Abstract: Power supply current is supplied to a plurality of electric loads, the power supply current being generated by a DC power supply, flowing in and branching from a shared power supply switching device and then flowing in reverse connection protection devices that are a field-effect transistor and connected in series to the electric loads, respectively. The reverse connection protection devices are connected in a polarity such that the power supply current flows in the forward direction of parasitic diodes generated between the source terminal S and the drain terminal D of the field-effect transistor. When the current in the field-effect transistor is less than a predetermined value, a gate control circuit interrupts the gate voltage of the reverse connection protection device to cause the reverse connection protection device to open.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a multi-nucleic-acid amplification reaction tool includes a support and a plurality of types of primer sets. The support is configured to be able to support a reaction field of a liquid phase. A plurality of types of primer sets are fixed in a releasable state, for each type, on mutually independent fixing regions of at least a surface of the support, which is in contact with the reaction field, when the liquid phase forms the reaction field. A plurality of types of primer sets are configured to amplify the respectively corresponding target sequences.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power supply control apparatus of an electric load that includes an upstream side switching element and a downstream side switching element and detects various abnormality states of a load wiring by a small number of detection signals. The power supply control apparatus includes a control circuit unit that gives a power supply command signal to the upstream switching element connected in series with the electric load and gives a conduction command signal to the downstream switching element, open-circuits the upstream and downstream switching elements by a synthetic overcurrent determination storage circuit that is operated in response to an overcurrent detecting circuit, monitors a value of one variable divided voltage generated by the voltage monitoring circuit for the electric load, and identifies and stores a wiring abnormality such as a negative line supply fault, a positive line ground fault, and a load short circuit abnormality.

Abstract: In a state of mapping sensors having been advanced into a carrier by a sensor advance/withdraw mover, a sensor lifting and lowering device moves the mapping sensors up and down. With this movement, the mapping sensors detect presence or absence of substrates in a horizontal direction crossing a fore-and-aft direction in which the substrates are moved into and out of the carrier, and a height sensor detects heights of the mapping sensors. Consequently, substrate heights are detected in two different locations in the fore-and-aft direction. Based on the substrate heights, a substrate condition acquiring unit acquires a tilt of each substrate relative to the horizontal in the fore-and-aft direction. The tilt of each substrate inside the carrier is acquired in advance, thereby to be able to prevent substrate damage due to contact between a hand of a substrate transport mechanism and the substrates.

Abstract: A substrate container includes a housing, rack members, housing-side support members for supporting ends of substrates, a moving mechanism for moving the substrates, a lid, and lid-side support members for supporting ends of the substrates. The housing-side support members have deepest portions for supporting the ends of the substrates to be immovable upward. In a state where the lid is attached to the housing, the housing-side support members and lid-side support members clamp the ends of the substrates in between, with lower surfaces of the substrates out of contact with the rack members, and the housing-side support members support the ends of the substrates in the deepest portions. When the lid detaches from the housing, the moving mechanism moves the substrates supported in the deepest portions to disengage the ends of the substrates from the deepest portions, and places the substrates in a substantially horizontal position on the rack members.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device, a semiconductor chip is sealed with a resin, and then a laser is applied to remove the resin so that a part of the semiconductor chip is exposed. The semiconductor chip is made of a material that has a lower absorptivity of the laser than the resin and is not melted by the laser. The laser has a wavelength that passes through the semiconductor chip and has a lower absorptivity in the semiconductor chip than in the resin. The laser is applied to the resin from a side adjacent to one of plate surfaces of the semiconductor chip, so that the resin sealing the one of the plate surfaces is sublimated and removed and at least a part of the resin sealing the other of the plate surfaces is subsequently sublimated and removed by the laser having passed through the semiconductor chip.

Abstract: Provided is an artificial leather substrate including: an entangled fiber body; a filler and a non-volatile oil in liquid form added into the entangled fiber body by impregnation; and preferably, an elastic polymer. Preferably, the content of the non-volatile oil is 0.5 to 10 mass % relative to the entangled fiber body. Further preferably, the artificial leather substrate further includes a smoothing layer for smoothing the substrate surface, the smoothing layer being a layer including a second elastic polymer and a second filler and having a thickness of 10 to 100 ?m.

Abstract: A process cartridge comprises a photosensitive drum and a developing roller. A coupling member is provided adjacent to one axial end of the developing roller. The coupling member includes a driven portion, and an intermediary portion configured and positioned to engage with the driven portion. The intermediary portion is also configured to be movable relative to the driven portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller while maintaining engagement with the driven portion. The coupling member further includes a driving portion configured and positioned to receive a driving force for rotating the developing roller. The driving portion is also configured to engage with the intermediary portion, and to be movable relative to the intermediary portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller while maintaining engagement with the intermediary portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power supply control apparatus of an electric load that includes an upstream side switching element and a downstream side switching element and detects various abnormality states of a load wiring by a small number of detection signals. The power supply control apparatus includes a control circuit unit that gives a power supply command signal to the upstream switching element connected in series with the electric load and gives a conduction command signal to the downstream switching element, open-circuits the upstream and downstream switching elements by a synthetic overcurrent determination storage circuit that is operated in response to an overcurrent detecting circuit, monitors a value of one variable divided voltage generated by the voltage monitoring circuit for the electric load, and identifies and stores a wiring abnormality such as a negative line supply fault, a positive line ground fault, and a load short circuit abnormality.

Abstract: A link apparatus includes a cam plate, a lever and an accommodation member. The cam plate has a cam groove. The lever has a roller engaged with the cam groove and a pin which is inserted through a center of the roller so that the roller is rotatably supported on the pin. The accommodation member accommodates the cam plate and the lever. The accommodation member and the pin have a distance “A” therebetween. The roller has a thickness “B” along an axial direction of the pin. The value of the distance “A” is smaller than the value of the thickness “B”.

Abstract: A substrate treatment apparatus includes: a treatment chamber in which a substrate is treated; a substrate holding unit which holds the substrate in the treatment chamber; a shield member disposed above the substrate holding unit and having an opposing surface to be brought into opposed relation to the substrate holding unit; and a gas supply portion which has a downward gas supply port having an annular shape to surround the shield member as seen in plan and is disposed on an upper portion of the treatment chamber for supplying a gas into the treatment chamber.

Abstract: When a power supply switch is fed with power from a DC power supply and closed, a power supply unit starts power feeding to an opening and closing command generation unit and continues the power feeding by a self-hold command signal from the opening and closing command generation unit. A reverse connection protective element is a field-effect transistor connected in series to the power supply switch and driven to conduct current in an energization direction of an internal parasitic diode when the power supply is connected in proper polarity. Even when a supply fault abnormality is occurring due to fault contact between a positive-side wire of an in-vehicle electrical load connected to the reverse connection protective element and a positive-electrode wire of the DC power supply, the self-hold command signal is cancelled by determining that the power supply switch is opened while the reverse connection protective element is opened.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of reducing a volume occupied exclusively by a substrate processing apparatus. In order to achieve this object, a substrate processing apparatus includes: multiple processing parts that process a substrate W; a transport robot that makes rectilinear motion along one rectilinear axis or each of more rectilinear axes and rotative motion about a vertical axis to transport a substrate to each of the processing parts; a transport chamber defined as operating space for the transport robot; and a transport controller that controls operation of the transport robot. A first partial area defined in the transport chamber has a width (specifically, a width extending along a horizontal axis perpendicular to the one rectilinear axis or the more rectilinear axes) is smaller than a rotative diameter of the transport robot. The transport controller prohibits the rotative motion of the transport robot in the first partial area.

Abstract: A ball screw is provided in which an outer circumferential formation is formed at a portion facing a ball circulating passage out of outer circumferential surface of a nut. The ball screw includes: a screw shaft having on its outer circumferential surface a screw groove; a nut having on its inner circumferential surface a screw groove facing the screw groove; a plurality of balls rollably loaded in a spiral ball rolling passage formed by both screw grooves; and a ball circulating passage to return the balls from a start point to an end point of the ball rolling passage for recirculation. The ball circulating passage is a concaved groove formed by concaving a groove on a part of the cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the nut by plastic working. Then, a flange is integrally provided at a portion facing the ball circulating passage and the screw groove.

Abstract: In a low-pressure EGR system, a mechanical stopper limits a rotation range of a low-pressure EGR regulating valve at a limit opening degree of the low-pressure EGR regulating valve on its fully-open side and outside an EGR amount adjustment opening degree range of the low-pressure EGR regulating valve. After an engine is stopped, a failure detection unit rotates the low-pressure EGR regulating valve to its fully-open position to such an extent that rotation of a linking device is prevented by the mechanical stopper, and is configured to determine that a failure has occurred when an opening degree of the low-pressure EGR regulating valve detected by a low-pressure EGR opening sensor is different from the limit opening degree of the low-pressure EGR regulating valve.

Abstract: A computer determines whether destination information is included in permission target information. The destination information indicates a destination to which a file stored in a storage device is transferred. The permission target information includes information indicating a target permitted to access the file. The computer prompts before the file is transferred, upon determining that the destination information is not included in the permission target information, a user to input whether to permit the transfer. The computer adds the destination information to the permission target information upon receiving, via an input device, a permission input for permitting the transfer. The computer transfers the file upon receiving the permission input.

Abstract: A process cartridge comprises a photosensitive drum and a developing roller. A coupling member is provided adjacent to one axial end of the developing roller. The coupling member includes a driven portion, and an intermediary portion configured and positioned to engage with the driven portion. The intermediary portion is also configured to be movable relative to the driven portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller while maintaining engagement with the driven portion. The coupling member further includes a driving portion configured and positioned to receive a driving force for rotating the developing roller. The driving portion is also configured to engage with the intermediary portion, and to be movable relative to the intermediary portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller while maintaining engagement with the intermediary portion.

Abstract: Provided is a novel method capable of manufacturing an artificial skin model including dendritic cells. A method for manufacturing an artificial skin model includes the following: forming a dermal tissue layer by culturing coated cells in which a cell surface is coated with a coating film containing an extracellular matrix component, so that the coated cells are layered; forming a basal layer including type IV collagen on the dermal tissue layer by bringing type IV collagen into contact with the dermal tissue layer; and forming an epidermal layer by arranging epidermal cells on the basal layer. At least one of the dermal tissue layer and the epidermal layer includes dendritic cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical layered body that has multiple laminated layers of which the refractive indexes are greatly different. The optical layered body can suitably prevent interfacial reflection and interference fringes attributed to the reflection in the interfaces between the layers. The optical layered body has a light-transmitting substrate, and at least an optical functional layer (1) on one surface of the substrate, wherein the refractive index of the optical functional layer (1) in the thickness direction continuously increases from the surface on the light-transmitting substrate side to the surface opposite to the light-transmitting substrate side to show a sigmoid curve.

Abstract: An outer circumferential groove filled with a seal material and an opposing surface portion are provided to a fit portion of a case. A tray portion opposing the opposing surface portion and an outer circumferential protruding portion entering the outer circumferential groove are provided to the fit portion of a cover. Master dimensions are set so that an outer clearance A0 between the outer circumferential groove and the outer circumferential protruding portion is always larger than an inner clearance C0 between the former and the latter when center positions of the cover and the case coincide with each other.