Abstract: A display optical apparatus has an illumination optical system, a reflection-type light modulation device, an illumination/projection separation optical system, a microcylinderlens array, and a projection optical system. The illumination optical system, including a color separation device, separates light polarized in a predetermined polarization direction into light of different wavelength ranges traveling in different directions by use of the color separation device and emits the thus separated light as illumination light. The reflection-type light modulation device displays an optical image. The illumination/projection separation optical system directs the illumination light emitted from the illumination optical system to the reflection-type light modulation device and emits the light reflected from the reflection-type light modulation device as projection light.

Abstract: A camera having an image shift detecting function is provided with an optical system which forms a subject image, an image sensing device which converts light of the subject image into an electric signal, an image shift detecting sensor which detects a relative shift between the camera and the subject image based on an output of the image sensing device and a microcomputer which compensates for the relative shift between the camera and the subject image based on an image shift amount detected by the image shift detecting sensor. The microcomputer specifies an area of the image sensing device based on a direction of luminance variation of the subject image and the image shift detection is made by using only an output corresponding to the specified area.

Abstract: An illumination optical system has a light source that emits white light having random polarization planes, a polarization separation device that separates the light from the light source into two types of light having polarization planes perpendicular to each other and traveling in directions at an angle to each other, a wavelength-specific polarization conversion device that receives the two types of light thus separated and that then subjects the light of a particular wavelength range included in them to polarization conversion, a convergence optical system that receives the two types of light after the light of the particular wavelength range included therein has undergone polarization conversion and that then makes them converge on different convergence positions, and a half-wave plate disposed near one of those convergence positions.

Abstract: A projecting image display device is disclosed which includes a display and a micro lens array, where the pixels of the display and the micro lens elements each have non symmetric properties in length and width directions. The micro lens concentrates color-separated light onto pixels of a display device so that light does not hit the black matrix. By providing a display having pixels which are not equal in length and width, pixels corresponding to red (R), green (G) and blue (B) can be arranged in a substantially square area, and by providing a micro lens array which has non symmetric properties in length and width, the color separated light can be concentrated onto the non square display pixels.

Abstract: An optical system has the first, second, and third lens units from an object side. The first and third lens units have positive refractive powers. The second lens unit has a negative refractive power. The second lens unit moves toward an image side during focusing from an object at an infinite distance to an object at a finite distance. The second lens unit has a sub lens unit. The sub lens unit moves in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis to correct an image shake.

Abstract: A thin and light optical device satisfactorily separates light components having different properties. A blazed grating is formed on a surface of a flat-plate-shaped transparent substrate, and a separation coating that reflects or transmits incident light according to the properties of the incident light is provided on the blazed grating. The thus obtained optical device offers a function of separating light into reflected light and transmitted light, and also has a function of diffracting or refracting the thus separated light. As the separation coating, a polarization separation film, dichroic film, angle separation film, or chiral nematic liquid crystal layer is used to separate linearly polarized light components having different polarization planes, light components having different wavelengths, light components incident at different angles of incidence, or circularly polarized light components having different rotation directions.

Abstract: A projector has an illumination optical system, a reflection-type display panel, a projection optical system, and light-introducing device. The display panel is illuminated by the illumination light emitted from the illumination optical system and is divided into a plurality of pixels to reflect the incoming illumination light selectively in accordance with the pattern formed by those pixels and thereby produce projection light. The projection optical system transmits the projection light reflected from the display panel to project the pattern formed by the pixels onto a projection plane on which to form a projected image, and is composed of, from the projected-image side, a front lens unit, an aperture stop, and a rear lens unit. The light-introducing device is disposed between the front and rear lens units and directs the illumination light to the display panel. The projection optical system fulfills the condition 0.2≦&ggr;F≦0.

Abstract: An optical illumination apparatus has a polarization conversion device for converting light from a light source into light polarized uniformly in a predetermined manner and an optical integrator system for illuminating a display panel with the light polarized in the predetermined manner. The polarization conversion device splits the light from the light source into a first light beam and a second light beam in such a way that the first and second light beams are polarized in different manners, and then converts one of the first and second light beams into light polarized in the identical manner as the other light beam. Moreover, the first and second light beams pass through an identical lens cell of a first lens array of the optical integrator system and are imaged on an identical lens cell of a second lens array of the optical integrator system.

Abstract: An illumination optical apparatus has a light source for emitting illumination light, a first lens array having lens cells arranged regularly in a grid-like formation so that the lens cells of the first lens array will individually focus the illumination light incident thereon in different positions corresponding thereto, a second lens array having lens cells arranged regularly in a grid-like formation oriented in a different direction from the grid-like formation in which the lens cells of the first lens array are arranged, with the lens cells of the second lens array disposed in the positions in which the lens cells of the first lens array focus the illumination light, and a polarization separation device disposed between the light source and the second lens array so as to separate the illumination light coming from the light source in such a way that, through each of the lens cells of the first lens array, two components of the illumination light having mutually different polarization planes form two separ

Abstract: A zoom lens system has the first to fifth lens units from the object side. Refractive powers of the first to fifth lens units are positive, negative, negative, positive, negative, respectively. During zooming, the distances between the lens units are varied. Image blur compensation is made by parallel decentering the second lens unit. When f2 is the focal length of the second lens unit, f5 is the focal length of the fifth lens unit, and fw is the focal length of the entire lens system, then the following conditions are satisfied. 0.2<|f2/fw|<4.0 0.2<|f5/fw|<0.

Abstract: An image sensing apparatus has an optical lens system and a color image sensing device. The optical lens system forms an image on the color image sensing device by means of light from an illuminated subject. The color image sensing device is a charge coupled device which has a plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A polarization separation device has a grating having a recurring blaze-shaped grating pattern formed on one surface of a transparent base plate and an optically anisotropic material layer arranged adjacent to the grating and having different refractive indices in the direction in which the grating pattern recurs and in the direction perpendicular to that direction. The polarization separation device separates light incident thereon into two linearly polarized light components that have polarization planes perpendicular to each other in accordance with the polarization directions thereof by refracting one and simply transmitting the other of those two linearly polarized light components. Here, the refractive index N0 of the grating and the refractive indices Ne and Np of the optically anisotropic material layer with respect to one and the other, respectively, of the linearly polarized light components are defined as follows: |Ne−N0|≧0.2, and |Np−N0|≦0.03.

Abstract: A zoom lens system has the first to fifth lens units from the object side. Refractive powers of the first to fifth lens units are positive, negative, negative, positive, negative, respectively. During zooming, the distances between the lens units are varied. Image blur compensation is made by parallel decentering the second lens unit. The second lens unit includes a first lens unit and a rear lens unit, either of which can be moved vertically to the optical axis to compensate for image blur. The distance between the front and rear lens units is fixed during a zooming mode.

Abstract: A projecting optical system has a plurality of display panels, a color integrating mirror, a projection optical system, a correcting member, and a lens member. The color integrating mirror, disposed at an angle to any of the display panels, integrates the images displayed on the display panels into a single color-integrated image by reflecting a light component covering a specific wavelength range and transmitting light components covering other wavelength ranges than the specific wavelength range. The projection optical system projects the color-integrated image onto a screen. The correcting member, disposed within the projection optical system, corrects the astigmatic difference caused by the color integrating mirror. The lens member, disposed on the color-integrating-mirror side of the correcting member, corrects the astigmatic difference caused by the color integrating mirror.

Abstract: An apparatus has a member to be driven, an actuator for driving the member, a position detector and a controller. The actuator drives the member to move by an amount proportional to a given number of pulses. The position detector detects a position of the member in predetermined detection steps. The controller determines in steps smaller than the predetermined detection steps a target position up to which the member is to be moved. Then, it controls the actuator up to a detection-step position before the target position by closed-loop control in accordance with a detection result from the detector. Further, it controls the actuator from the detection step position to the target position by open-loop control.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes from the object side a first lens unit of a positive refractive power, a second lens unit of a positive refractive power, an aperture stop and a third lens unit of a negative refractive power. The second lens unit includes a front lens unit of a negative refractive power and a rear lens unit of a positive refractive power. In zooming from the shorter focal length side to the longer focal length side, the distance between the first and second lens units increases and the distance between the second and third lens units varies. Camera shake is compensated for by parallel decentering the entire second lens unit.

Abstract: A display apparatus of the present invention includes: an illumination optical system for emitting illumination light; a reflective display panel divided into a plurality of pixels, illuminated by the illumination light from the illumination optical system, and selectively reflecting the incident illumination light pixel by pixel as projection light; a projection optical system for projecting image information the reflective display panel onto a projected surface by transmitting the projection light reflected at the reflective display panel; and a reflection angle converting optical system disposed ahead of the reflective display panel, changing the angle of incidence of the illumination light on the reflective display panel, and adjusting the sum of the angle of incidence of the illumination light on the reflective display panel and the angle of reflection of the projection light at the reflective display panel.

Abstract: A projector optical system has a reflection-type display panel, an illumination optical system for illuminating the reflection-type display panel, and a projection optical system for projecting the images displayed on the reflection-type display panel onto a screen. The projection optical system has, from the screen side, a front lens unit and a rear lens unit. A light-deriving means for directing illumination light toward the reflection-type display panel is disposed between the front and rear lens units. Additionally, the following condition is fulfilled: 0.2<&phgr;F/&phgr;<0.9 where &phgr;F represents the optical power of the front lens unit of the projection optical system, and &phgr; represents the optical power of the entire projection optical system.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus has at least two dichroic reflecting surfaces, a wavelength plate, a polarizing beam splitter, and two reflection-type liquid crystal display devices. The first dichroic reflecting surface separates a polarized light beam into light beams of two different wavelength ranges. The wavelength plate rotates the polarization plane of the light beam of the first wavelength range. The second dichroic reflecting surface integrates together the light beam of the first wavelength range after the rotation of its polarization plane and the light beam of the second wavelength range. The polarizing beam splitter reflects one and transmits the other of the light beams of the first and second wavelength ranges after the integration by the second dichroic reflecting surface. The reflection-type liquid crystal display devices modulate and reflect the light beams reflected from and transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter, respectively.

Abstract: Dichroic mirrors are disposed at the same inclination angle in a position such that a plane including an incidence optical path and a reflection optical path (transmission optical path of green light) of blue light reflected at a reflecting surface of one dichroic mirror is orthogonal to a plane including an incidence optical path and a reflection optical path of red light reflected at the other dichroic mirror. The other dichroic mirror is formed by cementing two glass substrates, and a red light reflecting layer is formed on the joint surface.