Abstract: By providing a rib portion 40 having a constant height in the range from 50% to 120% of the height of the highest point of a split lens structure between a plurality of split lenses, even when roll forming is performed at a high speed, trapping of air bubbles can be inhibited, and resin flow can be promoted; therefore, an optical element 10 having a surface on which a lens shape is formed and having a special optical effect can be obtained with few structural defects and high productivity.

Abstract: A display element includes a plurality of display areas, each display area including a plurality of sub display areas, each sub display area including a plurality of cells. A boundary portion formed into a groove structure so as to surround the cells. A plurality of prism structures each having a triangular cross section are arranged in parallel to each other in the cells so as to extend linearly or in an arc, and the boundary portion includes a rib structure connected to both ends of one or more of the prism structures. A display area is to display different motifs, in response to one or more of the sub display areas changing an optical property to become reflective or transmissive in accordance with one or both of an orientation angle and an elevation angle of observation.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing a relief-pattern forming, the method and apparatus being suitable for producing a film-like material, such as an embossed film, having a fine relief-structure pattern formed on a surface thereof so as to have a distinctive optical effect with higher quality, good productivity, and fewer defects. A transfer pattern printed layer having an inverted structure of a relief-structure pattern is formed on a second substrate by printing a transfer pattern onto the surface of a first substrate on which the relief-structure pattern is formed at a predetermined position by registration with the relief-structure pattern followed by drying, laminating with the second substrate, curing and peeling.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing a relief-pattern forming, the method and apparatus being suitable for producing a film-like material, such as an embossed film, having a fine relief-structure pattern formed on a surface thereof so as to have a distinctive optical effect with higher quality, good productivity, and fewer defects. A transfer pattern printed layer having an inverted structure of a relief-structure pattern is formed on a second substrate by printing a transfer pattern onto the surface of a first substrate on which the relief-structure pattern is formed at a predetermined position by registration with the relief-structure pattern followed by drying, laminating with the second substrate, curing and peeling.

Abstract: An image display that is to be transferred from a support onto a substrate and displays an image including personal information, according to a possible embodiment, includes: a base layer releasably supported by the support, having a light-transmitting property, a first pattern including a hologram and/or diffraction grating and transferred onto a main surface of the base layer, the first pattern displaying a first image including at least a piece of the personal information, the first pattern including dot-shaped portions, each center of the dot-shaped portions being located on a lattice point of a virtual planer lattice; and a second pattern displaying a second image, comprising an ink, and transferred onto the main surface of the base layer. At least a part of the first pattern and at least a part of the second pattern are juxtaposed on a same plane parallel to the main surface of the base layer.

Abstract: A display includes a transparent base having one surface on which a structure-forming layer, a light reflection layer and a protective layer are sequentially laminated. The light reflection layer reflects part of the incident light, while transmitting therethrough the rest of the light. The structure-forming layer includes a plurality of structure areas, and each of the plurality of structure areas is formed of a concavo-convex structure.

Abstract: According to a display element comprising a plurality of display areas, the display area includes a plurality of sub display areas each comprising a plurality of cells, and the display area is adapted to display, in response to one or more of the sub display areas changing an optical property to become reflective or transmissive in accordance with an orientation angle and an elevation angle of observation, different motifs in accordance with one or both of the orientation angle and the elevation angle of observation.

Abstract: By providing a rib portion 40 having a constant height in the range from 50% to 120% of the height of the highest point of a split lens structure between a plurality of split lenses, even when roll forming is performed at a high speed, trapping of air bubbles can be inhibited, and resin flow can be promoted; therefore, an optical element 10 having a surface on which a lens shape is formed and having a special optical effect can be obtained with few structural defects and high productivity.

Abstract: An image display that is to be transferred from a support onto a substrate and displays an image including personal information, according to a possible embodiment, includes: a base layer releasably supported by the support, having a light-transmitting property, a first pattern including a hologram and/or diffraction grating and transferred onto a main surface of the base layer, the first pattern displaying a first image including at least a piece of the personal information, the first pattern including dot-shaped portions, each center of the dot-shaped portions being located on a lattice point of a virtual planer lattice; and a second pattern displaying a second image, comprising an ink, and transferred onto the main surface of the base layer. At least a part of the first pattern and at least a part of the second pattern are juxtaposed on a same plane parallel to the main surface of the base layer.

Abstract: An image display is to be transferred from a support onto a substrate and displays an image including personal information. The image display includes a base layer releasably supported by the support and having a light-transmitting property, and an image display layer including a hologram and/or diffraction grating and transferred onto the base layer by a thermal transfer method using a thermal head. The image display layer displays an image including at least a piece of the personal information. An individual authentication medium including the image display, and manufacturing methods of the image display and individual authentication medium are also described.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing a relief-pattern forming, the method and apparatus being suitable for producing a film-like material, such as an embossed film, having a fine relief-structure pattern formed on a surface thereof so as to have a distinctive optical effect with higher quality, good productivity, and fewer defects. A transfer pattern printed layer having an inverted structure of a relief-structure pattern is formed on a second substrate by printing a transfer pattern onto the surface of a first substrate on which the relief-structure pattern is formed at a predetermined position by registration with the relief-structure pattern followed by drying, laminating with the second substrate, curing and peeling.

Abstract: A display includes a transparent base having one surface on which a structure-forming layer, a light reflection layer and a protective layer are sequentially laminated. The light reflection layer reflects part of the incident light, while transmitting therethrough the rest of the light. The structure-forming layer includes a plurality of structure areas, and each of the plurality of structure areas is formed of a concavo-convex structure.

Abstract: An image display is to be transferred from a support onto a substrate and displays an image including personal information. The image display includes a base layer releasably supported by the support and having a light-transmitting property, and an image display layer including a hologram and/or diffraction grating and transferred onto the base layer by a thermal transfer method using a thermal head. The image display layer displays an image including at least a piece of the personal information. An individual authentication medium including the image display, and manufacturing methods of the image display and individual authentication medium are also described.

Abstract: A speech recognition apparatus using a probability model that employs a mixed distribution, the apparatus formed by a standard pattern storage means for storing a standard pattern; a recognition means for outputting recognition results corresponding to an input speech by using the standard pattern; a standard pattern generating means for inputting learning speech and generating the standard pattern; and a standard pattern adjustment means, provided between the standard pattern generating means and the standard pattern storage means, for adjusting the number of element distributions of the mixed distribution of the standard pattern.

Abstract: The invention provides a data communication system in which a private IP terminal (client terminal) 40 arranged on a private network within a firewall makes connection to a public server 50 by automatically searching for a communication path capable of passing through the firewall. The terminal arranged within the firewall is provided with path search means for automatically searching for a combination of a connection type, a port number, and a communication protocol capable of passing through the firewall by attempting connection to the public server 50 while successively modifying the combination of the connection type, the port number, and the communication protocol, and data communication means for performing data communication by forming a communication path with the public server 50 based on the searched combination of the connection type, the port number, and the communication protocol.

Abstract: A voice recognition system comprises an analyzer for converting an input voice signal to an input pattern including cepstrum, a reference pattern for storing reference patterns, an elongation/contraction estimating unit for outputting an elongation/contraction parameter in frequency axis direction by using the input pattern and the reference patterns, and a recognizing unit for calculating the distances between the converted input pattern from the converter and the reference patterns and outputting the reference pattern corresponding to the shortest distance as result of recognition. The elongation/contraction unit estimates an elongation/contraction parameter by using cepstrum included in the input pattern. The elongation/contraction unit does not have various values in advance for determining the elongation/contraction parameter, nor is it necessary for the elongation/contraction unit have to execute distance calculation for various values.

Abstract: A speech recognition apparatus using a probability model that employs a mixed distribution, the apparatus formed by a standard pattern storage means for storing a standard pattern; a recognition means for outputting recognition results corresponding to an input speech by using the standard pattern; a standard pattern generating means for inputting learning speech and generating the standard pattern; and a standard pattern adjustment means, provided between the standard pattern generating means and the standard pattern storage means, for adjusting the number of element distributions of the mixed distribution of the standard pattern.

Abstract: Pattern matching means 3 matches categories of a reference pattern stored in reference pattern memory means 2 and input samples of an input pattern produced by input pattern generating means 1. Data statistics estimating means 6 calculates the numbers of input samples in individual nodes of a tree scheme reference pattern stored in the tree scheme reference pattern memory means 4. Node selecting means 6 selects nodes used for adaptation according to the input sample numbers calculated by the data statistics estimating means 5. Adaptation parameter generating means 7 calculates an adaptation parameter in the Nodes selected by the node selecting means 6. Reference pattern generating means 8 produces an adapted reference pattern using the calculated adaptation parameter.

Abstract: A speech recognition system learns characteristics of speech by a user during a learning phase to improve its performance. Adaptation data derived from the user's speech and its recognized result is collected during the learning phase. Parameters characterizing hidden Markov Models (HMMs) used in the system for speech recognition are modified based on the adaptation data. To that end, a hierarchical structure is defined in an HMM parameter space. This structure may assume the form of a tree structure having multiple layers, each of which includes one or more nodes. Each node on each layer is connected to at least one node on another layer. The nodes on the lowest layer of the tree structure are referred to as "leaf nodes." Each node in the tree structure represents a subset of the HMM parameters, and is associated with a probability measure which is derived from the adaptation data.

Abstract: The invention provides a standard pattern production system which produces an optimum recognition unit in terms of an information criterion to given learning data using an information criterion in learning of a standard pattern in pattern recognition. An input pattern production section holds an input pattern, and a standard pattern producing parameter production section calculates and outputs parameters necessary to produce standard patterns of individual categories. A cluster set production section divides a category set into cluster sets. A common standard pattern production section calculates standard patterns of individual clusters of the cluster sets. An optimum cluster selection section receives a plurality of cluster sets and common standard patterns and selects an optimum cluster using an information criterion. A standard pattern storage section stores the common standard pattern of the optimum cluster set as a standard pattern for the individual categories.