Abstract: A first external storage device which may be a CD stores data representing standard map of a particular area and that required for guidance, and a second external storage device which may be an IC card stores individual data which cannot be complemented by said data representing the standard map and said guidance data. Since the data is stored in both CD and IC card, the number of data can be reduced. This makes the operation simpler and enables a data that meets the demand of a user to be selectively supplied to the user. In consequence, guided navigation is made possible from any starting point to a destination, and data updating can be made relatively easy.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus having road system data 6 which represents information of connections and coordinates of intersections and roads between intersections, a travel distance sensor 2, steering angle sensor 3, a present position calculating module 4 for calculating the present position with a unit distance between an intersection and the terminal intersection of a going-out road selected at the former intersection. The apparatus is further provided with a module 15 for generating data on the direction of traveling to a destination point at respective intersections, and a guidance outputting module 5. Traveling direction data is made in response to inputting of the destination point, the present position is determined by selecting a going-out road with the present position calculating module with respect to each intersection, and guidance data on the traveling direction at the terminal intersection of the present road is thereafter output.

Abstract: Described herein is a hydraulic servo for a friction coupling element of an automatic transmission, which is mounted in association with a one-way clutch and which has reduced dimensions in radial and axial directions. The hydraulic servo essentially comprises: an annular drum splined with a sleeve portion of the inner race of the one-way clutch and arranged to receive the reaction of the one-way clutch by a fixed member in the automatic transmission case; a piston fitted in the annular drum; and a return spring mounted in the drum for returning the piston.

Abstract: Described herein is a hydraulic control system for vehicular automatic transmission, including an accumulator back pressure control circuit which is provided between a line pressure conduit and a back pressure supply conduit, and comprises a first accumulator control valve for dropping the line pressure according to the throttle opening, and a second accumulator control valve receiving an input pressure commensurate with the throttle opening and dropping the output pressure of the first accumulator control valve according to the throttle opening to apply to the piston of the accumulator a back pressure varying in corresponding to the engine output shaft torque.

Abstract: A steering sensor is installed in a vehicle by utilizing a clearance between a steering wheel and a turn signal switch assembly. This makes it possible to provide a steering sensor having a high degree of universality, since the sensor can be simply retrofitted on an existing vehicle not already having such a sensor. The steering sensor can be utilized widely in navigation or other systems requiring such a sensor.

Abstract: A supporting mechanism for a transmission shaft in an automatic transmission apparatus for use in a vehicle, wherein said shaft is rotatably supported at both end portions (1A), (1C) and at the intermediate portion (1B), and the amount of play of said shaft at said intermediate portion is set greater than those at the end portions, with a view to preventing oscillation of the shaft at the intermediate portion between the supporting points and favorably overcoming difficulty in assembly work, e.g., centering associated with supporting at three points.

Abstract: A hydraulic operating unit for the friction engaging apparatus of a transmission provides a hydraulic operating unit which permits the introduction of a low-pressure working fluid to permit the forceable disengagement of the hydraulic operation unit to work against the fluid which would normally urge the unit into engagement. The effective pressure-receiving area on the releasing side of a hydraulic power servo mechanism is made sufficiently large with respect to the effective pressure-receiving area on the engaging side of the servo mechanism while the piston diameter is kept small in order to save space in the construction of the servo mechanism while at the same time permitting the device to effectively disengage the friction mechanism.

Abstract: A hydraulic servo for friction coupling devices of automatic transmissions, the hydraulic servo comprising: an annular drum including outer and inner cylinders and a side wall connecting the two cylinders together and mounted fixedly or rotatably within an automatic transmission case; an intermediate cylinder mounted concentrically in a predetermined position between the outer and inner cylinders of the drum; a return biasing means located between the intermediate and inner cylinders; and a connecting member securely connecting the return biasing means to a piston.

Abstract: In an automatic transmission, friction elements are engaged and disengaged by a hydraulic servo connected alternately to a pressure source or to a drain through a selector valve, and an accumulator is connected to the line between the selector valve and the servo. The resistance against the oil discharged from the accumulator, the resistance against the oil discharged from the servo, and the return biasing forces in the accumulator and servo are adjusted so that the hydraulic pressure at the servo is lower than the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator for a predetermined time when the selector valve connects the servo with the drain. In one embodiment, a relief valve responsive to a vehicle running condition, controls the discharge rate of working oil through the drain. In another embodiment, a pressure regulator varies the level of the pressure of the working oil discharged from the accumulator in response to variations in a vehicle running condition.

Abstract: A rotational speed detecting device for detecting the rotational speed of a predetermined element of a shifting unit is provided for at least one of a main shifting unit and a sub-shifting unit. A control is provided for controlling a predetermined friction engaging element of at least one of the shifting units according to signals from the rotational speed detecting device, so that shifting operations of both the shifting units will be synchronized when both the units are shifted. Therefore, the output of speed of the transmission is not temporarily increased or decreased and thus, smooth shifting is obtained.

Abstract: A cut-back pressure control device for a multi-speed automatic transmission includes a cut-back valve that has a spool which is controlled by both hydraulic pressure which changes in response to shifting of a sub-transmission unit between high-speed and low-speed modes and a hydraulic pressure which is established by the operation of the main transmission unit at 2nd or higher speeds. The spool is moved to a position where it interrupts the cut-back pressure when the main transmission unit selects the 1st speed while the sub-transmission unit is in the low-speed mode, whereas, when the sub-transmission unit is in the high-speed mode or when the main transmission unit selects the 2nd or a higher speed, the spool is held at a position at which it permits the supply of the cut-back pressure.

Abstract: An end of a shaft member which is displaced and actuated in conjunction with a shift lever of a transmission presses and displaces a latch which is arranged in such a way as to be able to be displaced in an opposing direction against a cam surface of a cam which is formed on a fixed member to function like a wedge which wedges itself between said cam surface and latch, thereby making the latch engage teeth which are drivingly coupled to an output shaft of the transmission in a parking mechanism of a transmission. A cylindrical support portion is continuously extended from the cam surface so as to guide the end of the shaft member at the time when the end of the shaft member is disengaged from the area between the cam surface and latch.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for controlling an automatic transmission. The hydraulic circuit has a control valve connected between a shift valve and a hydraulic servomotor for actuating a frictional engagement element such as a brake in a main transmission unit. The control valve is controlled by a signal from a control means in such a manner that, when the hydraulic servomotor is drained by the operation of the shift valve to disengage the brake, the engagement of a frictional engaging element in another transmission unit is synchronized therewith.

Abstract: Described herein is a hydraulic servo drum which is compact in construction and defines an appropriate area for a piston, the servo drum including: an annular plate member having a press-formed cylindrical portion around the outer periphery thereof; an intermediate cylinder member having one end thereof fitted on the cylindrical portion of the annular plate member and formed with a spline in the remaining portions; and an outer cylinder member provided with a folded portion at one end thereof and having the inner periphery of the folded portion connected to the intermediate cylinder member.

Abstract: An accumulator control device for controlling the back pressure of an accumulator includes an accumulating control valve having a first port communicating with a control oil source and a second port communicating with an accumulator back pressure chamber. The accumulator control valve is controlled by a oil pressure from a shift control. According to the control position of the shift control, the accumulator control valve controls the communicating state of the first and second ports to increase or decrease the back pressure of the accumulator.

Abstract: An oil pass for communicating a hydraulic servo a change-over valve is provided with an orifice and a by-pass disposed parallel to one another. The by-pass is provided with a sequence valve. When the hydraulic servo is subjected to less than a predetermined pressure, the sequence valve communicates to the change-over valve and the hydraulic servo through the by-pass, and when the hydraulic servo is subjected to a pressure that is higher than the predetermined pressure, the sequence valve is cut off.

Abstract: A support mechanism for friction coupling devices in an automatic transmission is disclosed.A snap ring is mounted on a stationary or rotational member in an automatic transmission case and adapted to receive the operational load of one friction coupling device through an annular plate member.A stepped portion is formed on the stationary or rotational member and adapted to receive the operational load of another friction coupling device through the annular plate member.

Abstract: The coefficient of friction of a road surface lying ahead of a four-wheel drive vehicle is predicted and, if control performed on the basis of the prediction is incorrect, the coefficient of friction of the road surface actually traversed by the vehicle is calculated, thereby revising the prediction so that the next prediction of coefficient of friction will be more accurate. Accordingly, control for changeover between two- and four-wheel drive or for locking a center differential mechanism can be made to conform to the road surface conditions immediately and in an appropriate manner to prevent skidding or lock-up of the tires and, hence, assure a safe and stable traveling state.

Abstract: A lock-up clutch control device for an automatic transmission having a torque converter with a lock-up clutch and a speed changing gear mechanism including a sub-transmission unit and a main transmission unit. The device has a lock-up operation device for producing a control signal when the sub-transmission unit is in the higher speed mode or when the main transmission unit selects 2nd or a higher speed gear. The control signal is delivered to a lock-up relay valve which operates effectively while it receives the control signal. Therefore, the torque converter can be locked up at 2nd or higher speeds of the automatic transmission which, because of various combinations of the states of the sub-transmission and main transmission units, outputs multiple speed.

Abstract: A support for an automatic transmission. The support has a tubular supporting portion having an inner peripheral surface supporting a transmission shaft and an outer peripheral surface supporting an inner cylindrical portion of a hydraulic servo drum of the transmission. The support has working oil passages formed therein and adapted for supplying and discharging a working oil to and from the hydraulic servo drum. The support has a support body including a first oil passage leading from an oil pressure controller for supplying and discharging working oil and communicating with the inner periphery of the tubular supporting portion, a second oil passage providing a communication between the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the tubular supporting portion and an inner oil groove providing a communication between inner peripheral openings of the first and second oil passages.