nitric acid or perchloric acid, is added to a polyaromatic, in the absence of moisture.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1980Date of Patent: November 23, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Dieter Naegele, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag
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Patent number: 4360455Abstract: A mixture of brominated oligomeric polystyrenes, having a degree of polymerization of from 3 to 400, and low molecular weight brominated aromatic compounds of the diphenyl ether type is obtained by polymerizing the non-brominated starting materials, in a halohydrocarbon solvent, using a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction mixture is then brominated and extracted with water to remove hydrogen bromide and catalyst, and the solvent and volatile constituents are separated from the product. The bromination is carried out at from -30.degree. C. to +130.degree. C. The final mixtures have a low melt viscosity and are therefore particularly suitable for incorporation, as a flameproofing agent, into thermoplastics.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1981Date of Patent: November 23, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Lindenschmidt, Wolfgang Schulte, Franz Brandstetter, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4359563Abstract: Copolymers of acetylene are prepared by catalytic polymerization of mixtures of acetylene and heteroalkynes with Ziegler catalysts. The polymers may be used as pigments or as colored coatings on metal, glass or plastic.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1981Date of Patent: November 16, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien, Heinz G. Viehe
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Patent number: 4344870Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive hetero-polyaromatics, having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm, wherein from 0.5 to 35 percent by weight of a strong Lewis acid having a pk.sub.a of from -10 to +4, preferably AsF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, UF.sub.6, HClO.sub.4, NO.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ AsF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sup.+ ClO.sub.4.sup.-, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 SO.sub.4, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, 2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonic acid or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid, is added to a hetero-polyaromatic in the absence of moisture and of oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1981Date of Patent: August 17, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerd Blinne, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4344869Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive hetero-polyphenylenes, having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm, wherein from 0.5 to 35 percent by weight of a strong Lewis acid having a pk.sub.a of from -10 to +4, preferably AsF.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, UF.sub.6, HClO.sub.4, NO.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+ SbF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ AsF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+ PF.sub.6.sup.-, NO.sup.+ BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sub.2.sup.+BF.sub.4.sup.-, NO.sup.+ ClO.sub.4.sup.-, (CF.sub.3).sub.2 SO.sub.4, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, 2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonic acid or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid, is added to a hetero-polyphenylene in the absence of moisture and of oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1981Date of Patent: August 17, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerd Blinne, Herbert Naarmann, Klaus Penzien
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Patent number: 4340507Abstract: A process for the preparation of electrically conductive polyaromatics having conductivities greater than 10.sup.-2 S/cm., wherein from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the polyaromatics, of sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium or their amides, preferably in tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyglycol, anthracene, naphthalene or 2-methylstyrene, are incorporated into polyaromatics, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen. The conductive polyaromatics obtained may be used in the electrical industry for the manufacture of solar cells, for the conversion of radiation and for the manufacture of electrical and magnetic switches, and may also be used to render plastics antistatic.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1980Date of Patent: July 20, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Herbert Naarmann, Dieter Naegele, Klaus Penzien, Johannes Schlag
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Patent number: 4336201Abstract: A process for the preparation of an electrically conductive polyene, wherein a polyene which contains one or more chain members of the formula where R is hydrogen or methyl, and which contains a total of not less than seven aliphatic double bonds, is treated, in the absence of moisture and of oxygen, with a strong Lewis acid having a pk.sub.a of from -10 to +4, or with an alkali metal.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 1980Date of Patent: June 22, 1982Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Franz Feichtmayr, Herbert Naarmann, Joachim Paust, Klaus Penzien