Abstract: With a view to preventing increases in forward voltage due to a change with the lapse of time of a bipolar semiconductor device using a silicon carbide semiconductor, a buffer layer, a drift layer and other p-type and n-type semiconductor layers are formed on a growth surface, which is given by a surface of a crystal of a silicon carbide semiconductor having an off-angle ? of 8 degrees from a (000-1) carbon surface of the crystal, at a film growth rate having a film-thickness increasing rate per hour h of 10 ?m/h, which is three times or more higher than conventional counterparts. The flow rate of silane and propane material gases and dopant gases is largely increased to enhance the film growth rate.

Abstract: A method is provided that automatically saves data on a user terminal of a thin client system to a file server or to the user terminal by appropriately and efficiently sorting the data. System update data such as a patch for the user terminal and confidential data that should be saved to the server are distinguished when written to a secondary storage device, and separately cached into memory. Then, the confidential data that should be saved to the server is automatically uploaded to the file server at any given timing, for example, at shut-down of the terminal, whereby a minimum amount of data can be efficiently saved to the file server.

Abstract: A silicon carbide Zener diode is a bipolar semiconductor device that has a mesa structure and includes a silicon carbide single crystal substrate of a first conductivity type, formed thereon, a silicon carbide conductive layer of a first conductivity type, and a silicon carbide conductive layer of a second conductivity type formed on the silicon carbide conductive layer of a first conductivity type, wherein a depletion layer that is formed under reverse bias at a junction between the silicon carbide conductive layer of a first conductivity type and the silicon carbide conductive layer of a second conductivity type does not reach a mesa corner formed in the silicon carbide conductive layer of a first conductivity type.

Abstract: An ink jet printer is provided with an ink jet head that executes a printing action in which ink is discharged toward a print medium, a transportation device that transports the print medium, and a controller that controls the ink jet head to execute the printing action. The controller controls the ink jet head to execute the printing action when the ink jet printer has finished receiving a predetermined amount of print data. In a case where a time since a last printing action has exceeded a predetermined time, the controller prevents the ink jet head from executing the printing action against a partially printed print medium, and controls the transportation device to eject the print medium.

Abstract: Bipolar semiconductor devices have a Zener voltage controlled very precisely in a wide range of Zener voltages (for example, from 10 to 500 V). A bipolar semiconductor device has a mesa structure and includes a silicon carbide single crystal substrate of a first conductivity type, a silicon carbide conductive layer of a first conductivity type, a highly doped layer of a second conductivity type and a silicon carbide conductive layer of a second conductivity type which substrate and conductive layers are laminated in the order named.

Abstract: In a bipolar silicon carbide semiconductor device in which an electron and a hole recombine with each other during current passage within a silicon carbide epitaxial film grown from a surface of a silicon carbide single crystal substrate, an object described herein is the reduction of defects which are the nuclei of a stacking fault which is expanded by current passage, thereby suppressing the increase of the forward voltage of the bipolar silicon carbide semiconductor device. In a method for producing a bipolar silicon carbide semiconductor device, the device is subjected to a thermal treatment at a temperature of 300° C. or higher in the final step of production. Preferably, the above-mentioned thermal treatment is carried out after the formation of electrodes and then the resulting bipolar silicon carbide semiconductor device is mounted in a package.

Abstract: In a bipolar semiconductor device such that electrons and holes are recombined in a silicon carbide epitaxial film grown from the surface of a silicon carbide single crystal substrate at the time of on-state forward bias operation; an on-state forward voltage increased in a silicon carbide bipolar semiconductor device is recovered by shrinking the stacking fault area enlarged by on-state forward bias operation. In a method of this invention, the bipolar semiconductor device in which the stacking fault area enlarged and the on-state forward voltage has been increased by on-state forward bias operation, is heated at a temperature of higher than 350° C.

Abstract: A method of predicting an effect of a test chemical on living organisms, which comprises: a step of administering a plurality of chemicals whose effects on living organisms are known, to respective chemical dosed groups, administering a test chemical to a test chemical dosed group, collecting proteins from each group after a definite period of time, separating the proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, measuring the signal intensities of spots of the proteins and modified proteins formed therefrom, and calculating a signal intensity ratio of at least two spots, and a step of comparing the signal intensity ratio of test chemical dosed group with the signal intensity ratio of each chemical dosed group.

Abstract: Disclosed is an episulfide group-substituted silicon compound (A) having a backbone structure represented by the following formula (1). (1) (In the formula, R1s respectively represent a substituent having an episulfide group, an unsubstituted or unsaturated acyloxy group-substituted (C1-C10) alkyl group or an aryl group. R1s may be the same as or different from one another, but at least one R1 in a molecule is a substituent having an episulfide group.

Abstract: In a SiC bipolar semiconductor device with a mesa structure having a SiC drift layer of a first conductive type and a SiC carrier injection layer of a second conductive type that are SiC epitaxial layers grown from a surface of a SiC single crystal substrate, the formation of stacking faults and the expansion of the area thereof are prevented and thereby the increase in forward voltage is prevented. Further, a characteristic of withstand voltage in a reverse biasing is improved. An forward-operation degradation preventing layer is formed on a mesa wall or on a mesa wall and a mesa periphery to separate spatially the surface of the mesa wall from a pn-junction interface. In one embodiment, the forward-operation degradation preventing layer is composed of a silicon carbide low resistance layer of a second conductive type that is equipotential during the application of a reverse voltage.

Abstract: An ink jet head is presented that decreases the density in wiring patterns to be connected to a large number of actuator terminals formed on a main body of the ink jet head while ensuring large spacing between the wirings. The ink jet head comprises a main body, a driver IC, and a sheet. The main body comprises a plurality of nozzles, a plurality of pressure chambers, a plurality of actuators, and a plurality of actuator terminals distributed on a surface of the main body. The driver IC can select any actuator terminal among the plurality of actuator terminals and transmit a driving voltage to the selected actuator terminal. The sheet mounts the driver IC at a first surface of the sheet and is fixed to the main body at a second surface.

Abstract: A cartridge for insecticide transpiration includes an annular hollow structure which has openings in the inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface thereof; a core portion situated at the center of the hollow structure for connecting to the rotation support shaft; a plurality of spoke portions connecting the core portion and the hollow structure; and blade portions integrally formed with the hollow structure so as to extend from the inner peripheral surface toward the center thereof and adapted to promote passing of air from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow structure, and; an insecticide transpiration apparatus wherein a cartridge for insecticide transpiration accommodating granular chemical-impregnated material 3 in the hollow structure is connected to a motor through the rotation support shaft and the cartridge for insecticide transpiration.

Abstract: When there is a difference in moving speed of an endless belt in a widthwise direction, a printing sheet fed by this endless belt becomes inclined, and a pattern to be printed becomes inclined or distorted. To deal with this problem, a first detector for detecting moving speed is formed on one side edge of the endless belt, and a second detector for detecting moving speed is formed on the other side edge belt. Standard time is determined on the basis of a difference between the values detected by the first and the second detectors. The standard time is determined for each position along the width of the endless belt. Ink discharging time for each ink jet nozzle is determined on the basis of the standard time that has been determined, and on the basis of a pattern to be printed. The effects of the inclination of the printing sheet can be cancelled out, and a printed pattern can be obtained that is the same as when printing on a sheet that was not inclined.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus improves the operating efficiency while preventing trouble due to the contact of a recording medium with a discharging surface of a recording head. A distance sensor for detecting the distance of the leading edge of a sheet from a conveying surface is provided upstream from the inkjet head in the conveying direction of the sheet. A gap control unit controls a frame moving mechanism to move the inkjet head up so that a gap between the discharging surface and the conveying surface increases when the distance detected by the distance sensor is above a first distance, and the gap distance may be increased by different amounts depending on the distance detected by the distance sensor. A discharging control unit controls the inkjet head to discharge ink droplets after the gap is increased.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus includes a recording head that records an image on a record medium, a first and a second rollers respectively having rotation shafts parallel to each other, and an endless conveyor belt which is looped around the first and second rollers, and which has an external surface for conveying thereon a record medium in a conveyance direction from the first roller toward the second roller while supporting the record medium. On the circumferential surface of the second roller, provided are a abutting region abutting the internal surface of the conveyor belt, and a larger diameter region not abutting the internal surface of the conveyor belt and having a radius surpassing a sum of a thickness of the conveyor belt and a radius of the abutting region.

Abstract: A power supply wiring which is disposed on an array substrate and supplies a predetermined potential to a counter-electrode, includes a power supply pad which is included in a third electrically conductive layer, a first wiring which is included in a first electrically conductive layer and is electrically connected to the power supply pad, a second wiring which is included in a second electrically conductive layer, and a bridge wiring which is included in the third electrically conductive layer and electrically connects the first wiring and the second wiring, the power supply wiring being electrically connected to the counter-electrode via an electrically conductive member which is disposed on the power supply pad.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including gate wiring parts for supplying a scanning signal to switching elements formed in a matrix form in a display area, and source wiring parts for supplying a video signal to the switching elements, the liquid crystal display device having a plurality of inspection switching elements arranged in an area outside the display area, and connected to the gate wiring parts or the source wiring parts and a wiring part for electrically and mutually connecting source electrodes of the inspection switching elements by high resistance elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an epoxy group-containing silicon compound which is obtained by condensing at least one epoxy group-containing alkoxy silicon compound per se represented by the general formula (1a): R1aSi(OR2)3, wherein R1a denotes a substituent having an epoxy group and R2 denotes an alkyl group having at most 4 carbons, or said compound and at least one substituted alkoxy silicon compound represented by the general formula (1b): R1bSi(OR3)3, wherein R1b denotes an alkyl group having at most 10 carbons, an aryl group or an unsaturated aliphatic residue and R3 denotes an alkyl group having at most 4 carbons, in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: An ink-jet head includes a passage unit, an actuator unit, a flexible cable, conductors, and spacers. The actuator unit has individual electrodes corresponding to respective pressure chambers of the passage unit. The flexible cable has wirings corresponding to the respective individual electrodes and is spaced apart from the actuator unit. The conductors are disposed between the actuator unit and the flexible cable so as to electrically connect the individual electrodes to the wirings, respectively. The spacers, which are not electrically connected to the individual electrodes and the wirings, are disposed between the actuator unit and the flexible cable so that each of the spacers is positioned in a region surrounded by three or more of the conductors.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin (A) consisting substantially of a product obtained by reacting a polyester (c) which is a reaction product of a polyol (a) with a tetrabasic acid dianhydride (b) with a compound (d) having an ethylenically unsaturated group and an epoxy group in the molecule; an alkali-soluble photosensitive resin (AA) obtained by reacting the photosensitive resin (A) with a di- or tri-basic acid mono-anhydride (e); photosensitive resin compositions prepared by incorporating the above photosensitive resin with a diluent (XX), a crosslinking agent (B) and/or a photopolymerization initiator (C); products of curing of the compositions; and articles equipped with these products. The resins and resin compositions give cured articles which are suitable for the formation of optical waveguides and excellent in processability, transparency, developability, close adhesion, resistance to soldering heat, and so on.