Abstract: An e-mail sending-receiving system that enables to ensure security at the time of sending and receiving an e-mail including an attached file encrypted and to improve convenience. In an e-mail sending terminal, a first storing unit stores a password in a storage medium in association with a receiving-side mail address, an encryption unit encrypts a file attached to an e-mail so as to be decodable using the password, a generation unit generates the e-mail by attaching the file encrypted, and a sending unit sends the e-mail to the receiving-side mail address. In an e-mail receiving-side terminal, a second storing unit stores the password in the storage medium in association with a sending-side mail address, a reception unit receives the e-mail, and a decoding unit decodes the encrypted file using the password stored in association with the sending-side mail address of the e-mail received.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus that is capable of displaying, when displaying a large number of contents in a manner divided into a plurality of pages, the contents in a manner such that continuity between each other is maintained, and enables a user to easily recognize the contents located in the vicinity of each page boundary. The information processing apparatus includes a CPU which selects and arranges the contents such that contents selected as objects to be displayed are redundant between adjacent display sections at a predetermined ratio, and subjects displays the contents to screen display in a display area, on a display section-by-display section basis.

Abstract: In an X-ray strip detector, at least one joining semiconductor film are formed on surface of a sensitive semiconductor film, on the part of X-strips and Y-strips, that is sensitive to incident X-rays to generate electric charge, and on at least an entire sensitive region of a conversion film. The joining semiconductor film has higher resistance value than resistance value of the sensitive semiconductor film. Accordingly, when the electric charge generated in the sensitive semiconductor film are collected in the X-strips and the Y-strips, movement of the electric charge into other adjacent strip electrodes is avoidable. Consequently, crosstalk can be suppressed that the electric charge leak to the adjacent strip electrodes.

Abstract: A system includes a first apparatus which transmits identification information to a second apparatus and records management information from the second apparatus, the second apparatus which, if the management information has been received, compares the management information with management information recorded, and if the management information acquired from the first apparatus is different, transmits the management information to the first apparatus, if the management information has not been received, transmits an issuance request of management information to the information processing apparatus, and transmits the management information received from the information processing apparatus to the first apparatus, and records the transmitted management information and the received identification information, and an information processing apparatus which generates the management information and transmits the management information to the second apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an X-ray apparatus with an X-ray tube controller. The X-ray tube controller controls an X-ray tube so as for X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube to have an energy width whose upper limit is more than the minimum K-shell absorption edge of K-shell absorption edges for elements forming a conversion film and is equal to or less than a preset value depending on a K-shell absorption edge corresponding to a characteristic X-ray whose energy influences the blur. Accordingly, the less number of ejected K-shell characteristic X-rays is obtainable than the case when the emitted X-rays have an energy width whose upper limit is more than a preset value depending on the K-shell absorption edge corresponding to the characteristic X-ray whose energy influences the blur. This allows a suppressed blurred image generated from ejected K-shell characteristic X-rays outside a pixel area where X-rays enter to introduce a photoelectric effect.

Abstract: In an X-ray strip detector, at least one joining semiconductor film are formed on surface of a sensitive semiconductor film, on the part of X-strips and Y-strips, that is sensitive to incident X-rays to generate electric charge, and on at least an entire sensitive region of a conversion film. The joining semiconductor film has higher resistance value than resistance value of the sensitive semiconductor film. Accordingly, when the electric charge generated in the sensitive semiconductor film are collected in the X-strips and the Y-strips, movement of the electric charge into other adjacent strip electrodes is avoidable. Consequently, crosstalk can be suppressed that the electric charge leak to the adjacent strip electrodes.

Abstract: A system includes a first apparatus which transmits identification information to a second apparatus and records management information from the second apparatus, the second apparatus which, if the management information has been received, compares the management information with management information recorded, and if the management information acquired from the first apparatus is different, transmits the management information to the first apparatus, if the management information has not been received, transmits an issuance request of management information to the information processing apparatus, and transmits the management information received from the information processing apparatus to the first apparatus, and records the transmitted management information and the received identification information, and an information processing apparatus which generates the management information and transmits the management information to the second apparatus.

Abstract: A device management system including the device management apparatus and a plurality of communication devices capable of communicating with the device management apparatus via the network stores destination information received from a first communication device and first identification information corresponding to the first communication device in association with address information, transmits the address information according to the destination information, transmits screen information to a second communication device in response to access from the second communication device using the address information, stores, when it receives service-related information input according to the screen information from the second communication device, the service-related information in association with second identification information for uniquely specifying the service-related information and the first identification information corresponding to the address information, and notifies the first communication device of the

Abstract: When a conventional idea of determining a setting condition from a parameter of resolution (image resolution) is changed to use an X-ray tube with a stable focus size, setting conditions are determined from a focus size ? [?m] of the X-ray tube. The minimum radiography size b [?m] is settable from the focus size ? [?m] and ??b/2. A magnification rate ? is settable from the set minimum radiography size b [?m], a pixel pitch d [?m] of an X-ray detector, and b?/d?5. Consequently, the minimum radiography size b [?m] and the magnification rate ? are each settable with use of the X-ray tube having the stable focus size ? [?m]. This results in stable radiography or fluoroscopy through magnifying an object in minute size.

Abstract: Although Cl (chlorine) is no longer supplied in the course of a first process in which a detecting layer formed by a polycrystalline film or a polycrystalline lamination film by vapor deposition or sublimation is formed, an additional source (e.g., HCl of Cl-containing gas) other than a source is supplied at the start or in the course of the first process. Thus, the detecting layer as the polycrystalline film or the polycrystalline lamination film of CdTe, ZnTe, or CdZnTe can be doped with Cl uniformly in a thickness direction from the start until the end of the first process in film formation. As a result, uniform crystal particles and uniform detection characteristics can be achieved.

Abstract: The radiation image pickup apparatus of this invention can obtain an accurate temperature characteristic of dark current noise, the dark current noise being caused by dark current flowing through an X-ray conversion layer, by obtaining dark image signals at varied times for accumulating in capacitors charge signals converted by an X-ray converting layer. Consequently, the noise due to the dark current can be removed with high accuracy by removing periodically acquired offset signals from X-ray detection signals acquired at a time of X-ray image pickup, and correcting variations of the dark current noise due to a difference in temperature between a time of offset signal acquisition and the time of X-ray image pickup, using the temperature characteristic of the dark current noise.

Abstract: According to a radiation detector manufacturing method, a radiation detector and a radiographic apparatus of this invention, Cl-doped CdZnTe is employed for a conversion layer, with Cl concentration set to 1 ppm wt to 3 ppm wt inclusive, and Zn concentration set to 1 mol % to 5 mol % inclusive. This can form the conversion layer optimal for the radiation detector. Consequently, the radiation detector manufacturing method, the radiation detector and the radiographic apparatus can be provided which can protect the defect level of crystal grain boundaries by Cl doping in a proper concentration, and can further maintain integral sensitivity to radiation, while reducing leakage current, by Zn doping in a proper concentration.

Abstract: Although Cl (chlorine) is no longer supplied in the course of a first process in which a detecting layer formed by a polycrystalline film or a polycrystalline lamination film by vapor deposition or sublimation is formed, an additional source (e.g., HCl of Cl-containing gas) other than a source is supplied at the start or in the course of the first process. Thus, the detecting layer as the polycrystalline film or the polycrystalline lamination film of CdTe, ZnTe, or CdZnTe can be doped with Cl uniformly in a thickness direction from the start until the end of the first process in film formation. As a result, uniform crystal particles and uniform detection characteristics can be achieved.

Abstract: A graphite substrate is processed to have surface unevenness in a range of 1 ?m to 8 ?m. Thereby, a semiconductor film to be laminated on the graphite substrate has a stable film quality, and thus adhesion of the graphite substrate and the semiconductor layer can be enhanced. When an electron blocking layer is interposed between the graphite substrate and the semiconductor layer, the electron blocking layer is thin and thus the surface unevenness of the graphite substrate is transferred onto the electron blocking layer. Consequently, the electron blocking layer also has surface unevenness approximately in such range. Thus, almost the same effect as a configuration in which the semiconductor layer is directly connected to the graphite substrate can be produced.

Abstract: A drive controller varies a bias voltage applied from a bias supply to a conversion layer based on the presence or absence of binning, that is, for a case of carrying out binning where switching elements are driven on the basis of a plurality of rows at a time by a gate drive circuit, and for a case of carrying out no binning where the switching elements are driven on a row-by-row basis by the gate drive circuit. Therefore, in the case of a fluoroscopic mode for acquiring images with binning, a lowering of a dynamic range can be suppressed. In the case of a radiographic mode with no binning, spatial resolution can be made high. That is, a high dynamic range and high spatial resolution can be optimized according to modes of operation.

Abstract: An X-ray detector provided for a radiation image pickup apparatus of this invention includes two types of areas, i.e. an image area for X-ray detection, and an image area for time variation noise detection to detect time variation noises generating from circuits of the X-ray detector. Consequently, time variation noises can be detected properly, regardless of damage to gate circuits of an active matrix substrate, by reading charge signals from the image area for time variation noise detection before a gate drive circuit is set to ON. As a result, a radiation image pickup apparatus with improved image quality can be manufactured.

Abstract: According to a radiation detector manufacturing method, a radiation detector and a radiographic apparatus of this invention, Cl-doped CdZnTe is employed for a conversion layer, with Cl concentration set to 1 ppm wt to 3 ppm wt inclusive, and Zn concentration set to 1 mol % to 5 mol % inclusive. This can form the conversion layer optimal for the radiation detector. Consequently, the radiation detector manufacturing method, the radiation detector and the radiographic apparatus can be provided which can protect the defect level of crystal grain boundaries by Cl doping in a proper concentration, and can further maintain integral sensitivity to radiation, while reducing leakage current, by Zn doping in a proper concentration.

Abstract: The radiation image pickup apparatus of this invention can obtain an accurate temperature characteristic of dark current noise, the dark current noise being caused by dark current flowing through an X-ray conversion layer, by obtaining dark image signals at varied times for accumulating in capacitors charge signals converted by an X-ray converting layer. Consequently, the noise due to the dark current can be removed with high accuracy by removing periodically acquired offset signals from X-ray detection signals acquired at a time of X-ray image pickup, and correcting variations of the dark current noise due to a difference in temperature between a time of offset signal acquisition and the time of X-ray image pickup, using the temperature characteristic of the dark current noise.

Abstract: Conventional reset ability is fixed of resetting an amplifier in a charge-to-voltage conversion amplifier. According to an imaging device of this invention, reset ability may be switched. For this purpose, a reset ability-switching function is provided for switching power consumption of the amplifier as reset ability of resetting an amplifier in the charge-to-voltage conversion amplifier, which may realize free switching of the power consumption as the reset ability and adaptability to various types of charge-to-voltage conversion. Accordingly, heat generation may be suppressed by switching power consumption to the lower one in the case where heat generation possibly increases.

Abstract: An X-ray detector provided for a radiation image pickup apparatus of this invention includes two types of areas, i.e. an image area for X-ray detection, and an image area for time variation noise detection to detect time variation noises generating from circuits of the X-ray detector. Consequently, time variation noises can be detected properly, regardless of damage to gate circuits of an active matrix substrate, by reading charge signals from the image area for time variation noise detection before a gate drive circuit is set to ON. As a result, a radiation image pickup apparatus with improved image quality can be manufactured.