Abstract: An ignition system for an internal combustion engine is connected to an ignition coil and to a circuit for providing an ignition signal. The ignition system includes a switch circuit connected to the ignition coil that switches on or off current supplied to the ignition coil, a control circuit that controls the switch circuit based on the ignition signal and a protection circuit that includes a pair of back-to-back connected zener diodes connected between the input terminal of the control circuit and a ground.

Abstract: An ignition device for an internal combustion engine includes a power transistor connected to a primary coil of an ignition coil, a current sensing resistor connected in series with the power transistor, a constant current circuit and an abnormal oscillation control circuit that connects the gate resistor with the feedback circuit when the constant current circuit controls the primary current to be constant. The constant current circuit has a gate resistor connected in series to the control gate of the power transistor and a feedback circuit connected between the gate resistor and the current sensing resistor and controls current supplied to a control gate of the power transistor so as to control the primary current to be constant.

Abstract: When a spark discharge is produced, a first current flows in one direction. From a rise of an ignition signal to energize an ignition coil to a fall of the ignition signal to deenergize the ignition coil, in order that a second current flowing in the opposite direction can be detected, the voltage into which the second current has been converted is compared with a first threshold voltage for smolder detection. After the fall of the ignition signal to the rise of the ignition signal, the voltage into which the second current has been converted is compared with a second threshold voltage for misfire detection. The first threshold is set larger than the second threshold.

Abstract: A temperature control method and apparatus, and a plasma processing apparatus are provided. The temperature control method includes the steps of, during an idle state in which a substrate processing is not performed, controlling a temperature of a heat transfer medium in a circulation channel by a second heat exchanger and a heater to control a temperature of an electrode to be maintained at a predetermined set temperature, and when a high frequency power is applied to the electrode to start the substrate processing, reducing the temperature of the heat transfer medium below the set temperature of the electrode through the use of a first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to maintain the temperature of the electrode at the set temperature.

Abstract: This invention provides a wide band IC tag in which the vicinity of an IC portion arranged in a tag main body can be arranged in a portion difficult to be influenced by an object. Therefore, this invention is characterized in the wide band IC tag for connecting the IC portion arranged in the tag main body and an antenna portion, wherein the IC portion is arranged at an end of the tag main body.

Abstract: This invention provides a wide band IC tag having a wide frequency band and difficult to be influenced an object having a dielectric constant. Therefore, the wide band IC tag is formed by connecting an IC portion arranged in a tag main body and left and right antenna portions. The left and right antenna portions are constructed by respective plural antenna elements of different element lengths.

Abstract: A planar antenna able to secure a wide frequency band and having high reliability. Therefore, the planar antenna has at least a grounding plate, a radiating conductor, a matching portion, a power supply portion, a spacer, a central conductor and a coaxial connector. The matching portion is a flat plate having a taper shape (an inverse taper shape) narrowed in width from the power supply portion to the radiating conductor. Further, the matching portion is slantingly arranged with respect to the grounding plate.

Abstract: An ignition control apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the present invention has a switching circuit and a control circuit. The switching circuit includes a first switch controlling a main current constituting the most portion of the coil current, a second switch controlling a sensing current constituting the coil current together with the main current; and a temperature sensor detecting temperatures of the first and the second switches, which are realized by semiconductors. The control circuit, which is heat-isolated from the switching circuit, includes a current limiting circuit operating the first switch and the second switch to adjust the coil current to a predetermined value based on the sensing current, and a thermal shutoff circuit turning off both the first switch and the second switch when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: An ion current detecting device includes an ion current detecting unit which detects ion current based on combustion ion generated after an ignition which is performed in a combustion chamber and an amplifier unit which amplifies ion current detected by the ion current detecting unit. The amplifier unit has an amplification rate which is set so that an output amplified ion current varies nonlinearly with ion current of the ion current detecting unit. Thus, the amplifier unit enables the amplification rate to vary according to a level of ion current. Therefore, ion current can be detected correctly even if a minute ion current is generated when the spark plug malfunctions etc., and even if ion current becomes higher.

Abstract: A modified regenerated cellulose fiber which enables dyeing in different colors by combining the modified regenerated cellulose fiber and other fibers by means of mixed spinning or union knitting/weaving. The modified regenerated cellulose fiber can be obtained by adding 0.5–3.0% by weight of a grounder of naphthol dye to the regenerated cellulose fiber in a matrix of the regenerated cellulose fiber, the grounder being selected from the group having a medium to high level of affinity to the regenerated cellulose fiber. A variety of dyed fiber products can be obtained by treating yarn or knitted/woven fabric made of the above modified regenerated cellulose fiber with a developer of naphthol dye.

Abstract: A top rim portion of a spin base 21 seats plural chuck pins F1 through F3 and S1 through S3 which are structured to abut on an outer circumferential surface of a substrate W and hold the substrate W, and further, plural support members 22 are fixed projecting upward on the top rim portion of the spin base 21 such that the plural support members 22 can abut on a bottom rim portion of the substrate W and support the substrate W. The chuck pins F1 through F3 and S1 through S3 comprise movable main members 231, which are axially supported at the spin base 21 so that the movable main members 231 can freely revolve, and abutting members 232 which are fixedly supported on the movable main members 231. As the movable main members 231 revolve, the abutting members 232 abut on and move away from the outer circumferential surface of the substrate W.

Abstract: An ignition system for an internal combustion engine is connected to an ignition coil and to a circuit means for providing an ignition signal. The ignition system includes a switch circuit connected to the ignition coil that switches on or off current supplied to the ignition coil, a control circuit that controls the switch circuit based on the ignition signal and a protection circuit that includes a pair back-to-back connected zener diodes connected between the input terminal of the control circuit and a ground.

Abstract: An ignition system for an internal combustion engine includes a switch circuit connected to an ignition coil to switch on or off current supplied to the ignition coil, a control circuit for providing a control signal for controlling the switch circuit based on the ignition signal and a protection circuit including an input terminal that receives the ignition signal, an NPN transistor having a collector connected to the input terminal, an emitter connected to a ground, a base and the collector and a parasitic diode between the collector and the emitter of the NPN transistor, in which a prescribed capacitance is formed between the base and the collector of the NPN transistor. If an electric surge that has an ascending slope comes into the input terminal, the NPN transistor to turn on to discharge the electric surge to a ground. If an electric surge that has an descending slope comes into the input terminal, it passes through the parasitic diode toward the input terminal.

Abstract: Provision of a stabilized crystal of 6-(3-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)-1-[(S)-1-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpropyl]-7-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (compound A). A crystal of compound A, which shows a particular X-ray powder diffraction pattern of a characteristic diffraction peaks at diffraction angles 2?(°) as measured by X-ray powder diffractmetry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for producing a compound of the formula [11] wherein R is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted condensed heterocyclic group, which is useful as a therapeutic agent for diabetes. The method of the present invention is an industrially utilizable method that enables efficient production of the objective compound [11] from ?-methyl L-aspartate via an important intermediate compound [6] wherein R is as defined above, at high yield.

Abstract: A main steam system around a nuclear reactor which comprises two main steam nozzles in a reactor pressure vessel, each of the main nozzles being disposed at a symmetrical position with respect to a plane parallel to steam outlet faces of steam dryers provided inside the reactor pressure vessel and passing through a center of the reactor pressure vessel; and main steam pipes each connected to the main steam nozzles.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, A and m are each as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, and compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds in the treatment of a condition mediated by 5-HT4 receptor activity such as, but not limited to, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastrointestinal disease, gastric motility disorder, non-ulcer dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, dyspepsia, esophagitis, gastroesophageral disease, nausea, central nervous system disease, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorder, emesis, migraine, neurological disease, pain, cardiovascular disorders such as cardiac failure and heart arrhythmia, diabetes and apnea syndrome.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, A and m are each as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, and compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds in the treatment of a condition mediated by 5-HT4 receptor activity such as, but not limited to, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastrointestinal disease, gastric motility disorder, non-ulcer dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, dyspepsia, esophagitis, gastroesophageral disease, nausea, central nervous system disease, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorder, emesis, migraine, neurological disease, pain, cardiovascular disorders such as cardiac failure and heart arrhythmia, diabetes and apnea syndrome.

Abstract: In the vicinity of a rim portion of a spin base 5, a plurality of supports 7 which abut on a bottom rim portion of a substrate W and support the substrate W are formed projecting toward above from the spin base 5. The substrate W is supported horizontally by the plurality of supports 7, with a predetermined distance ensured from the spin base 5 which opposes the bottom surface of the substrate W. Into the space which is created between the top surface of the substrate W and an opposing surface 9a of an atmosphere blocker plate 9, inert gas is ejected from a plurality of gas ejection outlets 9b which are formed in the opposing surface 9a. The inert gas thus supplied to the top surface of the substrate W presses the substrate W against the supports 7 and the substrate W is held at the spin base 5.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, A and m are each as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, and compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds in the treatment of a condition mediated by 5-HT4 receptor activity such as, but not limited to, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastrointestinal disease, gastric motility disorder, non-ulcer dyspepsia, functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, dyspepsia, esophagitis, gastroesophageral disease, nausea, central nervous system disease, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive disorder, emesis, migraine, neurological disease, pain, cardiovascular disorders such as cardiac failure and heart arrhythmia, diabetes and apnea syndrome.