Abstract: A big pattern for a run-in area which allows data reproduction to be performed stably even when the recording density of an optical disc is increased is provided. An optical disc according to the present invention includes tracks, each of which divided into a plurality of recording blocks. Each of the plurality of blocks includes a run-in area and a data area. In the run-in area, a prescribed run-in bit pattern is recordable; and in the data area, bit patterns having a plurality of bit lengths obtained by modulating data as a recording target in accordance with a prescribed modulation rule are recordable. In this optical disc, at least one of spatial frequencies corresponding to the bit patterns having the plurality of bit lengths is higher than a cutoff frequency. The run-in bit pattern recordable in the run-in area includes the bit patterns having the plurality of bit lengths, from which the bit pattern corresponding to the frequency higher than the OTF cutoff frequency has been excluded.

Abstract: A clock signal generator according to the present invention includes: a wobble phase error detecting section for detecting a wobble phase error that is a difference in phase between a wobble signal, representing a wobbled shape of a track on an optical disk medium, and a clock signal; a data phase error detecting section for detecting a data phase error that is a difference in phase between a data signal, representing data that has been written on the optical disk medium, and the clock signal; a frequency control section for generating a frequency control signal to control the frequency of the clock signal based on the wobble phase error and the data phase error; and a clock oscillation section for generating the clock signal with its frequency controlled in accordance with the frequency control signal.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element, which is formed by vacuum-sintering a molded body of ceramic particles having an average particle diameter of 1 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less and including LnxAlyO[x+y]×1.5 (Ln represents a rare-earth element, x represents 1?x?10, and y represents 1?y?5). Ln preferably includes at least one kind selected from La, Gd, Yb, and Lu. The optical element preferably has a refractive index of 1.85 or more and 2.06 ?m or less, and an Abbe number of 48 or more and 65 or less. The optical element having optical properties of high refractive index and low dispersibility is obtained.

Abstract: An optical glass suitable for precision molding glass preform having a low glass transition temperature and optical characteristics such as a high refractive index and low dispersion is provided. The optical glass contains, as essential components, cationic components of Si4+, B3+, Zn2+, La3+, Ta5+, Ga3+, and W6+ and has a refractive index (nd) of 1.8-1.9 and an abbe number (?d) of 35-42, thus less causing striae and devitrification during fusion discharge.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an image displaying apparatus having a display panel. A first substrate of the display panel on which a phosphor exciter is disposed and a second substrate of the display panel on which phosphors emitting light by the phosphor exciter is provided, are prepared under a vacuum atmosphere. Then, the first and the second substrates are carried in a getter processing chamber or bake processing chamber, and getter processing or bake processing is applied thereto under the vacuum atmosphere. After the processing, the first and the second substrates are carried in a seal processing chamber, where the substrates are heat sealed under the vacuum atmosphere. Thus, reduction of vacuum exhaust time and a high vacuum degree in manufacturing an image displaying apparatus is attained and efficiency of manufacturing is improved.

Abstract: A signal evaluation method according to the present invention is a method for evaluating a read signal, retrieved from an information recording medium, based on a binarized signal generated from the read signal by a PRML method.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes: a signal processor, which receives an input signal and generates a processed signal, representing processing information obtained by subjecting the input signal to predetermined processing, and at least one type of internal signal including internal information obtained during the processing; at least one memory storing the processing information; an interface exchanges signals with an external device; and a controller controlling the signal processor, memory and interface. On receiving a first instruction from the external device through the interface, the controller controls the signal processor and memory such that the processing information is once stored in the memory and then output to the external device via the interface. In response to a second instruction, the controller controls the signal processor and memory such that the internal information is once stored in the memory and then output to the external device via the interface.

Abstract: According to the present invention, when an apparatus performs reproduction from an optical disc of a format not compatible to the apparatus, the apparatus is prevented from obtaining an incorrect address and thus causing a malfunction. A recording method according to the present invention performs first conversion of bit-inverting m number (1?m<n; m an integer) of symbols at prescribed positions of a code word coded using an error correction code by a Reed-Solomon code and including symbol C(i) [i=C=0, 1, 2, . . . n; n is an integer] to generate conversion information; and records the conversion information on a first recording medium.

Abstract: In an optical disc, a track on which data is recordable is divided into a plurality of blocks, and each block includes L pieces of sub blocks. On each sub block, M-bit first digital information specifying a block address of a block including the each sub block and N-bit second digital information capable of representing a numerical value equal to or larger than L are recorded.

Abstract: A waveform shaping portion receives a digital reproduced signal generated from an analog reproduced signal reproduced from an information recording medium and shapes the waveform of the digital reproduced signal. A maximum likelihood decoding portion applies maximum likelihood decoding to the digital reproduced signal in the shaped waveform and generates a binarized signal indicating the result of the maximum likelihood decoding. A phase detection portion extracts, during the maximum likelihood decoding, a phase error using state transition patterns having only a single zero cross point among differential metrics at a plurality of merging points at which a set of paths branched from a given state merges. A synchronization detection portion generates a reproduction clock signal using the phase error that has been detected and brings the digital reproduced signal into synchronization with the reproduction clock signal that has been generated.

Abstract: An information recording medium according to the present invention includes an information recording layer on which information is recordable, and is evaluated using an evaluation index which is found based on a ratio of a center of an amplitude of a reproduction signal corresponding to a second shortest mark and a second shortest space, with respect to a center of an amplitude of a reproduction signal corresponding to a longest mark and a longest space.

Abstract: A big pattern for a run-in area which allows data reproduction to be performed stably even when the recording density of an optical disc is increased is provided. An optical disc according to the present invention includes tracks, each of which divided into a plurality of recording blocks. Each of the plurality of blocks includes a run-in area and a data area. In the run-in area, a prescribed run-in bit pattern is recordable; and in the data area, bit patterns having a plurality of bit lengths obtained by modulating data as a recording target in accordance with a prescribed modulation rule are recordable. In this optical disc, at least one of spatial frequencies corresponding to the bit patterns having the plurality of bit lengths is higher than a cutoff frequency. The run-in bit pattern recordable in the run-in area includes the bit patterns having the plurality of bit lengths, from which the bit pattern corresponding to the frequency higher than the OTF cutoff frequency has been excluded.

Abstract: An address format for appropriately controlling the recording linear density and the number of information recording layers is provided in order to increase the recording capacity of an information recording medium such as an optical disc or the like in a range in which a necessary S/N ratio can be guaranteed. An optical disc includes an information recording layer having a concentric or spiral track, and has a format for describing a track address, which is pre-recorded on the track or is to be added to data that is to be recorded on the information recording layer. The format includes layer information regarding the information recording layer and address information regarding the track address.

Abstract: A spacer for an image display apparatus includes a glass base member which contains SiO2 by 10 to 35 wt %, RO (R representing an alkali earth metal) by 20 to 60 wt %, B2O3 by 9 to 30 wt % and Sb2O3 by 0.01 to 5 wt %.

Abstract: An information reproduction device according to the present invention is a device for accessing a recording medium having first address information and second address information recorded thereon. The first address information is represented by a shape formed on the recording medium in advance; and the second address information is recorded on the recording medium together with data. The information reproduction device includes a head section for accessing the recording medium to generate a reproduction signal; a first detection section for detecting the first address information from the reproduction signal; a second detection section for detecting the second address information from the reproduction signal; and a control section for, based on a detection result of either the first detection section or the second detection section which detected the address information first, controlling an access after the detection to the recording medium.

Abstract: A wobble demodulator for reproducing digital information from an optical recording medium in which a track is formed in accordance with a wobble signal that is MSK-modulated so as to contain the digital information by a carrier signal with a predetermined frequency and a sine wave signal with a frequency different from that of the carrier signal, includes: a wobble signal detector for detecting a wobble signal of the track from the optical recording medium; a wobble PLL for detecting the carrier signal based on the wobble signal detected by the wobble signal detector; a multiplier for multiplying the carrier signal detected by the wobble PLL by the wobble signal detected by the wobble signal detector and outputting a multiplied output; a MSK detector for detecting a MSK modulation mark having a phase or a frequency different from that of the carrier signal, based on an integrated value obtained by integrating the multiplied output from the multiplier on a predetermined section basis; and a MSK synchronization

Abstract: The present invention improves a lead-in time of the PLL with a phase error detector having an enlarged range of phase error detection and gain control based on the PLL synchronous state. The phase error detection range is enlarged by correcting the phase error detection point in a case where the phase error increases. A locked state of the PLL is determined based on a standard deviation of the smoothed phase error values and the gains are switched between a lead-in transient state and a stationary state. As a result, it is possible to shorten and stabilize the lead-in time of the PLL.

Abstract: An optical disk 101 is of a type in which information is recorded on a groove track, and an optical disk 107 is of a type in which information is recorded on a land track. The optical disk 101 has a control data area 102, and a data recording area 103 in which user data is recorded. The optical disk 107 has a control data area 108, and a data recording area 109 in which user data is recorded. A code for indicating the groove track or the land track onto which tracking servo control is executed is provided both in the control data area 102 of the optical disk 101, and in the control data area 108 of the optical disk 107.

Abstract: An optical disk 101 is of a type in which information is recorded on a groove track, and an optical disk 107 is of a type in which information is recorded on a land track. The optical disk 101 has a control data area 102, and a data recording area 103 in which user data is recorded. The optical disk 107 has a control data area 108, and a data recording area 109 in which user data is recorded. A code for indicating the groove track or the land track onto which tracking servo control is executed is provided both in the control data area 102 of the optical disk 101, and in the control data area 108 of the optical disk 107.

Abstract: An optical disk 101 is of a type in which information is recorded on a groove track, and an optical disk 107 is of a type in which information is recorded on a land track. The optical disk 101 has a control data area 102, and a data recording area 103 in which user data is recorded. The optical disk 107 has a control data area 108, and a data recording area 109 in which user data is recorded. A code for indicating the groove track or the land track onto which tracking servo control is executed is provided both in the control data area 102 of the optical disk 101, and in the control data area 108 of the optical disk 107.