Abstract: A first reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with an analyte, and a fluorescent label site, and a second reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with the analyte, and a fluorescence recognition site for recognizing fluorescence produced by the fluorescent label site of the first reactant, are respectively fixed onto a support such that the first reactant and the second reactant have a positional relationship adapted for the binding with the analyte.

Abstract: A complex, which has been formed by at least two pieces of a ligand and a first metal ion, is bound with a carrier. A second metal ion is then added onto the carrier, a new complex being thereby formed. A substance that contains a Group-15 or Group-16 atom, which has metal coordinating capability, is then fixed to the first metal ion and the second metal ion.

Abstract: A self assembling monolayer formed by the self assembling molecules is caused to bond onto the surface of a base material, and chelators are caused to bond onto the self assembling monolayer, to produce a substrate, in which the chelators are bound to the self assembling monolayer at a density within a range from 0.4/nm2 to 4/nm2. The bonding of the chelators onto the self assembling monolayer being performed within an organic solvent.

Abstract: A carrier comprises a base plate, a polymeric film, which has been bound on a surface of the base plate, and a ligand, which has been bound with the polymeric film. The ligand has been bound with the polymeric film at a density falling within the range of 1.0×1016 pieces/mm3 to 3.3×1018 pieces/mm3. The carrier is produced with a process, comprising the steps of: causing the polymeric film to bind on the base plate, and causing the ligand to bind with the polymeric film, the step of causing the ligand to bind with the polymeric film being performed in an organic solvent.

Abstract: An antibody-fragment-immobilizing substrate includes a substrate and at least one set of antibody fragments, wherein the antibody fragments of each set includes at least two types of separate antibody fragments that are capable of recognizing one type of antigen and that are independently immobilized on the substrate in a positional relationship that allows each of the antibody fragments in one set to bind to the same antigen.

Abstract: An antibody-fragment-immobilizing substrate includes a substrate and at least one set of antibody fragments, wherein antibody fragments of each set include at least two types of separate antibody fragments, the at least two types of separate antibody fragments include at least one type of labeled antibody fragment having a labeled site labeled with a luminescent substance and at least one type of acceptor antibody fragment having an acceptor site for accepting emission from the labeled antibody fragment, and the at least one type of labeled antibody fragment and the at least one type of acceptor antibody fragment are capable of cooperatively recognizing one type of antigen in combination and are independently immobilized on the substrate in a positional relationship that allows each of the antibody fragments in one set to bind to the same antigen.

Abstract: To provide a water purifier, containing: a diluting unit configured to bring targeted water for purification into contact with an aqueous solution containing a volatile solute and a polymer via a semi-permeable membrane so as to separate water from the targeted water by the semi-permeable membrane, and configured to dilute the aqueous solution with the separated water; a separating unit configured to separate the volatile solute and the polymer from the diluted aqueous solution obtained by the diluting unit so as to obtain purified water; and a dissolving unit configured to return the separated volatile solute by the separating unit to the aqueous solution containing the polymer, and to allow the separated volatile solute to dissolve in the aqueous solution containing the polymer.

Abstract: A method for purifying bioactive substances includes the steps of: causing a bioactive substance having histidine units to contact media, each constituted by a substrate, ligands which are physically attached to the surface of the substrate, and Cu(II) or Fe(II) metal ions which are covalently bonded to the ligands; causing the bioactive substance to covalently bond with the metal ions via the histidine units; and washing the media with an amount of 1 nmol/L to 10 mmol/L imidazole derivative solution 60 times the volume of the media or greater. In the case that the metal ions are Cu(II), the bioactive substance which has covalently bonded with the Cu(II) via the histidine units are recovered by one of a 10 mmol/L to 1 mol/L imidazole derivative solution and a 0.5 mmol/L to 5 mol/L EDTA solution.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting an antigen in a sample, the method including: bringing an unlabeled polypeptide and a labeled polypeptide into contact with an antigen in a sample, the unlabeled polypeptide being one of a pair including a VH-region polypeptide and a VL-region polypeptide which are separate and capable of cooperatively recognizing the antigen, and the labeled polypeptide being the other of the pair including the separate VH-region polypeptide and the VL-region polypeptide and being labeled with an environmentally-responsive substance at a site where the environmentally-responsive substance does not inhibit binding of the antigen, and detecting a change in the environmentally-responsive substance caused by a change in the environment around the labeled polypeptide after the contact. Also provided is an antibody fragment polypeptide set including the unlabeled polypeptide and the labeled polypeptide.

Abstract: A first reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with an analyte, and a fluorescent label site, and a second reactant, which is provided with a reaction site for specific binding with the analyte, and a fluorescence recognition site for recognizing fluorescence produced by the fluorescent label site of the first reactant, are respectively fixed onto a support such that the first reactant and the second reactant have a positional relationship adapted for the binding with the analyte.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a biosensor having excellent preservation stability. The present invention provides a biosensor wherein a first hydrophilic polymer layer is immobilized on a self-assembled membrane applied onto the surface of a metal substrate, a second hydrophilic polymer layer is applied onto the first hydrophilic polymer layer, and the total film thickness of the first hydrophilic polymer layer and the second hydrophilic polymer layer in a dry state is between 20 nm and 100 nm.

Abstract: A self assembling monolayer formed by the self assembling molecules is caused to bond onto the surface of a base material, and chelators are caused to bond onto the self assembling monolayer, to produce a substrate, in which the chelators are bound to the self assembling monolayer at a density within a range from 0.4/nm2 to 4/nm2. The bonding of the chelators onto the self assembling monolayer being performed within an organic solvent.

Abstract: A complex, which has been formed by at least two pieces of a ligand and a first metal ion, is bound with a carrier. A second metal ion is then added onto the carrier, a new complex being thereby formed. A substance that contains a Group-15 or Group-16 atom, which has metal coordinating capability, is then fixed to the first metal ion and the second metal ion.

Abstract: A substrate includes: a base material; and chelators which are three dimensionally covalently bound to the base material at a density of 7.8×1015/mm3 or greater and 4.5×1017/mm3 or less, or two dimensionally covalently bound to the base material at a planar density of 2.0×1011/mm2 or greater and 1.0×1013/mm2 or less. Metal ions are coordinately bound to the chelators, and a bioactive substance having histidine tags are coordinately bound to the metal ions. A blocking agent having ligand sets are coordinately bound to the metal ions to which the bioactive substance is not coordinately bound.

Abstract: A method for purifying bioactive substances includes the steps of: causing a bioactive substance having histidine units to contact media, each constituted by a substrate, ligands which are physically attached to the surface of the substrate, and Cu(II) or Fe(II) metal ions which are covalently bonded to the ligands; causing the bioactive substance to covalently bond with the metal ions via the histidine units; and washing the media with an amount of 1 nmol/L to 10 mmol/L imidazole derivative solution 60 times the volume of the media or greater. In the case that the metal ions are Cu(II), the bioactive substance which has covalently bonded with the Cu(II) via the histidine units are recovered by one of a 10 mmol/L to 1 mol/L imidazole derivative solution and a 0.5 mmol/L to 5 mol/L EDTA solution.

Abstract: A biosensor chip is constituted by: a substrate; a metal film which is physically attached to the substrate; and a self assembled monolayer constituted by alkyl chains, which is physically attached to the metal film. Ligands and at least one functional group, selected from a group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, a methyl group, and hydrogen atoms are physically attached to the self assembled monolayer. The ratio between the total number of alkyl chains physically attached to the metal film and the number of alkyl chains which are covalently bonded with the ligands is within a range of 0.40 to 0.99.

Abstract: A carrier comprises a base plate, a polymeric film, which has been bound on a surface of the base plate, and a ligand, which has been bound with the polymeric film. The ligand has been bound with the polymeric film at a density falling within the range of 1.0×1016 pieces/mm3 to 3.3×1018 pieces/mm3. The carrier is produced with a process, comprising the steps of: causing the polymeric film to bind on the base plate, and causing the ligand to bind with the polymeric film, the step of causing the ligand to bind with the polymeric film being performed in an organic solvent.

Abstract: A sheet feeding device includes a feeding unit that feeds a sheet; a rolling member that rolls by having contact with the sheet being fed by the feeding unit; a supporting member that moves along with a behavior of the sheet with supporting the rolling member so that the rolling member rolls in a feeding direction of the sheet at a predetermined position on the sheet; an acceleration measuring unit that measures accelerations acting on the supporting member in three directions; and a detecting unit that detects a feed error of the sheet based on the accelerations measured by the acceleration measuring unit.

Abstract: In the method of manufacturing a superconducting coil, a superconducting line coated with an insulating member is contained in a groove formed on a surface of a stainless steel plate, and a stainless steel lid is fitted in outer side of the superconducting line in an opening in the groove. The lid is formed to fit in the groove. Then, the plate and the lid are welded to seal at joint sections. The welding is conducted using a plurality of heat sources including a laser and an arc so that melting depth at the joint section is within a predetermined range. The lid may have two joint sections, and the welding of the joint sections of the lid may be conducted simultaneously. The plate may have a plurality of grooves, and the welding of the joint sections of the lid may be conducted simultaneously.

Abstract: An amusement device consisting of a manipulative egg-shaped puzzle having top and bottom housings rotatably connected by an internal mechanism. The top housing has a movable slide and a transparent window therein. The internal mechanism comprises a color marking thereon; a shaft fixedly connected to the bottom housing and extending from the bottom housing to the top housing; and a biased lever extending into the shaft for normally holding a movable weight at the top thereof, and an internal housing for supporting a plurality of rotation rings, each of which has a color marking thereon and a lever receptacle therein. When the bottom housing is rotated relative to the top housing the plurality of color markings may be aligned at the transparent window. Properly aligning the color markings necessarily aligns the rings and lever receptacles to allow the lever to move into the lever receptacles and out of the shaft.