Abstract: Methods of use of medicaments having neovascularization promoting action, which medicaments comprise a retinoid antagonist such as 4-(5H-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-5,7,7,10,10-pentamethylbenzo[e]naphtho[2,3-b][1-,4]diazepin-13-yl)benzoic acid as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A serotonin 5-HT3 receptor agonist containing a compound represented by the general formula (1) [R1, R3 and R5 represent hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, a lower alkoxy group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, or nitro group, R2 and R4 represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, or amino group, R6 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkenyl group, R7 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group, and m and n are integers of 1 to 3] or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and having both a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic action and a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action.

Abstract: A serotonin 5-HT3 receptor agonist containing a compound represented by the general formula (1) [R1, R3 and R5 represent hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, a lower alkoxy group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, or nitro group, R2 and R4 represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, or amino group, R6 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkenyl group, R7 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group, and m and n are integers of 1 to 3] or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and having both a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic action and a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action.

Abstract: A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of a bowel diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease, which comprises as an active ingredient a retinoid such as, for example, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid.

Abstract: A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of a lower urinary tract symptom caused by a lower urinary tract disorder, which comprises as an active ingredient a retinoid such as, for example, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid

Abstract: A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of a physical dysfunction such as motor dysfunction caused by nerve damage resulting from an accident, cerebral crisis and the like, which comprises as an active ingredient a compound or a salt thereof represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R1 to R5 represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkyl-substituted silyl group, X represents —CONH— or —NHCO—, and A represents a carboxylic acid-substituted aromatic group which may be substituted or a tropolonyl group which may be substituted.

Abstract: A medicament having an anti-wrinkle action, which comprises as an active ingredient a retinoid having a fundamental structure of a phenyl substituted carbamoyl benzoic acid or a phenyl substituted carboxamide benzoic acid (for example, 4-(2,4-bistrimethylsilylphenylcarboxamide) benzoic acid, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl) carbamoyl] benzoic acid, or the like).

Abstract: A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of a secretory dysfunctional disease associated with lymphocyte infiltration into a gland such as type I diabetes or Sjogren's syndrome, which comprises as an active ingredient a retinoid such as, for example, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid.

Abstract: A medicament for promoting memory consolidation, which comprises, as an active ingredient, a non-natural retinoid, preferably a retinoid having a basic skeleton comprising an aromatic ring bound with an aromatic carboxylic acid or tropolone by means of a bridging group, more preferably 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthaleny)carbamoyl]benzoic acid or 4- [(3,5-bis-trimethylsilylphenyl)-carboxamido]benzoic acid.

Abstract: A serotonin 5-HT3 receptor agonist containing a compound represented by the general formula (1) [R1, R3 and R5 represent hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, a lower alkoxy group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, or nitro group, R2 and R4 represent a halogen atom, hydroxyl group, or amino group, R6 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkenyl group, R7 represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, or an aralkyl group, and m and n are integers of 1 to 3] or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and having both a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonistic action and a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action.

Abstract: A medicament for therapeutic and/or preventive treatment of restenosis or reocclusion after a vascular recanalization operation, which comprises as an active ingredient a compound represented by the following formula or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, and a medical device for an intravascular treatment, which contains said compound or the physiologically acceptable salt thereof in a releasable form.

Abstract: A method for forming an organ and/or tissue from undifferentiated cells derived from a vertebrate animal in vitro, which comprises the step of culturing the undifferentiated cells derived from a vertebrate animal in the presence of a retinoic acid X receptor ligand (e.g., a retinoic acid X receptor agonist or antagonist), and a method for forming a pancreas from undifferentiated cells derived from a vertebrate animal in vitro or a method for forming a tissue having morphology and function of a pancreas from undifferentiated cells derived from a vertebrate in vitro, which comprises the step of culturing the undifferentiated cells derived from a vertebrate animal in the presence of a retinoic acid receptor ligand, together with activin, that does not substantially bind to the retinoic acid receptor subtype ?.

Abstract: A medicament having a neovascularization promoting action, which comprises a retinoid antagonist such as 4-(5H-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-5,7,7,10,10-pentamethylbenzo[e]naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]diazepin-13-yl)benzoic acid as an active ingredient and is useful for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of ischemic diseases and wounds.

Abstract: A medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of a vascular disease such as vascular restenosis and/or reocclusion after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty using an intravascular stent, which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of retinoids and agents for controlling actions of retinoids such as 4-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid or a salt thereof, or 4-[[[(3,5-bis-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]carbonyl]amino]benzoic acid or a salt thereof, wherein said substance has substantially no antiproliferative action on vascular endothelial cells, but substantially has antiproliferative action on vascular smooth muscle cells.

Abstract: A medicament having an anti-wrinkle action, which comprises as an active ingredient a retinoid having a fundamental structure of a phenyl substituted carbamoyl benzoic acid or a phenyl substituted carboxamide benzoic acid (for example, 4-(2,4-bistrimethylsilylphenylcarboxamide)benzoic acid, 4-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid, or the like).

Abstract: This invention provides a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor partial activator which has a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action, in addition to its serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonism, and does not cause constipation as a side effect. Particularly, based on the finding that newly synthesized benzoxazole derivatives typified by the compounds of the following formula (2) have strong serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonism and serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action, this invention provides these benzoxazole derivatives as serotonin 5-HT3 receptor partial activators.

Abstract: This invention provides a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor partial activator which has a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action, in addition to its serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonism, and does not cause constipation as a side effect. Particularly, based on the finding that newly synthesized benzoxazole derivatives typified by the compounds of the following formula (2) have strong serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonism and serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action, this invention provides these benzoxazole derivatives as serotonin 5-HT3 receptor partial activators.

Abstract: A method for creating physiologically active compounds, comprising the following steps: (1) generating a compound database storing molecular structures covering all the combinations of at least one substitution site selected from substitutable sites existing on a basic molecular skeleton and utilizable substituents; and (2) extracting molecular structures satisfying requirements for exhibiting the physiological activity from the compound database.

Abstract: This invention provides a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor partial activator which has a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor activating action, in addition to its serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonism, and does not cause constipation as a side effect.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) or (II) or a salt thereof wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R2 and R3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, or R2 and R3 may combine together to represent a 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl group; R4 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R5 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; X represents —NR7—, —O—, —CHR7— or —S— in which R7 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; and Y represents a phenylene group or a pyridinediyl group. The compounds are useful as agents for enhancing the activities of retinoid compounds.