Abstract: A first cell having a cell height N times as large as a reference cell height (N is an integer equal to or more than 2) is adjoined by a second cell in the cell width direction. A diffusion interconnect made of an impurity diffusion region is formed under a metal interconnect for power supply in the second cell. The first cell includes a transistor diffusion region formed, opposed to the diffusion interconnect, so as to stride across a region extended in the cell with direction of the metal interconnect. The diffusion interconnect is placed apart from the cell boundary in the cell width direction.

Abstract: A projection optical system (6) comprises a relay optical system (61), a PBS prism (71), and two projection lenses (81). The image light beam from a DMD (5) enters the PBS prism (71) via the relay optical system (61), is polarization-split there, and is directed to a screen by means of the two projection lenses (81). Displaying an image by means of the DMD (5) is controlled while the polarized states of the light beams produced by the polarization split by means of the PBS prism (71) are controlled. Thereby, a three-dimensionally viewable image and a high-resolution image created by pixel-offset can be projected. Since the relay optical system (61) is provided, the lens backs of the projection lenses (81) can be shortened, and the projection lenses (81) and further the projection optical system (6) can be made compact.

Abstract: A projection optical system receives light from a display device surface and enlarges and projects a display image thereon onto a screen surface. The projection optical system includes one or more reflective surfaces having an optical power between the display device surface and the screen surface, moves at least one optical device having an optical power to adjust focus and satisfies the following conditional formula: ?0.02<{(?1??2)?2}/{(?1+?2)?1}<0.

Abstract: A layout design method for a semiconductor device includes a step of arranging transistors, a dummy gate forming step of forming dummy gates, which has a shape identical with a shape including gate electrodes or the gate electrodes and projected parts from active regions of the gate electrodes, in positions in parallel with and a fixed distance apart from the gate electrodes arranged at both ends in a gate length direction on active regions of the transistors and, when the transistors have plural gate electrodes with different gate widths, extending the projected parts to the outside of the active regions by a necessary length, a gate connecting step of, when gate patterns and contact regions are connected to the gate electrodes of the transistors, connecting the gate electrodes and the dummy gates according to a positional relation between the gate electrodes and the dummy gates, and a wiring step of wiring a metal layer.

Abstract: A projection optical system (6) comprises a relay optical system (61), a PBS prism (71), and two projection lenses (81). The image light beam from a DMD (5) enters the PBS prism (71) via the relay optical system (61), is polarization-split there, and is directed to a screen by means of the two projection lenses (81). Displaying an image by means of the DMD (5) is controlled while the polarized states of the light beams produced by the polarization split by means of the PBS prism (71) are controlled. Thereby, a three-dimensionally viewable image and a high-resolution image created by pixel-offset can be projected. Since the relay optical system (61) is provided, the lens backs of the projection lenses (81) can be shortened, and the projection lenses (81) and further the projection optical system (6) can be made compact.

Abstract: A projection optical system satisfies a conditional formula: 0.01<{(tan ?f1?tan ?f2)?(tan ?n1?tan ?n2)}·(?2/?1)<0.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical system for image projection, wherein when used in an image projection apparatus, a screen-continuing portion (e.g., screen-underlying portion) of the apparatus can be reduced to a small size, or can be removed, and thereby the apparatus can be so compacted, and provides an image projection apparatus mounting such optical system. An optical system 10 for image projection including a lighting optical system 1 leading light from a light source 11 for lighting a display element 4 (or 4?), and a projecting optical system 3 for projecting projection light containing image information from the display element 4 (or 4?). The lighting optical system 1 is arranged such that a straight optical axis ? from the light source 11 in the lighting optical system 1 is positioned in an area deviated from a luminous flux ? of the projection light incident into the projecting optical system 3 toward an area where the projection light ? from the projecting optical system 3 passes.

Abstract: An projection type image display apparatus includes a projection optical system having a plurality of concave mirrors and digital micromirror device (DMD). An optical path from the DMD to the concave mirror closest to the DMD is a sealed space which is surrounded by an image forming device holding plate holding the DMD, an optical component holding member holding the concave mirror and the image forming device holding plate, and a cover glass (transparent dust-proof cover) arranged on the optical path from the DMD to the concave mirror closest to the DMD.

Abstract: A projection optical system satisfies the following conditional equation: 0.01<{(tan ? f1?tan ? f2)?(tan ? n1?tan ? n2)}·(?2/?1)<0.20.

Abstract: A projection optical system receives light from a display device surface and enlarges and projects a display image thereon onto a screen surface. The projection optical system includes one or more reflective surfaces having an optical power between the display device surface and the screen surface, moves at least one optical device having an optical power to adjust focus and satisfies the following conditional formula: ?0.02<{(?1??2)?2}/{(?1+?2)?1}<0.

Abstract: A projection optical system that performs enlargement projection of an image on a display device surface formed of a plurality of pixels onto a screen surface, in which pixel shift by less than a pixel pitch is performed on the screen surface in a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, an oblique direction, or a vertical and horizontal directions, and in which conditional formulae (1) and (2) below are fulfilled over the entire image range: (1)|?RG|?0.5 d and (2)|?BG|?0.5 d, where d represents the amount of pixel shift (>0), ?RG represents lateral chromatic aberration in the direction of pixel shift of colored light R having a wavelength of 640 nm with respect to colored light G having a wavelength of 546 nm, and ?BG represents lateral chromatic aberration in the direction of pixel shift of colored light B having a wavelength of 450 nm with respect to the colored light G having a wavelength of 546 nm.

Abstract: A layout design method for a semiconductor device includes a step of arranging transistors, a dummy gate forming step of forming dummy gates, which has a shape identical with a shape including gate electrodes or the gate electrodes and projected parts from active regions of the gate electrodes, in positions in parallel with and a fixed distance apart from the gate electrodes arranged at both ends in a gate length direction on active regions of the transistors and, when the transistors have plural gate electrodes with different gate widths, extending the projected parts to the outside of the active regions by a necessary length, a gate connecting step of, when gate patterns and contact regions are connected to the gate electrodes of the transistors, connecting the gate electrodes and the dummy gates according to a positional relation between the gate electrodes and the dummy gates, and a wiring step of wiring a metal layer.

Abstract: A layout design method for a semiconductor device includes a step of arranging transistors, a dummy gate forming step of forming dummy gates, which has a shape identical with a shape including gate electrodes or the gate electrodes and projected parts from active regions of the gate electrodes, in positions in parallel with and a fixed distance apart from the gate electrodes arranged at both ends in a gate length direction on active regions of the transistors and, when the transistors have plural gate electrodes with different gate widths, extending the projected parts to the outside of the active regions by a necessary length, a gate connecting step of, when gate patterns and contact regions are connected to the gate electrodes of the transistors, connecting the gate electrodes and the dummy gates according to a positional relation between the gate electrodes and the dummy gates, and a wiring step of wiring a metal layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical system for image projection, wherein when used in an image projection apparatus, a screen-continuing portion (e.g., screen-underlying portion) of the apparatus can be reduced to a small size, or can be removed, and thereby the apparatus can be so compacted, and provides an image projection apparatus mounting such optical system. An optical system 10 for image projection including a lighting optical system 1 leading light from a light source 11 for lighting a display element 4 (or 4?), and a projecting optical system 3 for projecting projection light containing image information from the display element 4 (or 4?). The lighting optical system 1 is arranged such that a straight optical axis ? from the light source 11 in the lighting optical system 1 is positioned in an area deviated from a luminous flux ? of the projection light incident into the projecting optical system 3 toward an area where the projection light ? from the projecting optical system 3 passes.

Abstract: An optical illumination apparatus has a polarization conversion device for converting light from a light source into light polarized uniformly in a predetermined manner and an optical integrator system for illuminating a display panel with the light polarized in the predetermined manner. The polarization conversion device splits the light from the light source into a first light beam and a second light beam in such a way that the first and second light beams are polarized in different manners, and then converts one of the first and second light beams into light polarized in the identical manner as the other light beam. Moreover, the first and second light beams pass through an identical lens cell of a first lens array of the optical integrator system and are imaged on an identical lens cell of a second lens array of the optical integrator system.

Abstract: A projection optical system that performs enlargement projection of an image on a display device surface formed of a plurality of pixels onto a screen surface, in which pixel shift by less than a pixel pitch is performed on the screen surface in a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, an oblique direction, or a vertical and horizontal directions, and in which conditional formulae (1) and (2) below are fulfilled over the entire image range: (1)|??RG|?0.5 d and (2)|?BG|?0.5 d, where d represents the amount of pixel shift (>0), ?RG represents lateral chromatic aberration in the direction of pixel shift of colored light R having a wavelength of 640 nm with respect to colored light G having a wavelength of 546 nm, and ?BG represents lateral chromatic aberration in the direction of pixel shift of colored light B having a wavelength of 450 nm with respect to the colored light G having a wavelength of 546 nm.

Abstract: An projection type image display apparatus includes a projection optical system having a plurality of concave mirrors and digital micromirror device (DMD). An optical path from the DMD to the concave mirror closest to the DMD is a sealed space which is surrounded by an image forming device holding plate holding the DMD, an optical component holding member holding the concave mirror and the image forming device holding plate, and a cover glass (transparent dust-proof cover) arranged on the optical path from the DMD to the concave mirror closest to the DMD.

Abstract: A thin and light optical device satisfactorily separates light components having different properties. A blazed grating is formed on a surface of a flat-plate-shaped transparent substrate, and a separation coating that reflects or transmits incident light according to the properties of the incident light is provided on the blazed grating. The thus obtained optical device offers a function of separating light into reflected light and transmitted light, and also has a function of diffracting or refracting the thus separated light. As the separation coating, a polarization separation film, dichroic film, angle separation film, or chiral nematic liquid crystal layer is used to separate linearly polarized light components having different polarization planes, light components having different wavelengths, light components incident at different angles of incidence, or circularly polarized light components having different rotation directions.

Abstract: A projection optical system includes from the enlargement side a first lens unit, a mirror which is an optical path bending member, a second lens unit, and a third lens unit. The projection optical system is designed so that a condition (1), 5.5<T12/FL<12.0, is fulfilled. Here, T12 is the air equivalent distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and FL is the overall focal length of the projection optical system. By fulfilling the condition (1), it is unnecessary that the diameter of the first lens unit be extremely large. It is also unnecessary to change the lens shape to prevent interference between the first lens unit and the second lens units, so that an increase in the cost of the projection optical system can be suppressed.

Abstract: A projection optical system includes from the enlargement side a first lens unit, a mirror which is an optical path bending member, a second lens unit, and a third lens unit. The projection optical system is designed so that a condition (1), 5.5<T12/FL<12.0, is fulfilled. Here, T12 is the air equivalent distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit, and FL is the overall focal length of the projection optical system. By fulfilling the condition (1), it is unnecessary that the diameter of the first lens unit be extremely large. It is also unnecessary to change the lens shape to prevent interference between the first lens unit and the second lens units, so that an increase in the cost of the projection optical system can be suppressed.